Nanotechnology: an emerging field for enhancing micronutrient enrichment in millets via biofortification strategies-present knowledge and prospects for the future

Abstract

Pharmaceutical supplementation and dietary fortification are the most common approaches to reducing vitamin deficits. To improve the health and nutritional value of crops, agronomic biofortification necessitates the direct application of nutrients. Producers using micronutrient fertilizers to increase the fortification of crops are essential to the success of biofortification. Overthrow malnutrition using biofortified millets notwithstanding their challenges. Millets stressors have been demonstrated to be reduced by artificial nanoparticles recently. Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) have had their properties and functions has been reported recently. Several genes that are involved in maintaining an equilibrium of iron and zinc are genetically regulated in millet with nanoparticle formulations, resulting in even greater nutrient-by-default and stress-resilience. Millet, according to the study, is a micronutrient powerhouse because priming controls cereal iron and zinc absorption and enrichment even in the face of nutritional deficiency. This review examines millet, its health advantages, nano fertilizers, and initiatives to improve the crop production.