Ecological Engineering最新文献

Long-term bioaugmentation of a carrier enhanced duckweed-based wastewater treatment system via the addition of activated sludge and denitrifying phosphate-accumulating bacterium 通过添加活性污泥和反硝化磷酸盐积累细菌的载体增强浮萍废水处理系统的长期生物强化

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2026.107919

Yonggui Zhao , Ruidong Ma , Xixi Li , Jinquan Li , Tianning Liang , Wei Li , Junjun Chang , Changqun Duan

Duckweed exhibits distinct advantages over other aquatic plants in phytoremediation. Bioaugmentation is a promising approach for enhancing the treatment performance of various wastewater treatment systems, including duckweed-based systems (DS). However, there is a lack of suitable inoculants for field-scale DS bioaugmentation, and the long-term viability and mechanisms of these inoculants are still poorly understood. To address this, a single strain (Pseudomonas sp. DWP1) and a mixed culture (activated sludge) were separately added into two carrier-enhanced DS to systematically evaluate their application potential for DS bioaugmentation by comparing with another control DS over a year. The results indicated that adding strain DWP1 and activated sludge increased the dissolved oxygen concentration and oxidation-reduction potential of pond water. Meanwhile, they promoted duckweed growth (by 64.95% and 41.39%, respectively), enhanced nutrient recovery (by 68.97% and 44.83% for nitrogen, and 71.43% and 42.86% for phosphorus, respectively) and pollutant removal in the DS, and reduced CH₄ emission (by 68.88% and 33.16%, respectively) from the DS. Compared with activated sludge, strain DWP1 had a more significant impact on microbial diversity, community composition, and the relative abundance of dominant assemblages probably due to its high adaptability and successful survival in the duckweed system, which results in the better bioaugmentation performance of strain DWP1 in terms of duckweed biomass production, water purification, and carbon emission reduction in the DS. Therefore, strain DWP1 has greater application potential than activated sludge for the bioaugmentation of the DS.

浮萍在植物修复方面具有明显的优势。生物强化是一种很有前途的方法，可以提高各种废水处理系统的处理性能，包括浮萍系统（DS）。然而，目前还缺乏适合大田生产的接种剂，而且这些接种剂的长期生存能力和作用机制仍不清楚。为了解决这一问题，将单一菌株（假单胞菌sp. DWP1）和混合培养物（活性污泥）分别添加到两个载体增强的DS中，通过与另一个对照DS进行一年的比较，系统地评估它们在DS生物增强方面的应用潜力。结果表明，添加菌株DWP1和活性污泥可提高池水的溶解氧浓度和氧化还原电位。同时，它们促进了DS中浮萍的生长（分别提高了64.95%和41.39%），促进了营养物的回收（氮分别提高了68.97%和44.83%，磷分别提高了71.43%和42.86%）和污染物的去除，减少了DS中CH4的排放（分别降低了68.88%和33.16%）。与活性污泥相比，菌株DWP1对微生物多样性、群落组成和优势组合的相对丰度的影响更为显著，这可能是由于菌株DWP1在浮萍系统中的适应性高，且在浮萍系统中存活成功，从而导致菌株DWP1在DS中具有更好的浮萍生物量生产、水净化和碳减排等生物增强性能。因此，菌株DWP1在DS生物强化方面比活性污泥具有更大的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

The role of organic amendments as drivers of soil structural recovery in semi-arid technosols 半干旱技术中有机改良剂对土壤结构恢复的驱动作用

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2026.107914

J. López , R. Soria , A. Solé-Benet , R. Ortega , I. Miralles

Recovering soil structure is a critical step in the rehabilitation of technosols severely degraded by opencast mining, especially under semiarid conditions where natural recovery is slow. This study evaluated the effect of three organic amendments (compost derived from greenhouse crop wastes, compost from pruning and gardening residues, and stabilized sewage sludge) on the structural and biological recovery of quarry technosols over a five-year restoration period. Each amendment was applied to field plots, and changes in physical, chemical, biochemical, and micromorphological properties were assessed. All amendments substantially increased total organic carbon, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, and water-holding capacity, while reducing bulk density and maintaining the clay-loam texture. Basal respiration and enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase) significantly increased, particularly in sewage-sludge and greenhouse crop treatments. Aggregate stability improved by about 25% relative to the control and was strongly associated with glomalin-related soil proteins (R² = 0.51). Thin-section analyses revealed greater porosity, organic groundmass, and aggregate abundance in amended technosols, especially beneath plant cover. Overall, the results demonstrate that organic amendments play a pivotal role in promoting early stages of soil structure formation in technosols, with distinct mechanisms depending on the type of organic input. The integration of micromorphological, biochemical, and multivariate analyses provides a novel approach to understanding how organic conditioners drive aggregate formation and structural recovery in degraded soils.

