Autonomous self-healing in a stretchable polybutadiene-based urethane and eutectic gallium indium conductive composite

Abstract

In the burgeoning field of wearable electronics, flexible and durable conductors that can maintain consistent electrical properties under various conditions are critically needed. This research introduces a novel composite material comprising eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn) and a polybutadiene-based urethane (PBU) specifically designed to address this challenge. EGaIn, renowned for its superior conductivity due to its liquid state at room temperature, is strategically combined with PBU, which offers inherent flexibility and remarkable self-healing capabilities derived from reversible Diels–Alder reactions. Additionally, the composite maintains exceptional electrical resistance stability, withstanding mechanical strains up to 135% without compromising performance. The material’s self-healing capability is attributed to the autonomous mending properties of EGaIn and the reversible Diels–Alder reactions in the PBU matrix. The result is an efficient restoration of the composite’s original properties upon incurring damage. Furthermore, the composite’s adaptability is showcased through its printability, allowing for precise patterning conducive to custom-designed wearable devices.