Comprehensive analysis of mRNA and miRNA differential expression profiles in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis in laying and broodiness period of Wanxi white geese
Xinwei Tong , Xiaojin Li , Yuhua Wang , Fei Xie , Ruidong Li , Man Ren , Qianqian Hu , Shenghe Li
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Abstract
The hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is an important neuroendocrine regulatory center involved in egg-laying process in poultry. However, its mechanism of regulating broodiness behavior and laying performance in geese remains unclear. This study explored the molecular mechanism by which the HPG axis regulates brooding behavior in Wanxi white geese (WWG). The hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovarian tissues of Wanxi white geese were collected at laying and brooding periods for transcriptome sequencing analysis. A total of 240 (BH vs. LH), 319 (BP vs. LP), and 445 (BO vs. LO) differentially expressed genes, and 56 (BH vs. LH), 82 (BP vs. LP), and 48 (BO vs. LO) differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were significantly enriched in hormone level regulation, cell communication, calcium signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, and other processes. Six DEGs and four DEMs were randomly selected for real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). The results showed that the transcriptome sequencing data were accurate and reliable. In addition, 22 potential hub miRNAs were screened. Dual luciferase reporter assays confirmed the targeting relationship between miR-144-y and DIO3. The results showed that the miRNAs mainly regulated the laying performance and brooding behavior of WWG by mediating the expression of target genes. In this study, we systematically elucidated the mechanisms by which the HPG axis regulates the broodiness behavior and laying performance of WWG at the post-transcriptional level. Several miRNAs and mRNAs associated with the reproductive performance of WWG were identified, providing a crucial reference for the subsequent use of gene editing technologies to breed new varieties and advance the development of WWG breeding industry.
下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴（HPG）是参与家禽产蛋过程的重要神经内分泌调节中枢。然而，其调节鹅的育雏行为和产蛋性能的机制仍不清楚。本研究探讨了 HPG 轴调节皖西白鹅育雏行为的分子机制。在产蛋期和育雏期采集皖西白鹅的下丘脑、垂体和卵巢组织进行转录组测序分析。共鉴定出240个（BH vs. LH）、319个（BP vs. LP）和445个（BO vs. LO）差异表达基因，以及56个（BH vs. LH）、82个（BP vs. LP）和48个（BO vs. LO）差异表达的miRNA。基因本体（GO）和京都基因组百科全书（KEGG）功能富集分析表明，差异表达基因（DEGs）和差异表达miRNAs（DEMs）在激素水平调节、细胞通讯、钙信号通路、GnRH信号通路、MAPK信号通路、Wnt信号通路和其他过程中显著富集。研究人员随机选择了6个DEGs和4个DEMs进行实时荧光定量反转录PCR（RT-qPCR）分析。结果表明，转录组测序数据准确可靠。此外，还筛选出了 22 个潜在的中枢 miRNA。双荧光素酶报告实验证实了miR-144-y与DIO3之间的靶向关系。结果表明，这些miRNA主要通过介导靶基因的表达来调控WWG的产蛋性能和育雏行为。本研究系统地阐明了HPG轴在转录后水平调控WWG育雏行为和产蛋性能的机制。发现了多个与WWG繁殖性能相关的miRNA和mRNA，为后续利用基因编辑技术培育新品种、推动WWG育种产业发展提供了重要参考。
期刊介绍：
First self-published in 1921, Poultry Science is an internationally renowned monthly journal, known as the authoritative source for a broad range of poultry information and high-caliber research. The journal plays a pivotal role in the dissemination of preeminent poultry-related knowledge across all disciplines. As of January 2020, Poultry Science will become an Open Access journal with no subscription charges, meaning authors who publish here can make their research immediately, permanently, and freely accessible worldwide while retaining copyright to their work. Papers submitted for publication after October 1, 2019 will be published as Open Access papers.
An international journal, Poultry Science publishes original papers, research notes, symposium papers, and reviews of basic science as applied to poultry. This authoritative source of poultry information is consistently ranked by ISI Impact Factor as one of the top 10 agriculture, dairy and animal science journals to deliver high-caliber research. Currently it is the highest-ranked (by Impact Factor and Eigenfactor) journal dedicated to publishing poultry research. Subject areas include breeding, genetics, education, production, management, environment, health, behavior, welfare, immunology, molecular biology, metabolism, nutrition, physiology, reproduction, processing, and products.
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