恢复土壤结构是恢复因露天采矿而严重退化的土壤的关键步骤，特别是在自然恢复缓慢的半干旱条件下。本研究评估了三种有机改进剂（来自温室作物废弃物的堆肥，来自修剪和园艺残留物的堆肥，以及稳定的污水污泥）在五年恢复期内对采石场技术溶胶的结构和生物恢复的影响。将每种改进剂应用于田间小区，评估其物理、化学、生化和微形态特性的变化。所有的修正都大大增加了总有机碳、有效磷、总氮和持水量，同时降低了堆积密度并保持了粘土-壤土的质地。基础呼吸和酶活性（脱氢酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶）显著增加，特别是在污水污泥和温室作物处理中。与对照组相比，团聚体稳定性提高了约25%，并与球小球素相关土壤蛋白密切相关（R2 = 0.51）。薄切片分析显示，在改良技术中，孔隙度、有机基质和团聚体丰度更高，特别是在植物覆盖下。总体而言，研究结果表明，有机改良剂在促进土壤结构形成的早期阶段起着关键作用，其机制取决于有机输入的类型。微形态、生化和多变量分析的整合为理解有机调理剂如何驱动退化土壤中团聚体的形成和结构恢复提供了一种新的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Soil seed banks mediate soil–vegetation coupling in mining-induced fissure landscapes 土壤种子库在采动裂隙景观中调节土壤-植被耦合

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2026.107909

Haiyan Liu , Huadong Du , Wenjie Nie , Yangyang He , Yinli Bi

Mining-induced ground fissures in coal-mining subsidence landscapes disrupt soil structure and near-surface hydrology, creating fine-scale habitat heterogeneity that can impede natural vegetation recovery. Soil seed banks represent a critical propagule reservoir, yet their spatial dynamics, governing drivers, and coupling with aboveground vegetation remain insufficiently quantified in fissure-affected systems. Soil seed banks were assessed at four distance classes (0–1 m, 1–2 m, 2–5 m, and a non-subsided control) and two soil layers (0–10 cm and 10–20 cm) using germination assays, together with vegetation surveys and soil physicochemical measurements. Mantel tests and structural equation modeling (SEM) were applied to identify dominant drivers and pathways. Soil seed bank density and diversity declined sharply within 0–2 m of fissures, with the strongest reductions in the surface layer, indicating a spatially bounded disturbance footprint. Soil moisture and soil organic matter exerted positive influences on soil seed bank size and composition, whereas crust thickness imposed consistent negative effects, supporting a barrier-mediated constraint on seed retention and emergence. SEM further showed that soil conditions affected vegetation density and richness largely through indirect pathways mediated by soil seed bank traits, highlighting the soil seed bank as a key intermediary linking soil degradation to vegetation outcomes. Species similarity between the soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation increased with distance from fissures; 68 species were shared overall and 16 taxa formed a core pool shared across all zones. These findings provide a mechanistic basis for distance-based, differentiated restoration in mining subsidence areas, prioritizing microsite amelioration and propagule supplementation near fissures and assisted natural regeneration in less impacted zones.

在煤矿沉陷景观中，采矿诱发的地裂缝破坏了土壤结构和近地表水文，造成了精细尺度的栖息地异质性，阻碍了自然植被的恢复。土壤种子库是一个重要的繁殖体库，但在裂缝影响系统中，它们的空间动态、控制驱动因素以及与地上植被的耦合仍未得到充分的量化。利用萌发试验、植被调查和土壤理化测量，对土壤种子库进行了4个距离等级（0-1 m、1-2 m、2-5 m和非沉降对照）和2个土层（0-10 cm和10-20 cm）的评估。应用Mantel试验和结构方程模型（SEM）来确定主要驱动因素和途径。土壤种子库密度和多样性在裂隙0 ~ 2 m范围内急剧下降，其中表层下降幅度最大，表明扰动足迹在空间上是有界的。土壤水分和土壤有机质对土壤种子库的大小和组成有正向影响，而结壳厚度对种子库的大小和组成有负向影响，支持屏障介导的种子保留和出苗限制。SEM进一步表明，土壤条件主要通过土壤种子库特征介导的间接途径影响植被密度和丰富度，强调土壤种子库是连接土壤退化和植被结果的关键中介。土壤种子库与地上植被的物种相似性随距离裂缝的远近而增加；共有68种，16个类群形成了一个核心池，在所有区域共享。这些发现为采矿沉陷区基于距离的差异化恢复、裂缝附近的微站点改善和繁殖体补充优先以及在受影响较小的区域辅助自然再生提供了机制基础。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic optimization of urban ecological security pattern: Integrating ecological source security assessment and ecological network restoration 城市生态安全格局动态优化：生态源安全评价与生态网络修复相结合

