Combined effects of fluoroquinolone antibiotic enrofloxacin and rising sea temperatures on the health of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis): exploring physiological, biochemical, and energetic balance dynamics.
J. Giannessi, V. Meucci, L. Intorre, A. Cuccaro, R. Freitas, L. De Marchi, G. Monni, M. Baratti, Pretti C
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Human activity exposes organisms in marine ecosystems to numerous stressors, including rising seawater temperatures and antibiotic contamination. The present study investigated the impacts of environmentally relevant concentrations of the fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotic enrofloxacin (ENR), specifically 5 and 500 ng/L, in Mytilus galloprovincialis under ambient (20 °C) and predicted warming (25 °C) conditions after 14 days of exposure, followed by a 14-day recovery period in the absence of ENR. The chemical analyses revealed significant variability in bioaccumulation in mussel tissues. Physiological assessments showed decreased respiration and filtration rates post-exposure, with temperature-dependent recovery dynamics. Biochemical parameters indicated an increased metabolic capacity and energy reserves at higher temperatures, with a significant increase in energy expenditure. Notably, ENR induced significant DNA single-strand breaks in mussel gills and digestive glands, with temperature influencing DNA repair mechanisms. The combination of ENR and elevated temperatures exhibited additive or even synergistic effects on certain physiological and biochemical parameters, indicating a higher risk when these stressors act together. The Indipendent Action model (IA) results highlighted that the majority of observed effects in combined stressors were consistent with predicted values, with notable synergistic interactions in energy reserves and antagonistic responses in metabolic and physiological functions. These findings suggest that both stressors, acting alone and especially in combination, may pose a risk to marine bivalves such as mussels. Further research is needed to assess the impacts of FQs and ocean warming on ecosystem stability and non-target organisms.
期刊介绍:
Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health.
Subject areas include, but are not limited to:
• Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies;
• Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change;
• Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects;
• Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects;
• Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest;
• New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.