IF 13.2 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Today

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2024.102550

Ya Ma , Javier Remón , Lingjuan Luo , Wei Ding , Zhicheng Jiang , Bi Shi

This work explores the development of a renewable, carbon-neutral, light-colored UV-shielding film to protect photosensitive pesticides from solar radiation, as these chemicals are easily degraded under UV light, substantially reducing their efficiency and causing soil and water pollution. The abundant benzene rings in lignin and phenolic hydroxyls in tannin boosted the co-self-assembly of lignin and tannin into composite nanospheres by the simultaneous π-π stacking and H-bonding interactions between these two biopolymers. These lignin-tannin (LT) composite nanoparticles were used as natural UV-shielding additives to coat a poly-vinyl-alcohol (PVA) film, endowing the PVA-LT film with an excellent UV-shielding ability (>95 % efficiency) due to the strong π-π stacking and concentrated phenolic hydroxyls. Typical photosensitive pesticides covered with the PVA-LT film significantly increased their remaining rate by 1.5 times compared to those under the uncoated film. Besides, intensive intermolecular hydrogen bonds were generated between PVA and the abundant phenolic hydroxyl groups exposed on the hydrophilic shell of the LT coating, enhancing the mechanical properties and water vapor retention of the composite film. Our biodegradable composite film derived from natural plant extracts not only protected photosensitive pesticides from UV irradiation but also allowed the transmission of visible light to guarantee the photosynthesis process of crops.

由于光敏性农药在紫外线照射下很容易降解，大大降低了农药的使用效率，并造成土壤和水污染，因此这项研究探索开发一种可再生、碳中性、浅色的紫外线屏蔽膜，以保护光敏性农药免受太阳辐射。木质素中丰富的苯环和单宁中的酚羟基通过这两种生物聚合物之间同时存在的π-π堆积和H键相互作用，促进了木质素和单宁共同自组装成复合纳米球。这些木质素-单宁（LT）复合纳米粒子被用作天然紫外线屏蔽添加剂，涂覆在聚乙烯醇（PVA）薄膜上，由于强π-π堆积和浓缩的酚羟基，PVA-LT 薄膜具有极佳的紫外线屏蔽能力（效率高达 95%）。与未涂覆薄膜相比，涂覆 PVA-LT 薄膜的典型光敏农药的残留率显著提高了 1.5 倍。此外，PVA 与暴露在 LT 涂层亲水外壳上的大量酚羟基之间产生了密集的分子间氢键，从而增强了复合薄膜的机械性能和保水性。我们从天然植物提取物中提取的可生物降解复合膜不仅能保护光敏农药免受紫外线照射，还能透过可见光，保证农作物的光合作用过程。

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引用次数: 0

In situ atomic observation of transformation twinning in nanocrystals 原位原子观测纳米晶体中的转化孪晶

IF 13.2 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Today

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2024.102547

Qiubo Zhang , Hui Dong , Amy Ren , Yifan Nie , Haimei Zheng

The formation of twinning in nanocrystals impacts their physical and chemical properties. However, the pathways of transformation twinning triggered by an external stimulus is not well-understood. Here, we investigated the transformation twinning of face-centered cubic (FCC) metal nanocrystals under electron beam irradiation, utilizing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with high spatiotemporal resolution. We found that a bi-crystal twin can form through swap motion as well as via a structural destruction-repair mechanism. The destruction-repair of crystal structure during twinning involves structure disruption, defects formation, and subsequent recrystallization. Regarding twinning through swap motion, nanocrystals maintain a relatively intact crystal structure, while crystal defects form and propagate during twin nucleation. For the transformation twinning evolving from a bi-crystal twin to fivefold twins (or the reverse processes in detwinning), twinning is accompanied by the decomposition of the twin boundaries, interface migration, and strain modulations. Our results provide new mechanistic understandings of transformation twinning in nanocrystals.

