A Rise in Reactive Criminal Thinking Over the Course of a 10-Week Prison-Based Programme Predicts Increased Criminal Propensity: Testing the Exportation Hypothesis

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q3 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI:10.1002/cbm.2374

Glenn D. Walters

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Abstract

Background

The importation model holds that inmate behaviour is a function of behaviours and thought patterns offenders bring with them into prison from the community. It may also be that offenders export behaviours and thought patterns they develop or refine in prison when they return to the community.

Aims

The purpose of this study was to determine whether an increase in reactive criminal thinking in prisoners predicts recidivism following release.

Methods

A sample of 282 male prisoners housed in a medium security federal facility completed the Psychological Inventory of Criminal Thinking Styles (PICTS) at the beginning and end of a 10-week therapy group and were eventually released back to the community.

Results

The results of a Cox proportional hazards survival analysis revealed that prisoners who experienced a rise in reactive criminal thinking over the course of the 10-week group were significantly more likely to recidivate than prisoners who did not display an increase in reactive criminal thinking, controlling for several factors, including prior arrests.

Conclusions

These results indicate that growth in reactive criminal thinking during incarceration portends poor outcomes upon release from prison. This suggests that a lack of critical thinking, potentially attributable to a rise in reactive criminal thinking during incarceration, may interfere with a person's ability to reintegrate safely and effectively into society once they are released from prison.

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在为期10周的监狱项目中，反应性犯罪思维的增加预示着犯罪倾向的增加：对输出假设的检验。

背景：输入模型认为囚犯的行为是罪犯从社区带入监狱的行为和思维模式的函数。也可能是罪犯在返回社区时输出他们在监狱中养成或改进的行为和思维模式。目的：本研究的目的是确定囚犯反应性犯罪思维的增加是否预示着释放后的再犯。方法：在一个中等安全的联邦监狱中，282名男性囚犯在为期10周的治疗小组开始和结束时完成了犯罪思维方式心理量表（PICTS），并最终被释放回社区。结果：Cox比例风险生存分析的结果显示，在10周的过程中，反应性犯罪思维增加的囚犯比没有表现出反应性犯罪思维增加的囚犯更有可能再犯，控制了几个因素，包括先前的逮捕。结论：这些结果表明，在监禁期间，反应性犯罪思维的增长预示着出狱后的不良后果。这表明，缺乏批判性思维，可能归因于监禁期间反应性犯罪思维的增加，可能会干扰一个人从监狱释放后安全有效地重新融入社会的能力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health Multiple-

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Criminal Behaviour & Mental Health – CBMH – aims to publish original material on any aspect of the relationship between mental state and criminal behaviour. Thus, we are interested in mental mechanisms associated with offending, regardless of whether the individual concerned has a mental disorder or not. We are interested in factors that influence such relationships, and particularly welcome studies about pathways into and out of crime. These will include studies of normal and abnormal development, of mental disorder and how that may lead to offending for a subgroup of sufferers, together with information about factors which mediate such a relationship.