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2026.107911

Xi Zhou , Feng Wang , Shuai Tong , Guohua Ji , Xiang Ji

Establishing and evaluating the ecological security pattern (ESP) is essential for promoting sustainable development. While prior studies often enhance ESP by developing ecological networks, they frequently overlook assessing the safety of ecological sources, resulting in less thoroughly optimized solutions. This research creatively incorporates landscape ecological risk (LER) and ecosystem service value (ESV) into the ecological network construction process, using Xuzhou City as an illustrative case. By evaluating the security of ecological sources and analyzing structural shifts in the ecological network from 1990 to 2020, the study proposes targeted strategies for ESP enhancement. The results show that LER decreased, while ESV lost 336 million yuan in value between 1990 and 2020. Moreover, the ecological corridors were reduced by 84.47 km, and ecological sources decreased by 75.34 km². Spatially, the ecological corridors in the north-central part of the study area are dense and clustered with pinch points; northeastern and northwestern sources are large; south-central sources have high accessibility but face dense obstacles; and the region's ecological network has been continuously degrading. The study proposes "ecological source zoning protection and ecological network synergistic restoration," classifying sources into four protected types and prioritizing restoration of three south-central sources. The optimized network includes 25 sources and 53 corridors, forming a security pattern of "three points, two axes, one ring and one belt, multiple sources and corridors, and four zones." These findings offer a scientific reference for urban ESP planning and spatial optimization.

建立和评价生态安全格局是促进可持续发展的必要条件。虽然以往的研究往往通过发展生态网络来增强ESP，但他们往往忽视了对生态资源安全性的评估，导致优化方案不彻底。本研究以徐州市为例，创造性地将景观生态风险（LER）和生态系统服务价值（ESV）纳入生态网络建设过程。通过对1990 - 2020年生态资源安全性的评价和生态网络结构变化的分析，提出了有针对性的ESP增强策略。结果表明：1990 - 2020年，LER价值下降，ESV价值损失3.36亿元；生态廊道减少84.47 km，生态源减少75.34 km2。空间上，研究区中北部生态廊道密度大，呈尖点聚集；东北和西北地区的资源量较大；中南部水源可达性高，但障碍密集；该地区的生态网络不断退化。提出了“生态水源地分区保护和生态网络协同修复”，将水源地划分为4类保护类型，重点修复中南3个水源地。优化后的网络包括25个源、53个廊道，形成了“三点两轴、一环一带、多源多廊、四区”的安全格局。研究结果为城市ESP规划和空间优化提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Importance of biocrusts for restoring ecosystem functions in two contrasting habitats of former sand mines 原沙矿两种不同生境生物结皮对恢复生态系统功能的重要性

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2026.107905

Kinga Szafrańska , Karolina Chowaniec , Kaja Skubała

Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are early colonizers of bare sand, forming a layer of microorganisms associated with soil particles. Former sand mines are examples of habitats that favor biocrust formation in a temperate climate. However, the flat area and slopes of sand mines create contrasting environmental conditions. In this study, we compared key biocrust functional indicators between biocrusts formed on flat areas and slopes to assess whether their traits support ecosystem functions, which may be useful in future restoration strategies. We expected that biocrusts on flat areas would exhibit higher microbiological activity due to more stable habitat conditions, whereas those on slopes would show higher exopolysaccharide (EPS) levels to reinforce slope stability. Our study showed that topography is an important driver of biocrust development and function, although its effects are closely intertwined with the dominance of photoautotrophic group. Biocrusts dominated by filamentous algae on flat area contributed to the improvement of soil conditions more effectively than cyanobacteria-dominated biocrusts developing on slopes owing to higher carbon fixation potential, stronger support for microbial activity, and better ability to maintain favorable moisture levels. On the other hand, cyanobacteria-dominated biocrusts contributed to soil stabilization and erosion control mainly through EPS secretion. Our results provide practical guidance for post-mining restoration by indicating that different biocrust types should be applied on slopes versus flat areas to improve restoration outcomes. We concluded that biocrusts can support ecosystem function and offer a promising tool for restoring former sand mines, especially where traditional vascular-plant-based methods are limited by unstable sandy soils.

