Effect of nursing process-based nursing decision implementation on emergency patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Abstract

Background: This article aimed to assess the impact of nursing decision interventions based on the nursing process on the clinical outcomes and quality of life (QoL) of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The main research question was whether nursing decision-making interventions can improve clinical outcomes in patients with acute STEMI (ASTEMI), including time management, cardiac function recovery, and QoL. It was hypothesized that patients receiving nursing process-based interventions would demonstrate significant improvements in clinical outcomes, recovery time, incidence of adverse cardiac events, and QoL compared to those receiving standard care.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted, including 205 patients with ASTEMI as the study sample, 125 cases in the intervention group (IG) and 80 cases in the control group (CG). Data on time management indicators, major cardiac adverse events, QoL scores, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels were collected.

Results: Through intervention, the IG suggested visibly shorter rescue time, vein opening time, intervention procedure time, and hospital stay compared to the CG; the probability of heart failure (HF), cardiac arrest, and death in the IG was visibly lower than in the CG; the physical health, mental health, social relationships, and environmental scores in the IG were visibly higher than in the CG. Further comparison of post-intervention outcomes between the IG and CG showed no statistically significant differences in serum BNP and cardiac troponin I levels (P > 0.05), with the confidence intervals (CIs) indicating that the changes between the two groups were comparable. However, when comparing post-intervention LVEF between the groups, the IG showed a significantly higher LVEF than the CG (P < 0.05), with a CI of (P = 0.03, 95% CI [0.05, 0.18]).

Conclusion: Improved nursing decision-making based on the nursing process not only demonstrates advantages in time management but also visibly enhances the QoL of patients with ASTEMI in the emergency setting, reduces the risk of serious cardiac adverse events, and has a positive impact on cardiac function recovery.