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Pathologic dural invasion is associated with regional recurrence in olfactory neuroblastoma: A multi-institutional study. 病理硬膜侵犯与嗅觉神经母细胞瘤的区域复发有关:一项多机构研究。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23489
Anthony Tang, Suchet Taori, Nicholas Fung, Joao Paulo Almeida, Pierre-Olivier Champagne, Juan C Fernandez-Miranda, Paul Gardner, Peter H Hwang, Jayakar V Nayak, Chirag Patel, Zara M Patel, Maria Peris Celda, Carlos Pinheiro-Neto, Olabisi Sanusi, Carl Snyderman, Brian D Thorp, Jamie J Van Gompel, Georgios A Zenonos, Nathan T Zwagerman, Eric W Wang, Mathew Geltzeiler, Garret Choby

Objective: Neck metastases are a poor prognostic factor in olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB). Pathologic dural invasion (pathDI) may increase the risk of neck metastases due to invasion of dural lymphatics. We aim to evaluate the prognostic value of pathDI in predicting rates of neck metastases and recurrence using a large, multicenter database of ONB patients.

Data sources: Retrospective review of a prospective, multicenter database of electronic health records of all patients who presented with ONB between 2005 and 2021 at nine tertiary academic care centers within North America.

Review methods: Clinicopathologic features including modified Kadish staging systems, margin status, treatment modalities, Hyams grading, follow-up time, and survival.

Results: Of 258 ONB patients, 189 patients met the inclusion criteria. The 10-year neck recurrence-free survival (neck-RFS) rates were 85.7% (75.6‒97.3) and 61.8% (47.9‒79.8) for patients without and with pathDI, respectively (p = 0.018). Time-to-event multivariable regression analysis found pathDI to have an odds ratios of 9.7 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-80.4, p = 0.04) for neck-RFS and 9.5 for RFS at any site (95% CI 1.1-83.3, p = 0.04).

Conclusion: In multivariable analysis, the presence of pathDI appears to be the strongest predictor of neck recurrence and recurrence at any site. Future studies exploring the benefit of elective neck dissection or radiation for patients with pathDI may impact disease management.

目的:颈部转移是嗅觉神经母细胞瘤(ONB)的不良预后因素:颈部转移是嗅觉神经母细胞瘤(ONB)预后不良的一个因素。病理性硬膜侵犯(pathDI)可能会因硬膜淋巴管的侵犯而增加颈部转移的风险。我们的目的是利用一个大型多中心ONB患者数据库,评估病理性硬膜浸润在预测颈部转移率和复发率方面的预后价值:对北美九家三级学术护理中心 2005 年至 2021 年间所有 ONB 患者电子健康记录的前瞻性多中心数据库进行回顾性回顾:临床病理特征包括改良的凯迪什分期系统、边缘状态、治疗方式、海姆斯分级、随访时间和生存期:结果:在258例ONB患者中,189例符合纳入标准。无病理DI和有病理DI患者的10年颈部无复发生存率(neck-RFS)分别为85.7%(75.6-97.3)和61.8%(47.9-79.8)(p = 0.018)。时间到事件多变量回归分析发现,路径指示对颈部RFS的几率比为9.7(95% 置信区间[CI] 1.2-80.4,P = 0.04),对任何部位RFS的几率比为9.5(95% CI 1.1-83.3,P = 0.04):在多变量分析中,PathDI的存在似乎是颈部复发和任何部位复发的最强预测因素。未来的研究将探索选择性颈部切除术或放射治疗对病理DI患者的益处,这可能会对疾病管理产生影响。
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引用次数: 0
Aging and frailty are associated with inflammatory endotypic shifts in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. 衰老和虚弱与慢性鼻炎患者的炎症内型转变有关。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23484
Mason R Krysinski, Christina Dorismond, Yash Trivedi, Rory Lubner, Andrea A Lopez, Kolin Rubel, Rakesh K Chandra, Naweed I Chowdhury, Justin H Turner

Key points: Frailty and aging are associated with a shift toward non-type 2 inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Frailty-related shifts in sinonasal inflammatory mediators may be linked to biological senescence. Understanding the role of aging and frailty in CRS may have important treatment implications.

