A Randomized Control Trial Comparing the Effects of N-95 Respirator Versus Surgical Mask Use on Resting Metabolic and Respiratory Changes.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to compare physiological changes when wearing a N95 and surgical mask at rest.

Methods: Forty-two subjects aged 18-55 (19 males; age 22.98 ± 3.83) were recruited. Respiratory and metabolic data were collected using indirect calorimetry under a hood. Volume of oxygen consumed, volume of CO 2 produced, and respiratory exchange ratio were measured. Respiratory rate, minute ventilation, and heart rate were recorded using Hexoskin Smart Shirt apparatus. Testing consisted of the following three 15-minute trials: no mask, surgical mask, and a N95 respirator. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was assessed. Results were analyzed using separate repeated measures analyses of variance.

Results: Respiratory exchange ratio, minute ventilation, and RPE were significantly higher in both conditions. Highest RPE reported while wearing the N95 mask.

Conclusions: The use of a surgical or N95 face mask can cause small metabolic, respiratory, and RPE changes. Minor physiological changes were observed but remained within normally expected physiological parameters at rest.