纳米晶体中孪晶的形成会影响其物理和化学特性。然而，人们对外界刺激引发转化孪晶的途径还不甚了解。在此，我们利用高时空分辨率的透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究了面心立方（FCC）金属纳米晶体在电子束辐照下的转变孪晶。我们发现，双晶孪生既可以通过交换运动形成，也可以通过结构破坏-修复机制形成。孪晶过程中晶体结构的破坏-修复包括结构破坏、缺陷形成和随后的再结晶。关于通过交换运动形成的孪晶，纳米晶体保持相对完整的晶体结构，而晶体缺陷则在孪晶成核过程中形成和扩散。对于从双晶孪晶演变为五倍孪晶的转变孪晶（或脱晶中的相反过程），孪晶伴随着孪晶边界的分解、界面迁移和应变调制。我们的研究结果为理解纳米晶体中的转变孪晶提供了新的机理。

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引用次数: 0

Energy-based surgery generated carbonized particles promote the development of ovarian cancer 基于能量的手术产生的碳化粒子会促进卵巢癌的发展

IF 13.2 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Today

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2024.102555

Yan Chen , Jian Liu , Binhan Wang , Xiao Liang , Yanfei Yang , Xia Zhao , Min Luo , Xiawei Wei

Cancer patients face a high risk of tumor recurrence and metastasis after surgery. Surgical stress has been reported to be an important trigger for cancer recurrence and metastasis. Energy-based surgical devices have become the most commonly used surgical tool in recent years. However, there is a lack of studies investigating whether using energy-based surgical devices promotes the development of residual tumors. This study aimed to examine the impact of energy-based surgery on tumor growth in comparison to conventional surgery. Results indicated that energy-based surgery is more likely to promote tumor growth than conventional surgery. Further investigation revealed that the carbonized particles produced by energy-based surgical devices during tissue combustion are robust inducers, strongly inducing the polarization of M2-like macrophages in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, carbonized particles induced an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in vivo, promoting tumor growth similarly to energy-based surgery. These findings suggested that the production of carbonized particles during energy-based surgery contributed to the development of residual tumor cells. Therefore, it is advisable to implement measures to either eliminate or prevent the production of carbonized particles during energy-based surgery procedures.

癌症患者术后面临肿瘤复发和转移的高风险。据报道，手术应激是癌症复发和转移的重要诱因。近年来，基于能量的手术设备已成为最常用的手术工具。然而，目前还缺乏对使用能量手术设备是否会促进残留肿瘤发展的研究。本研究旨在探讨与传统手术相比，能量手术对肿瘤生长的影响。结果表明，与传统手术相比，能量手术更有可能促进肿瘤生长。进一步研究发现，能量手术设备在组织燃烧过程中产生的碳化颗粒是一种强诱导剂，能在体内和体外强烈诱导 M2 样巨噬细胞极化。此外，碳化粒子还能在体内诱导免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境，促进肿瘤生长，这一点与能量手术类似。这些研究结果表明，能量手术过程中产生的碳化粒子导致了残留肿瘤细胞的发展。因此，最好采取措施消除或防止能量手术过程中产生碳化粒子。

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引用次数: 0

Adipose tissue targeted sequential delivery system regulating glycolipid metabolism for systemic obesity and its comorbidities 调节糖脂代谢的脂肪组织定向序贯给药系统，用于治疗全身性肥胖症及其合并症

IF 13.2 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Today

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2024.102553

Yingxian Chen , Xinmiao Lan , Junhua Han , Xin Xiang , Qingmeng Li , Xiaolong Xu , Tingting Wang , Siying Huang , Jianzhong Shen , Xiaowei Ma

Obesity has emerged as a chronic, relapsing, progressive disease globally. Available methods including pharmacotherapy, surgery, and limotherapy, may lead to toxicities and gastrointestinal disturbances due to their lack of adipose tissue targetability. Increasing energy expenditure and reducing gluconeogenesis through browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) is a therapeutic target for obesity and its comorbidities. Here, we constructed a biomimetic discoidal recombinant high-density lipoprotein (rHDL) with high specificity for scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI). rHDL enables targeted delivery of combination drugs (RM) containing rosiglitazone (Rosi) and metformin (Met) to WAT, liver, and intestine, that express elevated levels of SR-BI, resulting in promoted browning of WAT, enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis, and adipocyte thermogenesis increase. For oral delivery, rHDL@RM was loaded in pH-senstive sodium alginate chitosan complex microspheres (MS), enabling stepwise release in the gastrointestinal tract, with mucosal penetration capability that facilitating longlasting lipid-lowering effect. Diet-induced obese (DIO) mice treated with rHDL@RM/MS showed 44.6 % reduction in body weight, with decreased serum glucose and lipid levels. Obesity comorbidities, including NAFLD, gut microbiome disorders, systemic lipid metabolism abnormalities, and chronic inflammation, were all effectively suppressed. Our designed rHDL@RM/MS oral-nanoplatform represents a valuable therapeutic strategy for painless treatment of systemic obesity and related comorbidities.

