Survival and growth of “branches of opportunity” from ten coral species outplanted on framed reef modules

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Ecological Engineering Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-21 DOI:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2025.107529

Junling Zhang , Jingzhao Ke , Xiangbo Liu , He Zhao , Wentao Zhu , Baruch Rinkevich , Shai Shafir , Aimin Wang , Xiubao Li

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Abstract

To reveal local coral species aptness for reef restoration, 30 “framed reef modules” (FRMs) were deployed in a degraded coral reef area at the northern part of Wuzhizhou Island, Hainan Island, South China Sea. Fragments of opportunity from 10 coral species (8 branching, 1 foliose, 1 encrusting) were collected and outplanted on the FRMs. Measurements of growth rates, survival, and physiological indexes were then taken at 30, 120, 210 and 360 days after transplantation. The results showed that Acropora microphthalma, Acropora austera, Hydnophora rigida and Montipora foliosa showed fast growth rates (>2.87 cm²·month⁻¹) and high one-year survival rates (>80 %). Acropora hyacinthus and Montipora digitata, while exhibiting faster growth rates (4.95 ± 0.31 and 4.85 ± 0.41 cm²·month⁻¹, respectively), revealed lower one-year survival rates (ca. 50 %). Psammocora contigua and Porites cylindrica showed lower growth rates (1.50 ± 0.14 and 1.96 ± 0.19 cm²·month⁻¹, respectively), yet presented 100 % survival rates. Pocillopora damicornis and Echinopora gemmacea exhibited the lowest growth rates (1.01 ± 0.14 and 1.73 ± 0.21 cm²·month⁻¹, respectively) and 86.2 % and 93.1 % survivals. There are differences in growth and survival among different types of corals, which are closely related to their physiological characteristics. The biomasses of P. contigua, P. cylindrica, and M. foliosa were the highest, >10 mg·cm⁻², while for the remaining 7 species values were > 8 mg·cm⁻². The highest photosynthesis rates were recorded in P. contigua, P. cylindrica, A. austera, and M. digitata, while the lowest were in P. damicornis and H. rigida. These results demonstrate significant interspecific differences in survival and growth patterns, highlighting the importance of species-specific restoration strategies. The present transplantation method supports restoration approaches that combine different coral species in a single transplantation action.

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种植在框架式礁石模块上的10种珊瑚的“机会枝”的生存和生长

为了揭示当地珊瑚物种对珊瑚礁恢复的适应性，在南海海南岛蜈支洲岛北部退化的珊瑚礁区部署了30个“框架礁模块”（FRMs）。收集了10种珊瑚（8种分枝，1种叶状，1种覆壳）的机会片段并移植到frm上。在移植后30、120、210和360天测量生长速率、存活率和生理指标。结果表明，小眼Acropora microphthalma、austera Acropora、hydronophora rigida和Montipora foliosa生长速度快（2.87 cm2·month - 1）， 1年存活率高（80%）。风信子Acropora hyacinthus和山楂（Montipora digitata）的生长速度较快（分别为4.95±0.31 cm2·month - 1和4.85±0.41 cm2·month - 1），但一年存活率较低（约为50%）。连续沙茅菌和圆柱孢菌的生长率较低（分别为1.50±0.14和1.96±0.19 cm2·月−1），但存活率为100%。大角poillopora damicornis和刺青pohinopora gemmacea的生长率最低（分别为1.01±0.14和1.73±0.21 cm2·月−1），存活率分别为86.2%和93.1%。不同种类的珊瑚在生长和存活方面存在差异，这与珊瑚的生理特性密切相关。连片木、白茅和叶状木的生物量最高，为10 mg·cm−2，其余7种生物量均为10 mg·cm−2；8 mg·厘米−2。光合速率最高的植物为连片茅、白茅、黄花茅和数码茅，光合速率最低的植物为达米角茅和刚毛茅。这些结果显示了生存和生长模式的显着种间差异，突出了物种特异性恢复策略的重要性。目前的移植方法支持在单一移植行动中结合不同珊瑚物种的恢复方法。

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来源期刊

Ecological Engineering 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

8.00

自引率

5.30%

发文量

293

审稿时长

57 days

期刊介绍： Ecological engineering has been defined as the design of ecosystems for the mutual benefit of humans and nature. The journal is meant for ecologists who, because of their research interests or occupation, are involved in designing, monitoring, or restoring ecosystems, and can serve as a bridge between ecologists and engineers. Specific topics covered in the journal include: habitat reconstruction; ecotechnology; synthetic ecology; bioengineering; restoration ecology; ecology conservation; ecosystem rehabilitation; stream and river restoration; reclamation ecology; non-renewable resource conservation. Descriptions of specific applications of ecological engineering are acceptable only when situated within context of adding novelty to current research and emphasizing ecosystem restoration. We do not accept purely descriptive reports on ecosystem structures (such as vegetation surveys), purely physical assessment of materials that can be used for ecological restoration, small-model studies carried out in the laboratory or greenhouse with artificial (waste)water or crop studies, or case studies on conventional wastewater treatment and eutrophication that do not offer an ecosystem restoration approach within the paper.