Role of Dalbergia sissoo as host species in physiological and molecular adaptation of sandalwood under individual and interactive salinity and water deficit stress
{"title":"Role of Dalbergia sissoo as host species in physiological and molecular adaptation of sandalwood under individual and interactive salinity and water deficit stress","authors":"Aarju Sharma , Ashwani Kumar , Sulekha Chahal , Pooja Dhansu , Raj Kumar , Shruti Kaushik , Bindu Battan , Parvender Sheoran , Poonam Choudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2024.100679","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of present study was to investigate the viability of cultivating white sandalwood (<em>Santalum album</em> L.) in sub-tropical India where farmers are primarily concerned with salinity stress and water deficit as well as different genes that regulate the growth. The present research was undertaken to explore the molecular mechanism of salinity and drought tolerance in sandalwood planted with <em>Dalbergia sissoo</em> (selected based on prior studies) by conducting an RBD experiment under water deficit (50 %), salinity stress (EC<em><sub>iw</sub></em> ∼ 8 ds/m) and combined 50 % water deficit and saline stress (EC<em><sub>iw</sub></em> ∼ 8 ds/m). After two years of imposed treatments, leaves were collected from sandalwood to study the relative gene expression of salinity tolerance (<em>SOS 1, NHX 1</em> and <em>NHX 2</em>), antioxidant enzymes (<em>SOD, CAT, APX</em> and <em>POX</em>), proline synthesis (<em>P5CS</em> and <em>P5CR</em>) and nitrogen metabolism (<em>NR, NIR, GS</em> and <em>GDH</em>) related genes using real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Different morpho-physiological and biochemical traits showed reduction under individual and interactive stresses except proline and Na<sup>+</sup> content as well as anti-oxidative enzyme activities. So far, gene expression studies have not been fully validated in sandalwood under abiotic stresses. The results displayed that <em>SOS 1, NHX 1, NHX 2, APX, POX, CAT, SOD, P5CS</em> and <em>P5CR</em> genes showed maximum expression under combined salinity and water deficit stress. On the other side, genes involved in nitrogen metabolism, i.e., <em>NR, NIR, GS</em> and <em>GDH</em> showed lowest expression under individual as well as interactive water deficit and salinity stress. The current study also highlights the significance of the host <em>D. sissoo</em> which may be good long-term host species in terms of stress tolerance mechanism at molecular level for sandalwood production under changing environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100679"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Plant Stress","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667064X24003324","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The aim of present study was to investigate the viability of cultivating white sandalwood (Santalum album L.) in sub-tropical India where farmers are primarily concerned with salinity stress and water deficit as well as different genes that regulate the growth. The present research was undertaken to explore the molecular mechanism of salinity and drought tolerance in sandalwood planted with Dalbergia sissoo (selected based on prior studies) by conducting an RBD experiment under water deficit (50 %), salinity stress (ECiw ∼ 8 ds/m) and combined 50 % water deficit and saline stress (ECiw ∼ 8 ds/m). After two years of imposed treatments, leaves were collected from sandalwood to study the relative gene expression of salinity tolerance (SOS 1, NHX 1 and NHX 2), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX and POX), proline synthesis (P5CS and P5CR) and nitrogen metabolism (NR, NIR, GS and GDH) related genes using real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Different morpho-physiological and biochemical traits showed reduction under individual and interactive stresses except proline and Na+ content as well as anti-oxidative enzyme activities. So far, gene expression studies have not been fully validated in sandalwood under abiotic stresses. The results displayed that SOS 1, NHX 1, NHX 2, APX, POX, CAT, SOD, P5CS and P5CR genes showed maximum expression under combined salinity and water deficit stress. On the other side, genes involved in nitrogen metabolism, i.e., NR, NIR, GS and GDH showed lowest expression under individual as well as interactive water deficit and salinity stress. The current study also highlights the significance of the host D. sissoo which may be good long-term host species in terms of stress tolerance mechanism at molecular level for sandalwood production under changing environmental conditions.
期刊介绍:
The journal Plant Stress deals with plant (or other photoautotrophs, such as algae, cyanobacteria and lichens) responses to abiotic and biotic stress factors that can result in limited growth and productivity. Such responses can be analyzed and described at a physiological, biochemical and molecular level. Experimental approaches/technologies aiming to improve growth and productivity with a potential for downstream validation under stress conditions will also be considered. Both fundamental and applied research manuscripts are welcome, provided that clear mechanistic hypotheses are made and descriptive approaches are avoided. In addition, high-quality review articles will also be considered, provided they follow a critical approach and stimulate thought for future research avenues.
Plant Stress welcomes high-quality manuscripts related (but not limited) to interactions between plants and:
Lack of water (drought) and excess (flooding),
Salinity stress,
Elevated temperature and/or low temperature (chilling and freezing),
Hypoxia and/or anoxia,
Mineral nutrient excess and/or deficiency,
Heavy metals and/or metalloids,
Plant priming (chemical, biological, physiological, nanomaterial, biostimulant) approaches for improved stress protection,
Viral, phytoplasma, bacterial and fungal plant-pathogen interactions.
The journal welcomes basic and applied research articles, as well as review articles and short communications. All submitted manuscripts will be subject to a thorough peer-reviewing process.