肥胖症已成为一种全球性的慢性、复发性、进展性疾病。现有的方法包括药物疗法、手术疗法和限制疗法，由于缺乏对脂肪组织的靶向性，可能会导致毒性和胃肠道功能紊乱。通过白脂肪组织（WAT）褐变来增加能量消耗和减少葡萄糖生成是肥胖症及其合并症的治疗目标。在这里，我们构建了一种生物仿生盘状重组高密度脂蛋白（rHDL），它对清道夫受体 B 类 I 型（SR-BI）具有高度特异性。rHDL 可以将含有罗格列酮（Rosi）和二甲双胍（Met）的联合药物（RM）靶向递送到 SR-BI 表达水平升高的白脂肪组织、肝脏和肠道，从而促进白脂肪组织褐变、线粒体生物生成增强和脂肪细胞产热增加。在口服给药方面，将 rHDL@RM 添加到具有 pH 值选择性的海藻酸钠壳聚糖复合微球（MS）中，使其能够在胃肠道中逐步释放，并具有粘膜渗透能力，从而促进持久的降脂效果。经 rHDL@RM/MS 治疗的饮食诱发肥胖（DIO）小鼠体重下降了 44.6%，血清葡萄糖和血脂水平也有所下降。肥胖合并症，包括非酒精性脂肪肝、肠道微生物组紊乱、全身脂质代谢异常和慢性炎症均得到有效抑制。我们设计的rHDL@RM/MS口服纳米平台是无痛治疗全身性肥胖及相关并发症的重要治疗策略。

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引用次数: 0

CD33 targeted EzH1 regulated nanotherapy epigenetically inhibits fusion oncoprotein (AML1-ETO) rearranged acute myeloid leukemia in both in vitro and in vivo Patient Derived Xenograft models 在体外和体内患者衍生异种移植模型中，CD33 靶向 EzH1 调控纳米疗法从表观遗传学角度抑制融合癌蛋白（AML1-ETO）重排的急性髓性白血病

IF 13.2 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Today

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2024.102542

Avinash Chandra Kushwaha , Boddu Mrunalini , Devangi Ghosh , Pankaj Malhotra , Surajit Karmakar , Subhasree Roy Choudhury

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most heterogeneous myeloid malignancies wherein the genetic and epigenetic markers contribute to AML pathogenesis. Genetic regulators such as fusion oncogene, AML1-ETO, controls AML pathogenesis and contribute to ∼20 % AML cases. The epigenetic factors such as histone methyltransferase, EzH1, is highly overexpressed in AML and regulate AML proliferation. The EzH1 inhibition overturns disease pathology but available therapeutics exhibit off-target toxicity and frequent relapses which lack AML targeting ability. Here, we have prepared CD33-targeted S30 aptamer-functionalized human serum albumin nanoparticles for EzH1 siRNA delivery for the first time as anti-AML therapeutics in vitro, in vivo nude mice and patient-derived xenografts models. The S30 aptamer functionalization enhanced the transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity through apoptosis and increased the reduction of c-Kit⁺ leukemia cells along with upregulation of myeloid differentiation markers, CD11b and Gr-1, in nude mice AML xenografts. The nanoparticles exhibited the similar efficacy with improved survival outcome in patient-derived xenografts. Furthermore, we for the first time showed that transcription factor, C-Myb, directly regulates EzH1 through promoter binding which regulates the functional characteristics of in vivo AML. The present nanotherapy abrogates C-Myb–EzH1 crosstalk mediated AML pathogenesis and holds future translation potential as novel anti-AML therapeutics.

