Efficacy of Using Photobiomodulation Therapy in Allergic Rhinitis: A Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial.

Abstract

Background: Recent studies have extensively explored new non-invasive and side-effect-free therapeutic strategies for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) utilizes photons from the red to infrared spectrum to modulate biological processes, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties. The objective of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of PBMT in patients with AR.

Methods: This study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial involving 62 patients with AR. Participants underwent PBMT twice weekly, totaling eight sessions over the course of 1 month. The control group consisted of 29 patients who received treatment with a non-light-emitting device, while 33 patients in the laser therapy group received a protocol of 6 J of red and infrared light administered intranasally, along with 1 J of infrared light applied externally to the nose. Objective, psychophysical, and subjective assessments of nasal obstruction and olfactory function were conducted both before and after the treatment.

Results: PBMT contributed to significant improvements in various nasal and respiratory parameters. The peak nasal inspiratory flow demonstrated significant improvement (p < 0.001), and the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale indicated notable enhancement in nasal obstruction (p = 0.048). Additionally, the Rhinitis Control Assessment Test reflected significant symptom improvement over the past week (p = 0.035). However, the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test showed no significant change in olfactory function (p = 0.251).

Conclusion: Our data suggest that PBMT may serve as a promising therapeutic option for individuals with AR, providing an alternative for those who are unable to tolerate conventional medications. Furthermore, it demonstrates efficacy and safety as a viable treatment alternative.