Aquatic training and sleep quality, depressive symptoms and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes: Diabetes and Aquatic Training Study (DATS2)- A Randomized Controlled Trial
Rodrigo Sudatti Delevatti , Larissa Leonel , Felipe Barreto Schuch , Elisa Côrrea Marson , Salime Donida Chedid Lisboa , Thais Reichert , Ana Carolina Kanitz , Vitória de Mello Bones , Luiz Fernando Martins Kruel
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Abstract
Background
Aquatic training is one type of exercise used for type 2 diabetes (T2D) management, but it has not been investigated in depth. Purpose: To verify the effects of both aerobic and combined (aerobic plus resistance) aquatic training on sleep quality, depressive symptoms, and quality of life in patients with T2D.
Methods
Patients with T2D were randomly assigned to the aerobic (AERO) training group, combined (COMB) training group, and control (CON) group. The intervention period lasted 15 weeks, consisting of three 50-min weekly sessions. The AERO and COMB groups were structured in three mesocycles with progressive increases in intensity. The CON group performed sessions of stretching and relaxation in the aquatic environment. Sleep quality, depressive symptoms, and quality of life (secondary outcomes of the Diabetes and Aquatic Training Study) were evaluated before and after the intervention period. Analysis was performed using generalized estimating equations, adopting ɑ = 0.05.
Results
The AERO, COMB, and CON groups showed significant improvements in sleep quality, depressive symptoms, and quality of life in the overall, psychological, and physical domains, with time effects being statistically significant (p < 0.05). However, no significant changes were observed in their quality of life in the environmental and social domains (p > 0.05). Effect sizes were small for both intervention and CON groups. The AERO group exhibited larger increases than the COMB group in overall quality of life.
Conclusion
Participation in an aquatic training program, regardless of the modality, is effective in reducing depressive symptoms and improving the sleep quality and overall quality of life of patients with T2D.
期刊介绍：
The aims of Mental Health and Physical Activity will be: (1) to foster the inter-disciplinary development and understanding of the mental health and physical activity field; (2) to develop research designs and methods to advance our understanding; (3) to promote the publication of high quality research on the effects of physical activity (interventions and a single session) on a wide range of dimensions of mental health and psychological well-being (eg, depression, anxiety and stress responses, mood, cognitive functioning and neurological disorders, such as dementia, self-esteem and related constructs, psychological aspects of quality of life among people with physical and mental illness, sleep, addictive disorders, eating disorders), from both efficacy and effectiveness trials;
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