急性髓性白血病（AML）是异质性最强的髓系恶性肿瘤之一，遗传和表观遗传标记物对AML的发病机制起着重要作用。基因调控因子（如融合癌基因 AML1-ETO）控制着急性髓细胞白血病的发病机制，并导致 20% 的急性髓细胞白血病病例。组蛋白甲基转移酶 EzH1 等表观遗传因子在急性髓细胞性白血病中高度过表达，并调控急性髓细胞性白血病的增殖。抑制 EzH1 可改善疾病的病理变化，但现有的治疗药物具有脱靶毒性，且经常复发，缺乏针对急性髓细胞性白血病的靶向能力。在此，我们首次制备了 CD33 靶向 S30 通感素功能化人血清白蛋白纳米颗粒，用于在体外、体内裸鼠和患者衍生异种移植模型中递送 EzH1 siRNA 作为抗 AML 治疗药物。在急性髓细胞性白血病裸鼠异种移植中，S30 aptamer 功能化提高了转染效率，通过细胞凋亡增强了细胞毒性，减少了 c-Kit+ 白血病细胞，同时上调了髓系分化标志物 CD11b 和 Gr-1。纳米颗粒在患者来源的异种移植中也表现出类似的疗效，并改善了存活率。此外，我们首次发现转录因子 C-Myb 通过启动子结合直接调控 EzH1，从而调控体内急性髓细胞性白血病的功能特征。本纳米疗法可抑制C-Myb-EzH1串联介导的急性髓细胞性白血病发病机制，未来有望转化为新型抗急性髓细胞性白血病疗法。

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引用次数: 0

Pure organic phosphorescent scintillator for glucose metabolism regulation-enhanced low-dose X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy 用于葡萄糖代谢调节增强型低剂量 X 射线诱导光动力疗法的纯有机磷光闪烁体

IF 13.2 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Today

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2024.102548

Xiaoyu Zhang , Yating Wen , Baojie Du , Yating Huang , Yunxiang Liu , Rong Zhang , Liping Li , Ruiping Zhang

X-ray-induced photodynamic therapy (X-PDT) leverages the penetration power of X-rays to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) within deep tissues for cancer treatment, merging the benefits of both photodynamic therapy and radiotherapy. Traditional X-PDT, however, typically relies on inorganic scintillators containing heavy-metals to act as energy transducers, exciting nearby photosensitizers to produce singlet oxygen. Moreover, the hypoxia conditions prevalent in tumors can severely diminish the efficacy of X-PDT. Here, we report a metal-free, self-enhanced organic phosphorescent nanoscintillator (termed OPSG NPs) capable of efficiently generating singlet oxygen under low-dose X-ray irradiation, facilitated by glucose metabolism regulation. OPSG NPs are constructed through a self-assembly behavior driven by molecular interactions between an organic phosphorescent scintillator and a glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) inhibitor. The OPSG NPs serve dual functions, acting as both scintillator and photosensitizer, which can be activated by direct X-ray irradiation. Additionally, they possess the ability to inhibit glucose supply and reduce oxygen consumption for tumor cell respiration. This strategy effectively alleviates the hypoxia within the tumor microenvironment and consequently enhances the therapeutic efficacy of X-PDT. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate the excellent antitumor X-PDT performance. This glucose metabolism regulation-enhanced low-dose X-PDT strategy paves the way for more efficient therapy against deep-seated tumors.