生物土壤结皮（biocrusts）是裸沙的早期殖民者，形成与土壤颗粒相关的微生物层。以前的沙矿是温带气候下有利于生物结壳形成的栖息地的例子。然而，沙矿的平坦区域和斜坡形成了截然不同的环境条件。在本研究中，我们比较了平原和斜坡上形成的生物结皮的关键功能指标，以评估其特征是否支持生态系统功能，为未来的恢复策略提供参考。我们预计，平坦地区的生物结皮由于其稳定的生境条件而表现出较高的微生物活性，而斜坡上的生物结皮则表现出较高的胞外多糖（EPS）水平，从而加强了斜坡的稳定性。我们的研究表明，地形是生物结皮发育和功能的重要驱动因素，尽管其影响与光自养群的优势密切相关。平原区以丝状藻类为主的生物结皮比斜坡区以蓝藻为主的生物结皮具有更高的固碳潜力、更强的微生物活性支持和更好的维持水分水平的能力，对土壤条件的改善作用更大。另一方面，以蓝藻为主的生物外壳主要通过分泌EPS来稳定土壤和控制侵蚀。我们的研究结果为采后恢复提供了实际指导，表明在斜坡和平坦地区应采用不同的生物结皮类型来改善恢复效果。我们的结论是，生物结皮可以支持生态系统功能，并为恢复以前的沙矿提供了一个有前途的工具，特别是在传统的基于维管植物的方法受到不稳定沙质土壤的限制的情况下。

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引用次数: 0

A pathway to sustainability on the Tibetan Plateau: Assessing ecosystem services under climate change to identify conservation priority areas 青藏高原可持续发展之路：评估气候变化下的生态系统服务以确定优先保护区域

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2026.107908

Yuejun Liu , Yanjie Zhang , Xianglin Ji , Ying Pan , Junxi Wu

The impact of climate change on ecosystem services directly affects human well-being and sustainable development, particularly in the environmentally sensitive Tibetan Plateau. This study introduces a scenario-based framework to quantify the spatiotemporal dynamics of five key ecosystem services—soil conservation, carbon storage, water yield, habitat quality and recreational potential—during 2000–2020 and 2030–2050 under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP119, SSP245 and SSP585) scenarios. Subsequently, we delineated conservation priority areas (CPAs) for each service based on ecosystem services relative importance, and evaluated integrated ecosystem services conservation priority areas (IES_CPAs), National Nature Reserves (NNRs), and integrated conservation priority areas (ICPAs) in terms of temporal changes and protection efficiency. The results indicate higher levels of ecosystem services in the southeast, whereas the northwest faces greater ecological challenges, particularly under SSP585, where increases in carbon storage and water yield are accompanied by intensified spatial disparities. The extent of CPAs expanded continuously, with the fastest growth under SSP585; however, CPAs under SSP119 covered the largest area, producing a more balanced spatial configuration of ecosystem service protection. Although the spatial distribution of conservation zones was broadly similar across scenarios, their protection efficiency diverged: NNRs and ICPAs under SSP119 showed significantly higher efficiency in safeguarding water yield and soil conservation, whereas weaker outcomes were observed under SSP245 and SSP585 due to mounting ecological pressures. These findings demonstrate that low-emission pathways (SSP119) not only sustain higher protection efficiency but also enable more coherent spatial allocation of conservation areas. This study demonstrates that integrating ecosystem service assessments with scenario-based spatial prioritization produces a more coherent and efficient configuration of conservation areas. The framework offers a novel approach to reconcile mismatches between existing National Nature Reserves and service-based priorities, providing methodological guidance for future ecosystem service research.

气候变化对生态系统服务的影响直接影响人类福祉和可持续发展，特别是在环境敏感的青藏高原。本研究引入基于情景的框架，量化了2000-2020年和2030-2050年共享社会经济路径（SSP119、SSP245和SSP585）情景下5个关键生态系统服务功能（土壤保持、碳储量、水量、栖息地质量和游憩潜力）的时空动态。在此基础上，基于生态系统服务的相对重要性划分了不同服务类型的保护优先区，并对综合生态系统服务保护优先区（IES_CPAs）、国家级自然保护区（NNRs）和综合保护优先区（ICPAs）的时间变化和保护效率进行了评价。结果表明，东南地区生态系统服务水平较高，而西北地区面临更大的生态挑战，特别是在SSP585下，碳储量和水量的增加伴随着空间差异的加剧。注册会计师规模持续扩大，以SSP585下增长最快；而SSP119下的生态服务保护面积最大，形成了更为平衡的生态服务保护空间格局。尽管不同情景下保护区的空间分布大致相似，但它们的保护效率存在差异：SSP119下的nnr和icpa在保护水土保持方面的效率显著高于SSP245和SSP585，而SSP245和SSP585下由于生态压力的增加，保护效果较弱。这些结果表明，低排放路径（SSP119）不仅能维持较高的保护效率，而且能使保护区的空间分配更加连贯。该研究表明，将生态系统服务评估与基于场景的空间优先排序相结合，可以产生更连贯和有效的保护区配置。该框架提供了一种新的方法来调和现有国家自然保护区与基于服务的优先事项之间的不匹配，为未来的生态系统服务研究提供了方法指导。