要点:虚弱和衰老与慢性鼻窦炎(CRS)向非 2 型炎症转变有关。与衰弱相关的鼻窦炎症介质的变化可能与生物衰老有关。了解衰老和虚弱在 CRS 中的作用可能会对治疗产生重要影响。
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引用次数: 0
Hops bitter β-acids have antibacterial effects against sinonasal Staphylococcus aureus but also induce sinonasal cilia and mitochondrial dysfunction. 啤酒花苦味β-酸对鼻窦金黄色葡萄球菌有抗菌作用,但也会诱发鼻窦纤毛和线粒体功能障碍。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23487
Yobouet Ines Kouakou, Joel C Thompson, Li Hui Tan, Zoey A Miller, Ray Z Ma, Nithin D Adappa, James N Palmer, Noam A Cohen, Robert J Lee

Background: Routine prescription of antibiotics to treat chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) exacerbations may contribute to the propagation of antibiotic resistance. Hops bitter β-acids lupulone and colupulone possess potent antibacterial activities and, as T2R1, T2R14, and/or T2R40 agonists, may improve the impaired mucociliary clearance described in CRS patients. We investigated these molecules as alternative treatments to antibiotics in CRS management based on their antibacterial and T2Rs agonists properties.

Methods: Human nasal primary cells (HNECs) and RPMI2650 cells cultures were used as study models. T2Rs expression in cell culture models and human nasal tissue was assessed using immunofluorescence, quantitative PCR, and Western blot. We performed calcium imaging and cilia beat frequency experiments to investigate T2Rs activation in study models in response to lupulone and colupulone stimulations. Finally, we studied hops β-acids cytotoxicity on cells using CellEvent, crystal violet, lactate dehydrogenase assays, immunofluorescence, and transepithelial electrical resistance assays.

Results: We confirmed lupulone and colupulone potent antibacterial effect on CRS-relevant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus but found minimal impact on P. aeruginosa. We also report T2R1, T2R14 and T2R40 expression in HNECs and RPMI2650 cell cultures. Lupulone and colupulone induced an increase in cytosolic calcium that appeared dependent on T2Rs signaling. This response was accompanied by mitochondrial membrane depolarization, cellular energy stress, decreased cell proliferation, ciliostasis, and HNECs remodeling after a single exposure to lupulone at micromolar concentrations.

Conclusion: Our data suggest that hops β-acids may not be beneficial as treatments in CRS patients and instead contribute to the disease by impairing cell health and further deteriorating the MCC.

背景:常规使用抗生素治疗慢性鼻炎(CRS)恶化可能会导致抗生素耐药性的传播。啤酒花苦味β-酸露布酮(lupulone)和可露布酮(colupulone)具有很强的抗菌活性,而且作为T2R1、T2R14和/或T2R40激动剂,可改善CRS患者粘膜纤毛清除受损的情况。基于这些分子的抗菌和 T2Rs 激动剂特性,我们研究了这些分子作为抗生素治疗 CRS 的替代疗法。采用免疫荧光、定量 PCR 和 Western 印迹法评估细胞培养模型和人鼻组织中 T2Rs 的表达。我们进行了钙成像和纤毛跳动频率实验,以研究研究模型在鲁布隆和可乐定刺激下的 T2Rs 激活情况。最后,我们使用 CellEvent、水晶紫、乳酸脱氢酶测定、免疫荧光和跨上皮电阻测定法研究了啤酒花β-酸对细胞的细胞毒性:结果:我们证实了羽扇豆酮和可乐定对 CRS 相关的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌具有强效抗菌作用,但对铜绿假单胞菌的影响微乎其微。我们还报告了 T2R1、T2R14 和 T2R40 在 HNECs 和 RPMI2650 细胞培养物中的表达情况。露勃龙和考布龙诱导细胞膜钙增加,这似乎依赖于 T2Rs 信号传导。这种反应伴随着线粒体膜去极化、细胞能量应激、细胞增殖减少、纤毛停滞以及单次暴露于微摩尔浓度的鲁布隆后的 HNECs 重塑:我们的数据表明,啤酒花β-酸作为CRS患者的治疗药物可能并无益处,反而会通过损害细胞健康和进一步恶化MCC而加重病情。
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引用次数: 0
Real-world predictors of dupilumab prescription in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. 预测慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者杜必鲁单抗处方的实际因素。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23483
Christina Dorismond, Mason R Krysinski, Yash Trivedi, Rory J Lubner, Rakesh K Chandra, Naweed I Chowdhury, Justin H Turner

Background: Despite increasing dupilumab use for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), little is known about the factors influencing its use in real-world practice. We aimed to identify factors that may predict dupilumab prescription in CRSwNP patients who have undergone endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).