X 射线诱导的光动力疗法（X-PDT）利用 X 射线的穿透力在深层组织内产生活性氧（ROS）来治疗癌症，融合了光动力疗法和放射疗法的优点。然而，传统的 X-PDT 通常依赖含有重金属的无机闪烁体作为能量转换器，激发附近的光敏剂产生单线态氧。此外，肿瘤中普遍存在的缺氧条件会严重削弱 X-PDT 的功效。在此，我们报告了一种无金属、自增强的有机磷光纳米闪烁体（称为 OPSG NPs），它能在低剂量 X 射线照射下有效地产生单线态氧，并能通过葡萄糖代谢调节发挥作用。OPSG NPs 是通过有机磷光闪烁体和葡萄糖转运体 1（GLUT1）抑制剂之间的分子相互作用驱动的自组装行为构建的。OPSG NPs 具有双重功能，既是闪烁体又是光敏剂，可通过直接 X 射线照射激活。此外，它们还具有抑制葡萄糖供应和减少肿瘤细胞呼吸耗氧量的能力。这种策略能有效缓解肿瘤微环境中的缺氧状况，从而提高 X-PDT 的疗效。体外和体内研究都证明了 X-PDT 卓越的抗肿瘤性能。这种葡萄糖代谢调节增强型低剂量 X-PDT 策略为更有效地治疗深部肿瘤铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Encapsulated solid-liquid dual continuous pathways with low modulus and high thermal conductivity for dynamic target autonomous thermal management 具有低模量和高导热性的封装固液双连续通路，用于动态目标自主热管理

IF 13.2 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Today

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2024.102549

Qingxia He, Mengmeng Qin, Heng Zhang, Shuo Wang, Wei Feng

Materials that exhibit both high thermal conductivity and soft elasticity are essential for effective thermal management in complex dynamic environments. Additionally, these materials can serve as sensing layers to interact with external conditions. However, materials that possess high thermal conductivity often have a high modulus, which limits their soft elasticity. In this study, we introduce a novel solid-liquid dual-oriented pathway embedded in modified PDMS. This design incorporates continuous liquid metal pathways and vertically aligned graphene, allowing for the optimal utilization of their high thermal conductivity, low modulus, and excellent resilience. The resulting LM-VGA/mPDMS composites exhibit impressive thermal conductivity (κ_⊥ = 7.32 Wm^–1K⁻¹) alongside soft elasticity and a remarkably low elastic modulus of 71.14 kPa. The LM-VGA/mPDMS composite facilitates effective thermal management in both dynamic and static conditions. Furthermore, the LM-VGA/mPDMS composites function as non-contact, self-powered sensors capable of accurately detecting object positions and states, making them suitable for dynamic target autonomous thermal management.

同时具有高导热性和软弹性的材料对于在复杂的动态环境中进行有效的热管理至关重要。此外，这些材料还可用作传感层，与外部条件相互作用。然而，具有高热导率的材料通常具有较高的模量，这限制了它们的软弹性。在本研究中，我们介绍了一种嵌入改性 PDMS 的新型固液双向通路。这种设计结合了连续的液态金属通路和垂直排列的石墨烯，使它们的高热导率、低模量和出色的弹性得到了最佳利用。由此产生的 LM-VGA/mPDMS 复合材料不仅具有令人印象深刻的热导率（κ⊥ = 7.32 Wm-1K-1），还具有柔软的弹性和 71.14 kPa 的超低弹性模量。LM-VGA/mPDMS 复合材料有助于在动态和静态条件下进行有效的热管理。此外，LM-VGA/mPDMS 复合材料还具有非接触、自供电传感器的功能，能够准确检测物体的位置和状态，因此适用于动态目标自主热管理。

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引用次数: 0

In Vivo MRI tracking of bone mesenchymal stem cell viability with a T1-T2 switchable contrast agent 利用 T1-T2 可切换造影剂进行体内磁共振成像追踪骨间充质干细胞的存活率

IF 13.2 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Today

Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2024.102551

Jincong Yan , Zhongzhong Lu , Mingsheng Xu , Jihuan Liu , Ye Zhang , Yi Cao , Renjun Pei

