Effect of Low-Level Laser Acupuncture and Microcurrent Electrical Stimulation on Gag Reflex in Children During Dental Impression: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Abstract

Background

Dental impressions are crucial in pediatric dentistry, but exaggerated gagging can obstruct this process. Various methods have been proposed to manage the gag reflex (GR).

Aim

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of laser acupuncture and electroacupuncture in controlling children's GR.

Design

A three-armed randomized controlled trial was conducted with 63 patients aged 6–9, with excessive GR, scheduled for dental impressions. Participants were assigned to one of three groups: low-level laser (n = 21), microcurrent stimulation with a Meridian pen (n = 21), and a control group with a deactivated pen (n = 21). Gag preventive index (GPI) was taken, and dental anxiety was assessed using the Facial Image Scale (FIS), pulse rate (PR), and blood oxygen saturation (SaO₂). Significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

All interventions influenced GPI scores. The Meridian pen and laser groups achieved better GPI scores (p < 0.001) than the control group. FIS scores between the Meridian pen and laser groups were comparable, differing significantly from the control group (p < 0.001). The Meridian pen and laser groups showed greater reductions in PR (p < 0.001) and higher SaO₂ post-intervention (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The Meridian pen and laser outperformed the control group, demonstrating effectiveness in enhancing physiological and subjective measures.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06422286