Methods: A single-institution, retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent ESS for CRSwNP between 2015 and 2023 was conducted. Demographics, comorbidities, 22-item sinonasal outcome test (SNOT-22) scores, and dupilumab prescription date were extracted from patient records. Intraoperative nasal mucus cytokine levels were measured using a multiplex bead assay. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with dupilumab prescription, and multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for surgery date.

Results: A total of 299 CRSwNP patients were included, including seventy (23.4%) who were prescribed dupilumab postoperatively. Patients were more likely to be prescribed dupilumab if they had asthma (odds ratio [OR] 2.304), aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD, OR 3.375), elevated tissue eosinophils (OR 1.005), and higher 3-month postoperative SNOT-22 scores (OR 1.027). Patients prescribed dupilumab also had greater odds of having elevated mucus interleukin (IL)-5 (OR 1.128) and IL-13 (OR 1.213). When adjusting for surgery date, associated factors included: asthma (OR 2.444), AERD (OR 3.750), allergic rhinitis (OR 1.833), higher tissue eosinophils (OR 1.005), elevated 3-month SNOT-22 scores (OR 1.028), and higher IL-5 (OR 1.123) and IL-13 (OR 1.202) levels.

Conclusion: Asthma, AERD, allergic rhinitis, and elevated tissue eosinophil, IL-5, and IL-13 levels are predictive of dupilumab prescription in CRSwNP patients. These may serve as clinical and inflammatory biomarkers and can aid in counseling patients about expected disease trajectory.

背景:尽管越来越多的慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉(CRSwNP)患者使用杜度单抗,但人们对其在实际应用中的影响因素知之甚少。我们的目的是找出可预测接受过内窥镜鼻窦手术(ESS)的 CRSwNP 患者使用杜卢单抗处方的因素:我们对 2015 年至 2023 年期间因 CRSwNP 而接受内窥镜鼻窦手术的患者进行了一项单一机构的回顾性队列研究。研究人员从患者病历中提取了患者的人口统计学特征、合并症、22项鼻窦结果测试(SNOT-22)评分以及杜必鲁单抗处方日期。术中鼻腔粘液细胞因子水平采用多重串珠检测法进行测量。进行单变量逻辑回归分析以确定与杜杜单抗处方相关的因素,并使用多变量逻辑回归调整手术日期:结果:共纳入了 299 例 CRSwNP 患者,其中 70 例(23.4%)术后使用了杜比单抗。如果患者患有哮喘(几率比 [OR] 2.304)、阿司匹林加重的呼吸系统疾病(AERD,OR 3.375)、组织嗜酸性粒细胞升高(OR 1.005)以及术后 3 个月 SNOT-22 评分较高(OR 1.027),则更有可能被处方杜普鲁单抗。开具杜普鲁单抗处方的患者出现粘液白细胞介素 (IL)-5 升高(OR 1.128)和 IL-13 升高(OR 1.213)的几率也更大。调整手术日期后,相关因素包括:哮喘(OR 2.444)、AERD(OR 3.750)、过敏性鼻炎(OR 1.833)、组织嗜酸性粒细胞升高(OR 1.005)、3 个月 SNOT-22 评分升高(OR 1.028)、IL-5(OR 1.123)和 IL-13 (OR 1.202)水平升高:结论:哮喘、AERD、过敏性鼻炎以及组织嗜酸性粒细胞、IL-5 和 IL-13 水平升高可预测 CRSwNP 患者的杜匹单抗处方。这些可作为临床和炎症生物标记物,有助于向患者提供有关预期疾病轨迹的咨询。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of mucosal barrier disruption due to Staphylococcus lugdunensis and Staphylococcus epidermidis exoproteins in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. 评估慢性鼻窦炎患者因卢格登金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌外蛋白而导致的粘膜屏障破坏。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23481
Mahnaz Ramezanpour, Sholeh Feizi, Hashan Dilendra Paththini Arachchige, George Bouras, Clare Cooksley, Gohar Shaghayegh, Peter-John Wormald, Alkis James Psaltis, Sarah Vreugde

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a persistent inflammatory condition of the sinus mucosa. While Staphylococcus aureus has been shown to play a significant role in mucosal barrier disruption in CRS patients, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus lugdunensis are also implicated in CRS pathophysiology. This study investigates the effects of exoproteins secreted by planktonic and biofilm forms of clinical isolates of S. epidermidis and S. lugdunensis on the nasal epithelial barrier.

