{"title":"Development of propranolol loaded SLN for transdermal delivery: <i>in-vitro</i> characterization and skin deposition studies.","authors":"Eskandar Moghimipour, Mohammadamin Khazali, Behzad Sharif MakhmalZadeh, Maryam Abedini Baghbadorani, Ali Zangeneh, Somayeh Sohrabi, Fereshteh Nejaddehbashi, Fatemeh Hajipour, Somayeh Handali","doi":"10.1080/20415990.2025.2458451","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aimed to formulate solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for the transdermal delivery of PPL to improve skin retention and efficacy.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>The particle size distribution of SLNs was determined and the morphology of SLNs was also analyzed by SEM. <i>In-vitro</i>, <i>ex-vivo</i> and <i>in vivo</i> evaluations were done for PPL loaded SLN. The safety of drug delivery systems was assayed using MTT test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated successful encapsulation of PPL in SLNs (59.38%), which exhibited a spherical shape and smooth surface. Compared to PPL solution, SLNs demonstrated a prolonged drug release profile <i>in vitro</i>. Stability tests over three months showed no significant changes in entrapment efficiency or size distribution. Enhanced permeation through shed snake and rat skin was observed with SLNs compared to the PPL solution. <i>Ex-vivo</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies confirmed that PPL-loaded SLNs significantly increased drug content in the skin. Importantly, the SLNs displayed biocompatibility, as no significant cytotoxic effects were noted, and they were nonirritating to rat skin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that indicates SLNs can be considered as a promising nanocarriers for transdermal delivery of PPL.</p>","PeriodicalId":22959,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic delivery","volume":" ","pages":"205-215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11875500/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Therapeutic delivery","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20415990.2025.2458451","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/28 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Aim: The study aimed to formulate solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for the transdermal delivery of PPL to improve skin retention and efficacy.
Materials and method: The particle size distribution of SLNs was determined and the morphology of SLNs was also analyzed by SEM. In-vitro, ex-vivo and in vivo evaluations were done for PPL loaded SLN. The safety of drug delivery systems was assayed using MTT test.
Results: The results indicated successful encapsulation of PPL in SLNs (59.38%), which exhibited a spherical shape and smooth surface. Compared to PPL solution, SLNs demonstrated a prolonged drug release profile in vitro. Stability tests over three months showed no significant changes in entrapment efficiency or size distribution. Enhanced permeation through shed snake and rat skin was observed with SLNs compared to the PPL solution. Ex-vivo and in vivo studies confirmed that PPL-loaded SLNs significantly increased drug content in the skin. Importantly, the SLNs displayed biocompatibility, as no significant cytotoxic effects were noted, and they were nonirritating to rat skin.
Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that indicates SLNs can be considered as a promising nanocarriers for transdermal delivery of PPL.
期刊介绍：
Delivering therapeutics in a way that is right for the patient - safe, painless, reliable, targeted, efficient and cost effective - is the fundamental aim of scientists working in this area. Correspondingly, this evolving field has already yielded a diversity of delivery methods, including injectors, controlled release formulations, drug eluting implants and transdermal patches. Rapid technological advances and the desire to improve the efficacy and safety profile of existing medications by specific targeting to the site of action, combined with the drive to improve patient compliance, continue to fuel rapid research progress. Furthermore, the emergence of cell-based therapeutics and biopharmaceuticals such as proteins, peptides and nucleotides presents scientists with new and exciting challenges for the application of therapeutic delivery science and technology. Successful delivery strategies increasingly rely upon collaboration across a diversity of fields, including biology, chemistry, pharmacology, nanotechnology, physiology, materials science and engineering. Therapeutic Delivery recognizes the importance of this diverse research platform and encourages the publication of articles that reflect the highly interdisciplinary nature of the field. In a highly competitive industry, Therapeutic Delivery provides the busy researcher with a forum for the rapid publication of original research and critical reviews of all the latest relevant and significant developments, and focuses on how the technological, pharmacological, clinical and physiological aspects come together to successfully deliver modern therapeutics to patients. The journal delivers this essential information in concise, at-a-glance article formats that are readily accessible to the full spectrum of therapeutic delivery researchers.
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
分享
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
扫码关注我们
