The Mini-Cog: A Community Screening Tool for Dementia in Indonesia

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI:10.1002/gps.70033

Yuda Turana, Nicolas Farina, Imelda Theresia, Tara Puspitarini Sani, Ika Suswanti, Fasihah Irfani Fitri, Emiliano Albanese, Adelina Comas-Herrera, Martin Knapp, Sube Banerjee

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Abstract

Background

Early detection of dementia enables more effective planning and can enable access to treatment and support. The Mini-Cog is a widely used screening instrument in Indonesia; however, this instrument has never undergone a translation and cultural adaptation process. Currently, there is no data on how accurate the tool is against diagnostic criteria, particularly in low-education.

Methods

Embedded within the community-based dementia prevalence study was the Strengthening Responses to Dementia in Developing Countries (STRiDE) project; older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) were randomly recruited from sites in Jakarta and North Sumatra, Indonesia. All participants were asked to complete the Mini-Cog and the 10/66 short dementia diagnostic schedule. The accuracy of three Mini-Cog algorithms (Mini-Cog1, Mini-Cog2, and Mini-Cog3) were compared against and the 10/66 short dementia diagnostic schedule. Additional analysis explored its performance accuracy at different educational levels.

Results

The Mini-Cog test performance assessment was conducted on 2098 older adults

The area under the curve (AUC) of Mini-Cog1, Mini-Cog2, and Mini-Cog3 receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were 0.66, 0.62, and 0.64, respectively. All algorithms demonstrated high sensitivity (Sv) but low specificity (Sp). (Mini-Cog1: Sv 83.2%; Sp 49.2%, Mini-Cog2: Sv 87.1%; Sp 37.8% and Mini-Cog3: Sv 72.5%; Sp 56%). All algorithms showed no affected by education. Only 59.1% of people without dementia could do the CDT.

Conclusions

The high sensitivity of the Mini-Cog1 algorithm lends itself to screening purposes. Given that the specificity is still low, and less than 60% of patients without dementia can complete the CDT. Further research is needed, as is the development of screening instruments with high accuracy values in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in Indonesia.

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背景：及早发现痴呆症可以更有效地制定计划，并获得治疗和支持。迷你脑电图（Mini-Cog）是印尼广泛使用的筛查工具，但该工具从未经过翻译和文化适应过程。目前，还没有数据显示该工具对照诊断标准的准确性如何，尤其是在教育程度较低的人群中：以社区为基础的痴呆症患病率研究中包含了 "加强发展中国家痴呆症应对措施"（STRiDE）项目；从印度尼西亚雅加达和北苏门答腊的研究地点随机招募老年人（年龄≥ 65 岁）。所有参与者都被要求完成迷你慢动作和 10/66 简短痴呆诊断表。将三种 Mini-Cog 算法（Mini-Cog1、Mini-Cog2 和 Mini-Cog3 ）的准确性与 10/66 简短痴呆诊断表进行了比较。此外，还对不同教育水平下的测试准确性进行了分析：Mini-Cog1、Mini-Cog2 和 Mini-Cog3 接收操作者特征曲线（ROC）的曲线下面积（AUC）分别为 0.66、0.62 和 0.64。所有算法都表现出较高的灵敏度（Sv）和较低的特异性（Sp）。(Mini-Cog1: Sv 83.2%; Sp 49.2%，Mini-Cog2：Sv：87.1%；Sp：37.8%；Mini-Cog3：Sv：72.5%；Sp：56%）。所有算法均不受教育程度的影响。只有 59.1%的非痴呆症患者可以完成 CDT：Mini-Cog1 算法的灵敏度很高，适合用于筛查。结论：Mini-Cog1 算法的灵敏度较高，适合用于筛查，但特异性仍然较低，只有不到 60% 的无痴呆症患者可以完成 CDT。在中低收入国家，尤其是在印度尼西亚，还需要进一步研究和开发具有高准确度值的筛查工具。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

2.50%

发文量

168

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The rapidly increasing world population of aged people has led to a growing need to focus attention on the problems of mental disorder in late life. The aim of the Journal is to communicate the results of original research in the causes, treatment and care of all forms of mental disorder which affect the elderly. The Journal is of interest to psychiatrists, psychologists, social scientists, nurses and others engaged in therapeutic professions, together with general neurobiological researchers. The Journal provides an international perspective on the important issue of geriatric psychiatry, and contributions are published from countries throughout the world. Topics covered include epidemiology of mental disorders in old age, clinical aetiological research, post-mortem pathological and neurochemical studies, treatment trials and evaluation of geriatric psychiatry services.