Fluid Intelligence Partially Mediates the Effect of Working Memory on Speech Recognition in Noise.

IF 2.2 2区 医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research Pub Date : 2025-01-02 Epub Date: 2024-12-12 DOI:10.1044/2024_JSLHR-24-00465
Erik Marsja, Emil Holmer, Victoria Stenbäck, Andreea Micula, Carlos Tirado, Henrik Danielsson, Jerker Rönnberg
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Abstract

Purpose: Although the existing literature has explored the link between cognitive functioning and speech recognition in noise, the specific role of fluid intelligence still needs to be studied. Given the established association between working memory capacity (WMC) and fluid intelligence and the predictive power of WMC for speech recognition in noise, we aimed to elucidate the mediating role of fluid intelligence.

Method: We used data from the n200 study, a longitudinal investigation into aging, hearing ability, and cognitive functioning. We analyzed two age-matched samples: participants with hearing aids and a group with normal hearing. WMC was assessed using the Reading Span task, and fluid intelligence was measured with Raven's Progressive Matrices. Speech recognition in noise was evaluated using Hagerman sentences presented to target 80% speech-reception thresholds in four-talker babble. Data were analyzed using mediation analysis to examine fluid intelligence as a mediator between WMC and speech recognition in noise.

Results: We found a partial mediating effect of fluid intelligence on the relationship between WMC and speech recognition in noise, and that hearing status did not moderate this effect. In other words, WMC and fluid intelligence were related, and fluid intelligence partially explained the influence of WMC on speech recognition in noise.

Conclusions: This study shows the importance of fluid intelligence in speech recognition in noise, regardless of hearing status. Future research should use other advanced statistical techniques and explore various speech recognition tests and background maskers to deepen our understanding of the interplay between WMC and fluid intelligence in speech recognition.

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流体智力部分介导工作记忆对噪声环境下语音识别的影响。
目的:虽然现有文献已经探讨了噪声环境下认知功能与语音识别之间的联系,但流体智力的具体作用仍有待研究。鉴于工作记忆容量(WMC)与流体智力之间的关联以及WMC对噪声环境下语音识别的预测能力,我们旨在阐明流体智力的中介作用。方法:我们使用了n200研究的数据,这是一项关于衰老、听力能力和认知功能的纵向调查。我们分析了两个年龄匹配的样本:佩戴助听器的参与者和听力正常的参与者。WMC是用阅读广度任务来评估的,流体智力是用瑞文渐进矩阵来测量的。在噪声条件下,采用Hagerman句子对四口人牙牙学语的80%语音接收阈值进行评价。数据分析采用中介分析,以检验流体智力作为WMC和噪声语音识别之间的中介。结果:在噪声环境下,流体智力对WMC与语音识别之间的关系起部分中介作用,而听力状态不调节这一作用。换句话说,WMC与流体智力相关,流体智力部分解释了WMC对噪声环境下语音识别的影响。结论:本研究表明,无论听力状况如何,流体智力在噪声环境下语音识别中的重要性。未来的研究应利用其他先进的统计技术,探索各种语音识别测试和背景掩体,以加深我们对语音识别中WMC和流体智能之间相互作用的理解。
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来源期刊
Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research
Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY-REHABILITATION
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
19.20%
发文量
538
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Mission: JSLHR publishes peer-reviewed research and other scholarly articles on the normal and disordered processes in speech, language, hearing, and related areas such as cognition, oral-motor function, and swallowing. The journal is an international outlet for both basic research on communication processes and clinical research pertaining to screening, diagnosis, and management of communication disorders as well as the etiologies and characteristics of these disorders. JSLHR seeks to advance evidence-based practice by disseminating the results of new studies as well as providing a forum for critical reviews and meta-analyses of previously published work. Scope: The broad field of communication sciences and disorders, including speech production and perception; anatomy and physiology of speech and voice; genetics, biomechanics, and other basic sciences pertaining to human communication; mastication and swallowing; speech disorders; voice disorders; development of speech, language, or hearing in children; normal language processes; language disorders; disorders of hearing and balance; psychoacoustics; and anatomy and physiology of hearing.
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