Methods: Thirty-one clinical isolates of CoNS were grown in planktonic and biofilm forms, and their exoproteins were concentrated. The epithelial barrier structure was assessed by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran. Toxicity and inflammatory response were also studied.

Results: Our findings demonstrate that exoproteins from all planktonic forms of S. lugdunensis disrupted the mucosal barrier, whereas only nine of 16 biofilm-derived exoproteins had similar effects. Conversely, 11 of 15 exoproteins from planktonic S. epidermidis significantly disrupted barrier integrity; however, biofilm exoproteins did not. The study also showed that some exoproteins from planktonic S. epidermidis significantly reduced cell viability, while exoproteins from planktonic and biofilm forms of S. lugdunensis and biofilm S. epidermidis did not induce any statistically significant change in cell viability. Notably, four of 16 biofilm exoproteins from S. lugdunensis induced higher interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion, whereas none of the S. epidermidis isolates showed a significant increase in IL-6 secretion.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that CoNS exoproteins may contribute to CRS etiopathogenesis.

背景:慢性鼻窦炎(CRS)是鼻窦粘膜的一种持续性炎症。虽然金黄色葡萄球菌已被证明在 CRS 患者的粘膜屏障破坏中起着重要作用,但凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CoNS),如表皮葡萄球菌和卢格杜恩葡萄球菌也与 CRS 的病理生理学有关。本研究调查了表皮葡萄球菌和卢格杜恩葡萄球菌临床分离株的浮游和生物膜形态分泌的外蛋白质对鼻腔上皮屏障的影响:方法:以浮游生物和生物膜形式培养 31 株临床分离的 CoNS,并浓缩其外源性蛋白。通过测量经上皮电阻(TEER)和异硫氰酸荧光素-葡聚糖的渗透性来评估上皮屏障结构。此外还研究了毒性和炎症反应:结果:我们的研究结果表明,来自所有浮游形态 S. lugdunensis 的外切蛋白都会破坏粘膜屏障,而 16 种生物膜衍生的外切蛋白中只有 9 种具有类似作用。相反,来自浮游表皮葡萄球菌的 15 种外源蛋白中有 11 种会明显破坏屏障的完整性,而生物膜外源蛋白则不会。研究还表明,浮游表皮葡萄球菌的一些外显蛋白会显著降低细胞活力,而浮游和生物膜形式的卢格杜氏菌以及生物膜表皮葡萄球菌的外显蛋白不会引起细胞活力发生任何统计学意义上的显著变化。值得注意的是,在来自 S. lugdunensis 的 16 种生物膜外蛋白中,有 4 种能诱导白细胞介素-6(IL-6)分泌增加,而 S. epidermidis 分离物的 IL-6 分泌均无明显增加:结论:我们的研究结果表明,CoNS外源蛋白可能是CRS的发病机制之一。
{"title":"Evaluation of mucosal barrier disruption due to Staphylococcus lugdunensis and Staphylococcus epidermidis exoproteins in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.","authors":"Mahnaz Ramezanpour, Sholeh Feizi, Hashan Dilendra Paththini Arachchige, George Bouras, Clare Cooksley, Gohar Shaghayegh, Peter-John Wormald, Alkis James Psaltis, Sarah Vreugde","doi":"10.1002/alr.23481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a persistent inflammatory condition of the sinus mucosa. While Staphylococcus aureus has been shown to play a significant role in mucosal barrier disruption in CRS patients, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus lugdunensis are also implicated in CRS pathophysiology. This study investigates the effects of exoproteins secreted by planktonic and biofilm forms of clinical isolates of S. epidermidis and S. lugdunensis on the nasal epithelial barrier.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-one clinical isolates of CoNS were grown in planktonic and biofilm forms, and their exoproteins were concentrated. The epithelial barrier structure was assessed by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran. Toxicity and inflammatory response were also studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that exoproteins from all planktonic forms of S. lugdunensis disrupted the mucosal barrier, whereas only nine of 16 biofilm-derived exoproteins had similar effects. Conversely, 11 of 15 exoproteins from planktonic S. epidermidis significantly disrupted barrier integrity; however, biofilm exoproteins did not. The study also showed that some exoproteins from planktonic S. epidermidis significantly reduced cell viability, while exoproteins from planktonic and biofilm forms of S. lugdunensis and biofilm S. epidermidis did not induce any statistically significant change in cell viability. Notably, four of 16 biofilm exoproteins from S. lugdunensis induced higher interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion, whereas none of the S. epidermidis isolates showed a significant increase in IL-6 secretion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that CoNS exoproteins may contribute to CRS etiopathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Guidance for the evaluation by payors of claims submitted using Current Procedural Terminology codes 95165, 95115, and 95117. 付款人对使用当前程序术语代码 95165、95115 和 95117 提交的报销申请进行评估的指南。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23480
J Allen Meadows, Gary N Gross, Anita N Wasan, Dole P Baker, Amber Patterson, Robert Puchalski, Anil Nanda, Jami Lucas, J Wesley Sublett, Paul V Williams
{"title":"Guidance for the evaluation by payors of claims submitted using Current Procedural Terminology codes 95165, 95115, and 95117.","authors":"J Allen Meadows, Gary N Gross, Anita N Wasan, Dole P Baker, Amber Patterson, Robert Puchalski, Anil Nanda, Jami Lucas, J Wesley Sublett, Paul V Williams","doi":"10.1002/alr.23480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23480","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Surgery versus biologics for nasal polyposis: Perspective on contemporary data. 鼻息肉病的手术治疗与生物制剂治疗:当代数据透视。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23486
Michael J Ye, Rodney J Schlosser, Zachary M Soler, Jonathan B Overdevest, David A Gudis
{"title":"Surgery versus biologics for nasal polyposis: Perspective on contemporary data.","authors":"Michael J Ye, Rodney J Schlosser, Zachary M Soler, Jonathan B Overdevest, David A Gudis","doi":"10.1002/alr.23486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23486","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Making "scents" of nutrients: Investigating the relationship between olfactory dysfunction and vitamin intake. 制作营养素的 "气味":调查嗅觉功能障碍与维生素摄入量之间的关系。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23488
Sophie E Yu, Youn Soo Jung, Margaret B Mitchell, Simon Chiang, Mitali Banerjee, Mengyuan Ruan, Tanujit Dey, Sarah E Fleet, Stella E Lee

