J.L. Galán Argumedo, A. Suresh, Z. Ding, V. Bertolo, T.E. Reinton, A.C. Riemslag, M.J.M. Hermans, V.A. Popovich
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study concentrates on the fatigue crack propagation behaviour of a high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel and austenitic stainless (AS) steel bi-material part, as obtained by wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). Due to partial mixing in the weld pool, the first layer of AS steel laid onto the previously deposited HSLA steel results in a diluted interface layer of distinct chemical and microstructural characteristics. Average Paris parameters are obtained for the interface layer along transverse and longitudinal planes to the deposition direction (BD-LD plane: m = 2.79, log10(C) = –7.83 log10(da/dN)) (BD-TD plane: m = 3.47, log10(C) = –8.39 log10(da/dN)). However, it is observed that this interface layer manifests an intriguing crack propagation behaviour. FCGR consistently drop as the crack front transitions from undiluted AS steel to the interface. At ΔK = 20 MPa⋅m0.5, the greatest Δ is −0.77 log10 steps (R = 0.1). As cracks near the HSLA fusion line, rates re-accelerate up to + 0.75 log10 steps (R = 0.5). The phenomenon is attributed to the interplay between deformation-induced martensitic transformation and pre-existing allotropic martensite. Our findings, derived from a series of fatigue tests in correlation with multiscale microstructural and fracture characterization, offer insights into the damage-tolerant behaviour of these bi-material structures.
期刊介绍:
Typical subjects discussed in International Journal of Fatigue address:
Novel fatigue testing and characterization methods (new kinds of fatigue tests, critical evaluation of existing methods, in situ measurement of fatigue degradation, non-contact field measurements)
Multiaxial fatigue and complex loading effects of materials and structures, exploring state-of-the-art concepts in degradation under cyclic loading
Fatigue in the very high cycle regime, including failure mode transitions from surface to subsurface, effects of surface treatment, processing, and loading conditions
Modeling (including degradation processes and related driving forces, multiscale/multi-resolution methods, computational hierarchical and concurrent methods for coupled component and material responses, novel methods for notch root analysis, fracture mechanics, damage mechanics, crack growth kinetics, life prediction and durability, and prediction of stochastic fatigue behavior reflecting microstructure and service conditions)
Models for early stages of fatigue crack formation and growth that explicitly consider microstructure and relevant materials science aspects
Understanding the influence or manufacturing and processing route on fatigue degradation, and embedding this understanding in more predictive schemes for mitigation and design against fatigue
Prognosis and damage state awareness (including sensors, monitoring, methodology, interactive control, accelerated methods, data interpretation)
Applications of technologies associated with fatigue and their implications for structural integrity and reliability. This includes issues related to design, operation and maintenance, i.e., life cycle engineering
Smart materials and structures that can sense and mitigate fatigue degradation
Fatigue of devices and structures at small scales, including effects of process route and surfaces/interfaces.