Cannabidiol Toxicity Driven by Hydroxyquinone Formation.

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL Chemical Research in Toxicology Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00448

Metzli I Montero, Pravien S Rajaram, Jose E Zamora Alvarado, Kara E McCloskey, Ryan D Baxter, Roberto C Andresen Eguiluz

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Abstract

Oxidative byproducts of cannabidiol (CBD) are known to be cytotoxic. However, CBD susceptibility to oxidation and resulting toxicity dissolved in two common solvents, ethanol (EtOH) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), is seldom discussed. Furthermore, CBD products contain a wide range of concentrations, making it challenging to link general health risks associated with CBD cytotoxicity. Here, we report on the effect of CBD and CBD analogues dissolved in EtOH or DMSO at various concentrations. The cells used in these studies were human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Our findings show significant CBD oxidation to cannabidiol-quinone (CBD-Q) and subsequent cytotoxicity, occurring at 10 μM concentration, regardless of the solution delivery vehicle. Moreover, a new analogue of CBD, cannabidiol-diacetate (CBD-DA), exhibits significantly more stability and reduced toxicity compared with CBD or CBD-Q, respectively. This knowledge is important for determining concentration-dependent health risks of complex cannabinoid mixtures and establishing legal limits.

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来源期刊

Chemical Research in Toxicology 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

7.90

自引率

7.30%

发文量

215

审稿时长

3.5 months

期刊介绍： Chemical Research in Toxicology publishes Articles, Rapid Reports, Chemical Profiles, Reviews, Perspectives, Letters to the Editor, and ToxWatch on a wide range of topics in Toxicology that inform a chemical and molecular understanding and capacity to predict biological outcomes on the basis of structures and processes. The overarching goal of activities reported in the Journal are to provide knowledge and innovative approaches needed to promote intelligent solutions for human safety and ecosystem preservation. The journal emphasizes insight concerning mechanisms of toxicity over phenomenological observations. It upholds rigorous chemical, physical and mathematical standards for characterization and application of modern techniques.