MXene - A frontier exploiter in carbon dioxide conversion: Synthesis and adsorption

Abstract

MXene, as a novel two-dimensional material, has garnered global attention due to its unique structure and outstanding physicochemical properties. MXene-based adsorption/catalytic agents, characterized by their high specific surface area, abundant surface functional groups, excellent conductivity, and tunability, are considered excellent materials for carbon dioxide (CO₂) adsorption and conversion. In recent years, the synthesis methods of MXene have evolved from the initial hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching to Lewis acid molten salt etching, significantly reducing the risks and pollution associated with the synthesis process while enhancing yield and performance. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the application of MXene materials in the adsorption and catalytic conversion of CO₂. It first outlines the development history of MXene. Subsequently, the synthesis methods of MXene are discussed, with particular emphasis on the advantages of fluorine-free synthesis methods, including relatively mild etching conditions, safety, pollution-free nature, and ease of control. Later, we elucidate its progress in CO₂ adsorption and conversion. Finally, the prospects of MXene materials in the field of CO₂ conversion are discussed, along with an exploration of the strengths and weaknesses of current synthesis methods. It has pointed out that MXene holds significant potential in constructing a sustainable carbon cycle economy, underscoring its crucial role in sustainable development.