The successful implementation of stem cell therapy requires the development of imaging techniques to track transplanted stem cells in vivo and monitor their fate over time. Most in vivo imaging methods focus on providing information about the distribution and migration of transplanted stem cells, while monitoring their viability-crucial for optimizing therapy-remains undeveloped. Although a few in vivo imaging techniques have been developed for assessing the viability of transplanted stem cells, their applicability is restricted by limited penetration depth. To address this, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that is collaboratively utilized with tailored contrast agents has been explored to track the viability of transplanted stem cells without this limitation. However, currently available MRI contrast agents struggle with low accuracy in monitoring viability due to poor controllability or minimal signal change in response to cell death. Here, we present an extremely small iron oxide nanoparticles (ESIONPs)-based T₁-T₂ switchable MRI contrast agent (ESIONPs-GSH) designed to accurately detect cell apoptosis in response to elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS).Specifically, ESIONPs-GSH was obtained by modifying the surface of ESIONPs with ROS-sensitive glutathione (GSH) and amphipathic 3-((3-aminopropyl) dimethylammonio) propane-1-sulfonate (ADPS) molecules. The results demonstrate that ESIONPs-GSH is biocompatible, with negligible effects on the proliferation and differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) post-labeling. Additionally, BMSCs labeled with ESIONPs-GSH exhibit T₁ contrast; upon cell death, increasing cellular ROS oxidize GSH and induce cross-linking of ESIONPs-GSH, resulting in a switch to T₂ contrast. Benefiting from the significantly contrasting signal following the T₁-T₂ contrast switch, ESIONPs-GSH allows for accurate assessment of the survival of BMSCs transplanted into the axillary regions of mice through MRI monitoring. ESIONPs-GSH enabled MRI can effectively track transplanted stem cell viability in vivo without penetration depth limitations, making it a promising tool for guiding stem cell-based therapies.

干细胞疗法的成功实施需要开发成像技术，以追踪体内移植的干细胞，并随着时间的推移监测其命运。大多数体内成像方法侧重于提供有关移植干细胞分布和迁移的信息，而监测其存活率--对优化治疗至关重要--仍未得到开发。虽然目前已开发出一些用于评估移植干细胞存活能力的体内成像技术，但由于穿透深度有限，其适用性受到限制。为了解决这个问题，人们探索了磁共振成像（MRI）技术，该技术与定制的造影剂配合使用，可跟踪移植干细胞的存活率，而不受这种限制。然而，由于可控性差或细胞死亡时信号变化极小，目前可用的磁共振成像造影剂在监测存活率方面的准确性很低。具体来说，ESIONPs-GSH是通过在ESIONPs表面修饰对ROS敏感的谷胱甘肽（GSH）和两性离子3-((3-aminopropyl) dimethylammonio) propane-1-sulfonate（ADPS）分子而获得的。研究结果表明，ESIONPs-GSH 具有生物相容性，标记后对骨间充质干细胞（BMSCs）的增殖和分化影响微乎其微。此外，用 ESIONPs-GSH 标记的 BMSCs 显示出 T1 对比度；当细胞死亡时，增加的细胞 ROS 会氧化 GSH 并诱导 ESIONPs-GSH 交联，从而转为 T2 对比度。ESIONPs-GSH 在 T1-T2 对比度转换后会产生明显的对比度信号，因此可以通过核磁共振成像监测准确评估移植到小鼠腋窝部位的 BMSCs 的存活情况。ESIONPs-GSH支持的核磁共振成像可有效追踪移植干细胞在体内的存活情况，而不受穿透深度的限制，使其成为指导干细胞疗法的一种有前途的工具。

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引用次数: 0

MXene - A frontier exploiter in carbon dioxide conversion: Synthesis and adsorption MXene--二氧化碳转化的前沿技术：合成与吸附

IF 13.2 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Today

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2024.102546

Ting Yan , L.C. Xu , W.G. Pan , L.W. Wang

MXene, as a novel two-dimensional material, has garnered global attention due to its unique structure and outstanding physicochemical properties. MXene-based adsorption/catalytic agents, characterized by their high specific surface area, abundant surface functional groups, excellent conductivity, and tunability, are considered excellent materials for carbon dioxide (CO₂) adsorption and conversion. In recent years, the synthesis methods of MXene have evolved from the initial hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching to Lewis acid molten salt etching, significantly reducing the risks and pollution associated with the synthesis process while enhancing yield and performance. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the application of MXene materials in the adsorption and catalytic conversion of CO₂. It first outlines the development history of MXene. Subsequently, the synthesis methods of MXene are discussed, with particular emphasis on the advantages of fluorine-free synthesis methods, including relatively mild etching conditions, safety, pollution-free nature, and ease of control. Later, we elucidate its progress in CO₂ adsorption and conversion. Finally, the prospects of MXene materials in the field of CO₂ conversion are discussed, along with an exploration of the strengths and weaknesses of current synthesis methods. It has pointed out that MXene holds significant potential in constructing a sustainable carbon cycle economy, underscoring its crucial role in sustainable development.

