Digital dermatitis in dairy cattle in Egypt: Herd-level risk factors and Treponema spp. prevalence across lesion M-scores

IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Veterinary journal Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106289
S.E. Salem , A. Monir , H.M. Abdallah , A.F. Mahmoud , H.A. Elsheikh , W. Refaai , A.B. Ahmed , H.E.M. Elsheikh , M. El-Sheikh , A. Mesalam
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Abstract

Digital dermatitis (DD) is an infectious disease of the digital skin of dairy cows that is associated with compromised animal welfare and significant economic losses. The hind feet of 16,098 dairy cows from 55 herds were examined in the milking parlor, and DD lesions identified were classified using the M-score system and swabbed for PCR testing. Swabs were also collected from hind feet with normal digital skin for comparison. Data on farm construction and lameness prevention measures were collected through direct observation and in-person interviews with farm managers. Herd-level risk factors for DD were investigated using mixed-effects logistic regression models, with Farm ID included as a random-effects variable. The average within-herd and herd prevalence of DD were 6.4 % (95 % CI: 4.9–8.0 %) and 92.7 % (n = 51, 95 % CI: 85.9–99.6 %), respectively. Among the investigated DD lesions, DD-associated treponemes were identified at frequencies of 87 % for Treponema spp., 87.5 % for T. medium, 86.2 % for T. phagedenis-like, and 78.3 % for T. pedis. Additionally, Fusobacterium necrophorum and Dichelobacter nodosus were identified at frequencies of 37 % and 15.4 %, respectively. Samples from normal digital skin exhibited substantially lower frequencies for all bacterial species investigated. Risk factors significantly associated with DD in the final multivariable model included practice of preventive early lactation trimming (OR=0.45, 95 % CI: 0.26–0.78) and the presence of an abrasive bedding on farms (OR=1.6, 95 % CI: 1.01–2.6). This comprehensive molecular and epidemiological analysis enhances understanding of DD etiology in Egypt and contributes to the development of effective control programs to improve cow welfare and support the sustainability of milk production.
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埃及奶牛的数字皮炎:群体水平的危险因素和密螺旋体在病变m评分中的患病率。
数字皮炎(DD)是奶牛数字皮肤的一种传染性疾病,与动物福利受损和重大经济损失有关。我们在挤奶厅对 55 个牧场的 16,098 头奶牛的后足进行了检查,采用 M 评分系统对发现的 DD 病变进行了分类,并采集拭子进行 PCR 检测。同时还采集了后足正常数字皮肤的拭子进行对比。通过直接观察和与牧场管理人员面谈,收集有关牧场建设和跛足预防措施的数据。采用混合效应逻辑回归模型研究牛群层面的跛足风险因素,并将猪场 ID 作为随机效应变量。牛群内和牛群中 DD 的平均发病率分别为 6.4% (95% CI: 4.9-8.0%) 和 92.7% (n=51, 95% CI: 85.9-99.6%)。在所调查的 DD 病变中,与 DD 相关的颤抖病原菌的频率分别为:颤抖病原菌 87%、中型颤抖病原菌 87.5%、类颤抖病原菌 86.2%、足型颤抖病原菌 78.3%。此外,还发现了坏死镰刀菌(Fusobacterium necrophorum)和结节双歧杆菌(Dichelobacter nodosus),发现率分别为 37% 和 15.4%。正常数字皮肤样本中所有细菌种类的检出率都低得多。在最终的多变量模型中,与 DD 明显相关的风险因素包括泌乳早期的预防性修剪(OR=0.45,95% CI:0.26-0.78)和猪场中是否存在研磨垫料(OR=1.6,95% CI:1.01-2.6)。这项全面的分子和流行病学分析加深了人们对埃及DD病因的了解,有助于制定有效的控制计划,改善奶牛福利,支持牛奶生产的可持续性。
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来源期刊
Veterinary journal
Veterinary journal 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
4.50%
发文量
79
审稿时长
40 days
期刊介绍: The Veterinary Journal (established 1875) publishes worldwide contributions on all aspects of veterinary science and its related subjects. It provides regular book reviews and a short communications section. The journal regularly commissions topical reviews and commentaries on features of major importance. Research areas include infectious diseases, applied biochemistry, parasitology, endocrinology, microbiology, immunology, pathology, pharmacology, physiology, molecular biology, immunogenetics, surgery, ophthalmology, dermatology and oncology.
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