Burden of rotavirus and adenovirus gastroenteritis in children and adults hospitalized in two geo-climatically different provinces of Sri Lanka.

Abstract

Acute gastroenteritis is common in infants and children of Sri Lanka. There is limited information on the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants and children in Sri Lanka but none in adults. Adenovirus gastroenteritis is not previously reported in Sri Lanka. This study is aimed to determine the viral etiology of acute gastroenteritis in hospitalized infants, children and adults of two geo-climatically different provinces of Sri Lanka. Diarrhoeic specimens from patients hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Western (n = 300) and Central (n = 271) provinces of Sri Lanka were tested for rotavirus and enteric adenovirus antigens by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. In Western and Central provinces, overall positivity was 25.3 and 44.7% for rotavirus, 1.7 and 3.3% for enteric adenoviruses and, 0.7 and 1.5% for co-infections with rotavirus and adenovirus respectively. In children of Western and Central provinces, the positivity was 32.1 and 52.9% for rotavirus, and 2.2 and 3.4% for enteric adenoviruses respectively, whereas among adults, the positivity was 13.9 and 15.6% for rotavirus, and 0.9 and 0% for enteric adenoviruses respectively. Occurrence of rotavirus gastroenteritis in hospitalized children is significantly higher compared to adults in both Western and Central provinces. Adenovirus gastroenteritis in Sri Lanka occurs at a very low frequency with no significant difference between children and adults in both provinces. Rotavirus and adenovirus co-infection also occurs at a very low frequency.