MXene 作为一种新型二维材料，因其独特的结构和出色的物理化学特性而备受全球关注。基于 MXene 的吸附/催化剂具有高比表面积、丰富的表面官能团、优异的导电性和可调性等特点，被认为是二氧化碳（CO2）吸附和转化的绝佳材料。近年来，MXene 的合成方法已从最初的氢氟酸（HF）蚀刻发展到路易斯酸熔盐蚀刻，大大降低了合成过程中的风险和污染，同时提高了产量和性能。本综述全面概述了 MXene 材料在二氧化碳吸附和催化转化中的应用。首先概述了 MXene 的发展历史。随后，讨论了 MXene 的合成方法，特别强调了无氟合成方法的优势，包括蚀刻条件相对温和、安全、无污染和易于控制。随后，我们阐释了其在二氧化碳吸附和转化方面的进展。最后，讨论了 MXene 材料在二氧化碳转化领域的前景，并探讨了当前合成方法的优缺点。报告指出，MXene 在构建可持续碳循环经济方面具有巨大潜力，强调了其在可持续发展中的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Emerging intelligent wearable devices for cardiovascular health monitoring 用于心血管健康监测的新兴智能可穿戴设备

IF 13.2 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Today

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2024.102544

Yiqian Wang , Yang Zou , Zhou Li

Cardiovascular diseases have long posed a significant threat to human health. Wearable devices are increasingly vital in cardiovascular health monitoring, disease screening, and early warning because of their non-invasiveness, real-time data provision and continuous monitoring capability. The collection, processing, and analysis of data in cardiovascular health monitoring involve numerous repetitive and standardized tasks, where artificial intelligence (AI) technology plays a pivotal role. AI is particularly effective in handling large volumes of data, thus enhancing the diagnostic and predictive capabilities of wearable devices. This review summarizes essential indicators for assessing cardiovascular health and provides a comprehensive introduction to commonly used non-invasive monitoring methods, including pulse pressure, photoplethysmography, electrocardiogram, bioimpedance analysis, seismocardiography/ ballistocardiography, and ultrasonography. Additionally, some impressive advances in wearable cardiovascular health monitoring technologies are reviewed and their integration with AI is highlighted, demonstrating typical application cases from recent years. Finally, the review discusses the current challenges of integrating AI into wearable devices for cardiovascular health monitoring, focusing on aspects from device design, algorithm optimization, comfort, reliability, and security. With the seamless integration of AI and wearable devices, a new generation of wearable intelligent devices promises to revolutionize the monitoring, prevention and management strategies of cardiovascular diseases.

长期以来，心血管疾病一直对人类健康构成重大威胁。可穿戴设备因其非侵入性、实时数据提供和持续监测能力，在心血管健康监测、疾病筛查和早期预警方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。心血管健康监测中的数据收集、处理和分析涉及大量重复性和标准化的任务，人工智能（AI）技术在其中发挥着举足轻重的作用。人工智能在处理大量数据方面尤为有效，从而提高了可穿戴设备的诊断和预测能力。本综述总结了评估心血管健康的基本指标，并全面介绍了常用的无创监测方法，包括脉压、光电血压计、心电图、生物阻抗分析、地震心动图/弹道心动图和超声波检查。此外，还回顾了可穿戴心血管健康监测技术的一些令人印象深刻的进展，并重点介绍了这些技术与人工智能的结合，展示了近年来的典型应用案例。最后，综述讨论了当前将人工智能集成到心血管健康监测可穿戴设备中的挑战，重点关注设备设计、算法优化、舒适性、可靠性和安全性等方面。随着人工智能与可穿戴设备的无缝整合，新一代可穿戴智能设备有望彻底改变心血管疾病的监测、预防和管理策略。

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