Yu Hong Law, Bruno H Pypendop, Juhana Honkavaara, Linda S Barter
{"title":"Characterization of the anesthetic effects of dexmedetomidine-vatinoxan-ketamine combinations in cats.","authors":"Yu Hong Law, Bruno H Pypendop, Juhana Honkavaara, Linda S Barter","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize the anesthetic effects of dexmedetomidine, vatinoxan and ketamine combinations in cats.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Randomized crossover experimental study.</p><p><strong>Animals: </strong>A group of seven healthy male neutered cats, with body mass 5.2 ± 0.4 kg and aged 1-2 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cats were implanted with a telemetric transmitter for remote recording of mean arterial pressure and heart rate before beginning the study. Each cat received a total of six treatments, coadministered in a single syringe, each at least 2 weeks apart: dexmedetomidine (25 μg kg<sup>-1</sup>, D) + vatinoxan (600 μg kg<sup>-1</sup>, V) + ketamine (2.5 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>, K2.5) intramuscularly (IM) (DVK2.5IM); D + V + ketamine (5 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>, K5) IM (DVK5IM); D + V + ketamine (10 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>, K10) IM (DVK10IM); D + K5 IM (DK5IM); D + V + K5 subcutaneously (SC) (DVK5SC); or D + V + K5 intravenously (IV) (DVK5IV). Select physiologic variables and time to recumbency, immobilization, first movement, head lift, return to sternal recumbency and walking were recorded. Quality of sedation/anesthesia was assessed using a visual analog score. Response to noxious electrical stimulation was assessed at 10 minute intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Heart rate (beats minute<sup>-1</sup>) was significantly greater in DVK5IM (overall mean ± standard deviation 142 ± 19) than in DK5IM (115 ± 16). No treatment consistently prevented movement in response to noxious stimulation. Time to first movement was significantly shorter in DVK2.5IM (45 ± 10 minutes) than in DVK10IM (93 ± 25 minutes), and in DVK5IM (53 ± 12 minutes) than in DK5IM (95 ± 39 minutes).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Dexmedetomidine-vatinoxan-ketamine combinations, at the doses studied, may be useful to produce sedation, but do not appear to consistently produce anesthesia as characterized by immobility in response to noxious stimulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaa.2024.12.002","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective: To characterize the anesthetic effects of dexmedetomidine, vatinoxan and ketamine combinations in cats.
Study design: Randomized crossover experimental study.
Animals: A group of seven healthy male neutered cats, with body mass 5.2 ± 0.4 kg and aged 1-2 years.
Methods: Cats were implanted with a telemetric transmitter for remote recording of mean arterial pressure and heart rate before beginning the study. Each cat received a total of six treatments, coadministered in a single syringe, each at least 2 weeks apart: dexmedetomidine (25 μg kg-1, D) + vatinoxan (600 μg kg-1, V) + ketamine (2.5 mg kg-1, K2.5) intramuscularly (IM) (DVK2.5IM); D + V + ketamine (5 mg kg-1, K5) IM (DVK5IM); D + V + ketamine (10 mg kg-1, K10) IM (DVK10IM); D + K5 IM (DK5IM); D + V + K5 subcutaneously (SC) (DVK5SC); or D + V + K5 intravenously (IV) (DVK5IV). Select physiologic variables and time to recumbency, immobilization, first movement, head lift, return to sternal recumbency and walking were recorded. Quality of sedation/anesthesia was assessed using a visual analog score. Response to noxious electrical stimulation was assessed at 10 minute intervals.
Results: Heart rate (beats minute-1) was significantly greater in DVK5IM (overall mean ± standard deviation 142 ± 19) than in DK5IM (115 ± 16). No treatment consistently prevented movement in response to noxious stimulation. Time to first movement was significantly shorter in DVK2.5IM (45 ± 10 minutes) than in DVK10IM (93 ± 25 minutes), and in DVK5IM (53 ± 12 minutes) than in DK5IM (95 ± 39 minutes).
Conclusions and clinical relevance: Dexmedetomidine-vatinoxan-ketamine combinations, at the doses studied, may be useful to produce sedation, but do not appear to consistently produce anesthesia as characterized by immobility in response to noxious stimulation.
期刊介绍：
Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia is the official journal of the Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists, the American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia and the European College of Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia. Its purpose is the publication of original, peer reviewed articles covering all branches of anaesthesia and the relief of pain in animals. Articles concerned with the following subjects related to anaesthesia and analgesia are also welcome:
the basic sciences;
pathophysiology of disease as it relates to anaesthetic management
equipment
intensive care
chemical restraint of animals including laboratory animals, wildlife and exotic animals
welfare issues associated with pain and distress
education in veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia.
Review articles, special articles, and historical notes will also be published, along with editorials, case reports in the form of letters to the editor, and book reviews. There is also an active correspondence section.
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
分享
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
扫码关注我们