Key points: Decreased overall dietary consumption of micronutrients may be linked to an increased risk of olfactory dysfunction (OD) including subjective report of OD, subjective report of phantosmia, and objective OD. Interactions were identified between these micronutrients, suggesting that outcomes may vary depending on the mixture of micronutrients taken.

要点:膳食中微量营养素总体摄入量的减少可能与嗅觉功能障碍(OD)风险的增加有关,包括主观报告的嗅觉功能障碍、主观报告的幻嗅和客观报告的嗅觉功能障碍。研究发现,这些微量营养素之间存在相互作用,这表明结果可能因所摄入的微量营养素混合物而异。
{"title":"Making \"scents\" of nutrients: Investigating the relationship between olfactory dysfunction and vitamin intake.","authors":"Sophie E Yu, Youn Soo Jung, Margaret B Mitchell, Simon Chiang, Mitali Banerjee, Mengyuan Ruan, Tanujit Dey, Sarah E Fleet, Stella E Lee","doi":"10.1002/alr.23488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key points: </strong>Decreased overall dietary consumption of micronutrients may be linked to an increased risk of olfactory dysfunction (OD) including subjective report of OD, subjective report of phantosmia, and objective OD. Interactions were identified between these micronutrients, suggesting that outcomes may vary depending on the mixture of micronutrients taken.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ambient particulate matter and frequency of outpatient visits for chronic rhinosinusitis in the United States. 美国环境颗粒物与慢性鼻炎门诊就诊频率。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23477
Hong-Ho Yang, David Grimm, Esther Velasquez, Peter H Hwang

Background: Emerging evidence has underscored the harmful effects of air pollution on the upper airway. We investigated the relationship between ambient particulate matter (PM) level and the frequency of outpatient visits for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).

