Effect of High CO2 Controlled Atmosphere Storage on Postharvest Quality of Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus).

Abstract

The Agaricus bisporus (Button mushroom) stands out as one of the most prolific edible fungi which offers robust flavor and nutrition. Nonetheless, this mushroom contains high moisture levels and intense respiration. Without appropriate postharvest preservation techniques, the button mushroom readily experiences browning and senescence. To ensure optimum quality, prompt cooling and appropriate storage conditions are essential. This present research investigated the postharvest quality of button mushrooms stored in a controlled atmosphere (CA) with different initial gas compositions. The findings revealed that button mushrooms in the CA group demonstrated considerable enhancements in appearance and overall quality, effectively delaying browning and senescence compared to those in the control group. The optimal gas composition is 1-3% O₂ and 15-17% CO₂ (CAII), which effectively inhibited the expression of polyphenol oxidase (PPO)- and lactase (LAC)-related genes in the button mushroom, maintaining a high L* value. Furthermore, the application of 1-3% O₂ and 15-17% CO₂ (CAII) not only preserved visual quality but also extended the postharvest shelf life of the button mushroom by minimizing metabolic activities that contribute to senescence. Moreover, 1-3% O₂ and 15-17% CO₂ (CAII) storage also reduced the expression levels of genes associated with ethylene synthesis, which is reflected in the gradual decrease in cell membrane permeability. Consequently, this research underscores the critical importance of controlled atmosphere storage in improving the marketability and sustainability of this widely consumed mushroom.