Vapor-phase protective coatings for polymers: Advances and challenges in ALD and VPI technologies

IF 6.3 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111070

Hung-Anh Tran Vu , Minh Nguyen Ngoc , Anh Tuan Pham , Viet Huong Nguyen

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Abstract

Polymers are widely used in various industries, however, their sensitivity to environmental factors such as moisture, UV radiation, heat, and some organic solvents limits their application. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) and vapor phase infiltration (VPI) are cutting-edge technologies to enhance the protective performance of polymers. ALD is concerned with depositing uniform, pinhole-free thin films with thickness control down to sub-nanometer level, while VPI creates organic-inorganic hybrid structures, further improving polymer stability. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ALD and VPI for protecting polymers in outdoor applications or advanced technological fields such as lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and biomedical applications. The mechanisms governing ALD and VPI processes on polymers are discussed, alongside with challenges such as deposition on inert polymers, controllability, and scalability. The potential of various metal oxides by ALD/VPI technologies to expand the use of polymers in harsh environments is particularly highlighted, with an emphasis on future research directions and industrial applications.

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聚合物气相保护涂层：ALD 和 VPI 技术的进步与挑战

聚合物被广泛应用于各行各业，然而，它们对潮湿、紫外线辐射、热量和某些有机溶剂等环境因素的敏感性限制了它们的应用。原子层沉积（ALD）和气相渗透（VPI）是提高聚合物保护性能的尖端技术。原子层沉积主要是沉积均匀、无针孔的薄膜，薄膜厚度可控制在亚纳米级，而气相渗透则能形成有机-无机混合结构，进一步提高聚合物的稳定性。本综述旨在评估 ALD 和 VPI 在户外应用或先进技术领域（如锂离子电池 (LIB)、有机发光二极管 (OLED) 和生物医学应用）保护聚合物的有效性。本文讨论了聚合物上的 ALD 和 VPI 过程的机理，以及在惰性聚合物上沉积、可控性和可扩展性等挑战。特别强调了通过 ALD/VPI 技术将各种金属氧化物用于扩大聚合物在恶劣环境中的应用的潜力，并重点介绍了未来的研究方向和工业应用。

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来源期刊

Polymer Degradation and Stability 化学-高分子科学

CiteScore

10.10

自引率

10.20%

发文量

325

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： Polymer Degradation and Stability deals with the degradation reactions and their control which are a major preoccupation of practitioners of the many and diverse aspects of modern polymer technology. Deteriorative reactions occur during processing, when polymers are subjected to heat, oxygen and mechanical stress, and during the useful life of the materials when oxygen and sunlight are the most important degradative agencies. In more specialised applications, degradation may be induced by high energy radiation, ozone, atmospheric pollutants, mechanical stress, biological action, hydrolysis and many other influences. The mechanisms of these reactions and stabilisation processes must be understood if the technology and application of polymers are to continue to advance. The reporting of investigations of this kind is therefore a major function of this journal. However there are also new developments in polymer technology in which degradation processes find positive applications. For example, photodegradable plastics are now available, the recycling of polymeric products will become increasingly important, degradation and combustion studies are involved in the definition of the fire hazards which are associated with polymeric materials and the microelectronics industry is vitally dependent upon polymer degradation in the manufacture of its circuitry. Polymer properties may also be improved by processes like curing and grafting, the chemistry of which can be closely related to that which causes physical deterioration in other circumstances.