Methods: We conducted an ecological cohort study of US adults enrolled in The Merative MarketScan outpatient database from 2007 to 2020. For each geographical subunit (core-based statistical area [CBSA]), we calculated the annual rate of CRS-related outpatient visits per 1000 well-patient checkup visits (CRS-OV). Using data from the Environmental Protection Agency's Air Quality System, we mapped the rolling statistical average of daily PM2.5 and PM10 over the preceding year onto each CBSA × year combination. We employed multivariable negative binomial regression modeling to estimate the association between PM levels and subsequent CRS-OV.

Results: Across 3933 observations (CBSA × year combinations), encompassing ∼4 billion visits, the median CRS-OV was 164 (interquartile range 110-267). The mean PM2.5 level was 8.9 µg/m3 (SD 2.6) and the mean PM10 level was 20.2 µg/m3 (SD 7.2). Adjusting for patient demographics and respiratory comorbidities, a compounded rise in subsequent CRS-OV was observed with increasing PM levels. Each µg/m3 rise in PM2.5 independently predicted a 10% increase in CRS-OV (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR]) 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-1.13) and each µg/m3 rise in PM10 independently predicted a 3% increase in CRS-OV (aIRR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02-1.04).

Conclusion: Elevated ambient PM2.5 and PM10 levels are associated with a subsequent compounded increase in the frequency of CRS-OV, with PM2.5 predicting a more pronounced rise compared to PM10.

背景:新的证据强调了空气污染对上呼吸道的有害影响。我们研究了环境颗粒物(PM)水平与慢性鼻炎(CRS)门诊就诊频率之间的关系:我们对 2007 年至 2020 年期间加入 Merative MarketScan 门诊数据库的美国成年人进行了一项生态队列研究。对于每个地理分区(核心统计区 [CBSA]),我们计算了每 1000 名健康体检者中 CRS 相关门诊的年就诊率(CRS-OV)。利用环境保护署空气质量系统的数据,我们将前一年的每日 PM2.5 和 PM10 的滚动统计平均值映射到每个 CBSA × 年份组合上。我们采用多变量负二项回归模型来估计 PM 水平与随后的 CRS-OV 之间的关联:结果:在3933个观测值(CBSA × 年份组合)中,包含了40亿人次,CRS-OV的中位数为164(四分位距为110-267)。PM2.5的平均水平为8.9微克/立方米(标准差为2.6),PM10的平均水平为20.2微克/立方米(标准差为7.2)。根据患者的人口统计学特征和呼吸系统合并症进行调整后发现,随着 PM 水平的升高,随后的 CRS-OV 呈复合上升趋势。PM2.5每升高1微克/立方米,可独立预测CRS-OV增加10%(调整后发病率比[aIRR]为1.10,95%置信区间[CI]为1.08-1.13),PM10每升高1微克/立方米,可独立预测CRS-OV增加3%(aIRR为1.03,95%置信区间[CI]为1.02-1.04):结论:环境中 PM2.5 和 PM10 水平的升高与随后 CRS-OV 发生频率的复合增加有关,与 PM10 相比,PM2.5 预测的上升更为明显。
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引用次数: 0
Viral infection as an inciting event for development of chronic rhinosinusitis: A population-based study. 病毒感染是慢性鼻炎发病的诱因:一项基于人群的研究。
IF 7.2 2区 医学 Q1 OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23482
Najm S Khan, Heli Majeethia, Vincent Provasek, Faizaan Khan, Zain Mehdi, Aatin K Dhanda, Jeffrey T Vrabec, Edward D McCoul, Chadi A Makary, Masayoshi Takashima, Omar G Ahmed

Key points: Viral infections lead to a greater than twofold increased risk of developing chronic rhinosinusitis within 1 year. Viral infections lead to a greater than twofold increased risk of developing chronic rhinosinusitis within 1 year. Recurrent viral infections pose a greater risk of chronic rhinosinusitis than single episodes.

要点:病毒感染导致一年内患慢性鼻窦炎的风险增加两倍多。病毒感染导致 1 年内罹患慢性鼻炎的风险增加 2 倍以上。反复病毒感染比单次病毒感染引发慢性鼻炎的风险更大。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology
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