Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Pressure-Retarded Osmosis: Towards a Virtual Lab for Osmotic-Driven Process Simulations.

IF 3.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Membranes Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI:10.3390/membranes14110236
Meisam Mohammadi Amin, Ulrich Krühne
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Abstract

Pressure-Retarded Osmosis (PRO) is an osmotically driven membrane-based process that has recently garnered significant attention from researchers due to its potential for clean energy harvesting from salinity gradients. The complex interactions between mixed-mode channel flows and osmotic fluxes in real PRO membrane modules necessitate high-fidelity modeling approaches. In this work, an efficient CFD framework is developed for the 3D simulation of osmotically driven membrane processes. This approach is based on a two-way coupling between a CFD solver, which captures external concentration polarization (ECP) effects, and an analytical representation of internal concentration polarization (ICP). Consequently, the osmotic water flux and reverse salt flux (RSF) can be accurately determined, accounting for all CP effects without any limitations on the geometrical complexity of the membrane chamber or its flow mode/regime. The proposed model is validated against experimental data, showing good agreement across various PRO case studies. Additionally, the model's flexibility to simulate other types of osmotically driven processes such as forward osmosis (FO) is examined. Thus, the contributions of ECP and ICP effects in local osmotic pressure drop along the membrane chamber are comprehensively compared for FO and PRO modes. Finally, the capability of the CFD model to simulate a lab-scale PRO module is demonstrated across a range of Reynolds numbers from low-speed laminar up to turbulent flow regimes.

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压力阻滞渗透的计算流体动力学建模:实现渗透驱动过程模拟的虚拟实验室。
减压渗透(PRO)是一种基于渗透力驱动的膜过程,由于其具有从盐度梯度中获取清洁能源的潜力,最近引起了研究人员的极大关注。在实际的 PRO 膜组件中,混合模式通道流和渗透通量之间存在复杂的相互作用,因此有必要采用高保真建模方法。在这项工作中,为渗透驱动膜过程的三维模拟开发了一个高效的 CFD 框架。该方法基于捕捉外部浓度极化(ICP)效应的 CFD 求解器与内部浓度极化(ICP)分析表征之间的双向耦合。因此,可以准确确定渗透水流量和反向盐流量(RSF),同时考虑到所有浓度极化效应,而不会对膜室的几何复杂性或其流动模式/时间造成任何限制。根据实验数据对所提出的模型进行了验证,在各种 PRO 案例研究中显示出良好的一致性。此外,还考察了该模型模拟其他类型渗透驱动过程(如前向渗透(FO))的灵活性。因此,针对 FO 和 PRO 模式,全面比较了 ECP 和 ICP 效应对膜室沿线局部渗透压降的贡献。最后,在从低速层流到湍流的一系列雷诺数范围内,展示了 CFD 模型模拟实验室规模 PRO 模块的能力。
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来源期刊
Membranes
Membranes Chemical Engineering-Filtration and Separation
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
16.70%
发文量
1071
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Membranes (ISSN 2077-0375) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal of separation science and technology. It publishes reviews, research articles, communications and technical notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided.
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