Does physical activity level and total energy expenditure relate to food intake, appetite, and body composition in healthy older adults? A cross-sectional study.
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Purpose: With ageing, older adults (≥ 65 years) may experience decreased appetite, contributing to declines in body weight and muscle mass, potentially affecting physical capabilities. Physical activity (PA) has been suggested as a potential strategy to enhance appetite in older adults, but evidence supporting this is insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PA levels, total energy expenditure (TEE), body composition, energy intake (EI) and appetite in older adults.
Methods: One hundred and eight healthy older adults (age 70 ± 4 years; BMI 24.3 ± 2.6 kg/m2) were categorised into three groups (low, medium, high) based on accelerometer-measured PA level (AMPA) and TEE from 7-day PA diaries. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance. Energy and nutrient intakes were assessed using 3-day weighed food diaries. Appetite was assessed using the visual analogue scales at 30-min intervals throughout 1 day.
Results: TEE was positively correlated with EI and % muscle mass (p < 0.05), with higher % muscle mass and TEE associated with higher EI. Energy and protein intake were significantly higher in the high TEE group than the low group (p = 0.03, p = 0.01; respectively). No significant differences in energy and macronutrient intake were observed across AMPA groups, and appetite components (hunger, fullness, desire to eat, prospective consumption) did not differ significantly in either the AMPA or TEE groups.
Conclusions: Higher TEE is associated with higher energy and protein intake, with body composition playing a crucial role. These findings highlight the importance of considering PA, TEE, and body composition in interventions aimed at improving EI in older adults.
Clinical trail registration: clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05067036. Registered 2 October 2021, https://classic.
目的：随着年龄的增长，老年人（≥65岁）可能会出现食欲下降，导致体重和肌肉质量下降，潜在地影响身体机能。体育活动（PA）被认为是提高老年人食欲的潜在策略，但支持这一观点的证据不足。本研究旨在探讨老年人PA水平、总能量消耗（TEE）、体成分、能量摄入（EI）和食欲之间的关系。方法：健康老年人108例(年龄70±4岁；BMI（24.3±2.6 kg/m2）根据加速度计测量的PA水平（AMPA）和7 d PA日记的TEE分为低、中、高三组。采用生物电阻抗法测定体成分。利用3天称重食物日记评估能量和营养摄入量。用视觉模拟量表在1天内每隔30分钟评估一次食欲。结果：TEE与EI和%肌肉质量呈正相关(p)。结论：高TEE与较高的能量和蛋白质摄入相关，其中体成分起关键作用。这些发现强调了在旨在改善老年人EI的干预措施中考虑PA、TEE和身体成分的重要性。临床试验注册：clinicaltrials.gov，编号NCT05067036。2021年10月2日注册，网址：https://classic.Clinicaltrials: gov/ct2/show/NCT05067036。
期刊介绍：
The European Journal of Nutrition publishes original papers, reviews, and short communications in the nutritional sciences. The manuscripts submitted to the European Journal of Nutrition should have their major focus on the impact of nutrients and non-nutrients on
immunology and inflammation,
gene expression,
metabolism,
chronic diseases, or
carcinogenesis,
or a major focus on
epidemiology, including intervention studies with healthy subjects and with patients,
biofunctionality of food and food components, or
the impact of diet on the environment.
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