Mechanisms of increased pain discrimination by contingent reinforcement: a perceptual decision-making and instrumental learning account.

IF 5.9 1区 医学 Q1 ANESTHESIOLOGY PAIN® Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003514
Fabrice Hubschmid, Melissa Luna Flury, Martin Löffler, Simon Desch, Susanne Becker
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Abstract

Abstract: Recent evidence highlights that monetary rewards can increase the precision at which healthy human volunteers can detect small changes in the intensity of thermal noxious stimuli, contradicting the idea that rewards exert a broad inhibiting influence on pain perception. This effect was stronger with contingent rewards compared with noncontingent rewards, suggesting a successful learning process. In the present study, we implemented a model comparison approach that aimed to improve our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie thermal noxious discrimination in humans. In a between-subject design, 54 healthy human volunteers took part in a pain discrimination task with monetary rewards either contingent or noncontingent on successful discrimination of small changes in the intensity painful heat stimulation. We used models from 2 traditions in decision-making research, perceptual decision-making, and instrumental learning. Replicating the previous findings, only rewards contingent on behavior enhanced pain discrimination. Drift diffusion modelling revealed increased sensory signal strength and decreased response caution and nondecision times as mechanisms underlying this effect of contingent rewards on pain discrimination. In addition, reinforcement learning models indicated a temporal evolution of discriminative abilities reflected by a trial-by-trial increase of perceived signal strength only with contingent rewards but not with noncontingent rewards. Modelling of separate learning rates for positive and negative prediction errors indicated that this temporal evolution of discriminative abilities was driven by positive reward prediction errors. These results might indicate increased sensitivity towards better-than-expected outcomes in the temporal adaptation of pain discrimination abilities to a rewarding context in humans.

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偶然强化增加疼痛歧视的机制:知觉决策和工具学习帐户。
摘要:最近的证据表明,金钱奖励可以提高健康人类志愿者检测到热有害刺激强度微小变化的准确性,这与奖励对疼痛感知产生广泛抑制影响的观点相矛盾。与非偶然奖励相比,偶然奖励的这种效应更强,表明这是一个成功的学习过程。在本研究中,我们实施了一种模型比较方法,旨在提高我们对人类热有害歧视机制的理解。在受试者之间的设计中,54名健康的人类志愿者参加了一项疼痛识别任务,并根据成功识别疼痛热刺激强度的微小变化而获得金钱奖励。我们使用了决策研究中两种传统的模型,即感知决策和工具学习。重复之前的发现,只有基于行为的奖励才会增强疼痛歧视。漂移扩散模型揭示了感官信号强度的增加和反应谨慎性和非决策时间的减少是这种偶然奖励对疼痛歧视影响的机制。此外,强化学习模型表明,只有偶然奖励,而非偶然奖励,识别能力的时间进化表现为感知信号强度的逐次增加。对正奖励预测误差和负奖励预测误差的单独学习率建模表明,这种判别能力的时间进化是由正奖励预测误差驱动的。这些结果可能表明,在人类对奖励环境的疼痛辨别能力的时间适应中,对好于预期的结果的敏感性增加。
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来源期刊
PAIN®
PAIN® 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
12.50
自引率
8.10%
发文量
242
审稿时长
9 months
期刊介绍: PAIN® is the official publication of the International Association for the Study of Pain and publishes original research on the nature,mechanisms and treatment of pain.PAIN® provides a forum for the dissemination of research in the basic and clinical sciences of multidisciplinary interest.
期刊最新文献
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