Masoumeh Borjian, Mojtaba Jafarinia, Ali Akbar Ghotbi-Ravandi
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Abstract
Background and aims
Soil salinization poses a significant challenge to agriculture by hindering crop growth and yield. The present study aimed to examine the potential of two biofertilizers to mitigate the adverse effects of salt stress on sunflower plants.
Methods
Sunflower seedlings were inoculated with Glomus mosseae (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria) individually, as well as in combination and exposed to salinity (150 mM) for 60 days.
Results
Salt stress led to nutrient imbalance, promoted oxidative damage, reduced photosynthetic efficiency, and induced accumulation of compatible solutes and antioxidants in sunflower leaves. Biofertilizer treatments effectively alleviated the detrimental effects imposed by salinity. Inoculated plants exhibited promoted growth, and higher nutrient and photosynthetic pigment content under salinity stress. In inoculated plants, the adverse effects of stress on photosynthetic quantum yields were significantly attenuated. Antioxidant activity and flavonoid content increased in inoculated plants followed by a reduction in H2O2 and MDA, and electrolyte leakage. A higher accumulation of compatible solutes was stimulated in salt-stressed sunflower plants by the biofertilizer treatments.
Conclusions
Our results demonstrated that the combined application of G. mosseae and P. fluorescens was the most efficient treatment in diminishing the harmful impacts of salt stress on sunflower seedlings. Based on these results, the use of G. mosseae and P. fluorescens as biofertilizers offers a sustainable and eco-friendly strategy to increase crop tolerance against the deleterious impact of salinity.
期刊介绍：
Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.
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