Titanium dioxide-induced fibrotic liver model and the therapeutic effect of resveratrol by modulation of α-SMA and 8-oHdG expressions, oxidative stress, and inflammation

Abstract

The research sought to assess the therapeutic impact of resveratrol by biochemical, immunohistochemical, and histopathological analyses in a TiO₂-induced liver fibrosis model. Titanium dioxide (100 mg/kg body weight) was delivered for 15 days to induce liver fibrosis, either alone or in conjunction with resveratrol (30 mg/kg body weight) therapy for the same duration. Resveratrol has been identified as a crucial therapeutic drug that provides an alternative treatment method for TiO₂-induced liver fibrosis by mitigating inflammation, oxidative stress, and the expressions of α-SMA and 8-OHdG. Resveratrol treatment mitigated TiO₂-induced liver fibrosis by repairing hepatocellular injury and decreasing plasma AST, ALT, and ALP levels. Resveratrol improves the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), crucial enzymes for antioxidant defense, and elevates glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels, so augmenting antioxidant function. Furthermore, resveratrol decreased hepatic inflammation (IL-6 and IL-1β) and oxidative stress markers. Furthermore, histological alterations and immunohistochemistry expression of α-SMA and 8-OhdG were reinstated after resveratrol administration in the TiO₂-induced liver fibrosis model. Our research indicates that resveratrol administration effectively protects against liver fibrosis produced by TiO₂.