Combination of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi promotes Leymus chinensis growth and bioremediation of degraded grasslands in semi-arid regions
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Abstract
Purpose
Accelerated grassland degradation due to global climate change and intensified human activities necessitates green and sustainable ecological restoration measures. Microbial and organic fertilizer composites have shown positive effects in agricultural soil improvement. However, the effects on soil nutrient cycling and plant growth of microbial inoculants alone or in combination with organic fertilizers on the multifunctionality of natural ecosystems remain unclear.
Methods
This study explores the effects of Bacillus subtilis, Azotobacter salinestris, and Claroideoglomus lamellosum (added alone or in all possible combinations), applied in conjunction with organic fertilizers at different inoculation levels on the physicochemical properties of degraded soil, microbial factors, and Leymus chinensis plant biomass through pot experiments.
Results
Results indicate that combining organic fertilizers with B. subtilis, A. salinestris, and C. lamellosum enhances soil nutrient availability. Compared to single organic fertilizer treatments, all mixed inoculation schemes increased nutrient uptake. The combined inoculation of A. salinestris and C. lamellosum is most effective, resulting in a remarkable 465% increase in belowground biomass and significantly enhancing soil nutrient content, particularly with increases of 247% in NH + 4-N and 348% in NO- 3-N. Soil enrichment with external nutrients can influence the strength of their interactions with different factors.
Conclusions
The study demonstrates that co-inoculation of bacteria and fungi has a synergistic effect on increasing plant biomass and soil nutrient availability. This provides essential ecological theories and practical scientific evidence for using microorganisms to improve the ecological functions of degraded grasslands, maintain soil health, and ensure the sustainable development of grasslands.
期刊介绍：
Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.
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