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引用次数: 0

Linking scale-dependent ecosystem service interactions with driver-based zoning strategies: A case study of the Songnen Plain 规模依赖的生态系统服务互动与基于驾驶员的分区策略——以松嫩平原为例

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2026.107902

Sisi Yu , Jiacheng Huang , Shangshu Cai , Hongrun Ju , Aihui Jiang , Jianchao Chen , Kun Jin

Interactions among ecosystem services (ESs) and their driving forces across spatial scales are critical for ecological management, yet most studies emphasize spatial patterns rather than cross-scale interactions and their management implications. Focusing on the Songnen Plain, we developed an integrated framework combining Pearson correlation, cross-scale comparison, spectral clustering, and the Geographical Detector model to identify scale-dependent ES interactions, optimal management scale, and their drivers. Results show that (1) soil retention increased by 11.54% (p < 0.001) from 1990 to 2020, while water yield, carbon sequestration, and habitat quality declined slightly by −3.69% to −7.43% (p < 0.01), all with consistent south-east high and north-west low gradients; (2) Level 9 was identified as the optimal scale which captured the most significant synergies/trade-offs with low management complexity and cost; (3) seven ecological zones were delineated toward management, each with distinct ES capacities and interactions; and (4) landscape structure, drainage distribution, and human activity were dominant drivers, with seven factors identified as critical drivers for enhancing ES supply and mitigating trade-offs. Finally, we discussed targeted strategies for each ecological zone toward sustainability. Our research offers valuable insights into effective ecological management for both the Songnen Plain and similar regions.

生态系统服务之间的相互作用及其驱动力在空间尺度上对生态管理至关重要，但大多数研究都强调空间模式，而不是跨尺度的相互作用及其管理意义。以松嫩平原为研究对象，建立了Pearson相关、跨尺度比较、光谱聚类和地理探测器模型相结合的综合框架，以识别尺度相关ES相互作用、最优管理规模及其驱动因素。结果表明：(1)1990 ~ 2020年土壤保有量增加了11.54% (p < 0.001)，而产水量、固碳量和生境质量略有下降（p < 0.01），呈东南高西北低梯度；(2)第9级被确定为最优规模，以较低的管理复杂性和成本获得最显著的协同效应/权衡；(3)划分了7个生态区，每个生态区具有不同的生态系统能力和相互作用；(4)景观结构、排水分布和人类活动是主要驱动因素，其中7个因素被确定为增加ES供应和缓解权衡的关键驱动因素。最后，我们讨论了每个生态区的可持续发展目标策略。我们的研究为松嫩平原和类似地区的有效生态管理提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Waste-derived biochar as filter media in a compact vertical-flow constructed wetland treating raw domestic wastewater 垃圾衍生的生物炭作为过滤介质在紧凑垂直流人工湿地处理原始生活污水

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2026.107907

Eduardo Bello Rodrigues , Elisângela Edila Schneider , Tiago José Belli , Pablo Heleno Sezerino , Flávio Rubens Lapolli , Daniele Damasceno Silveira

The use of waste-derived materials as filter media in constructed wetlands (CWs) can enhance pollutant removal and contribute to the circular economy. This study evaluates industrial biochar (BC) residue directly sourced from a thermoelectric power plant, without any modification or pretreatment, as filter media in a compact vertical-flow constructed wetland (VFCW) on a pilot scale, treating raw domestic wastewater. The BC, characterized by a high surface area (428.3 m².g⁻¹), was applied as the filter material in a 3.1 m² module, operated for one year treating real domestic wastewater with an average hydraulic loading rate (HLR) of 0.4 m³ m⁻² d⁻¹ (3.5 days of feeding/3.5 days of resting). The system achieved stable operation under subtropical climatic conditions, with the following average concentrations/removal efficiencies: COD (60 ± 46 mg.L⁻¹/67 ± 22%), BOD₅ (22 ± 8 mg.L⁻¹/80 ± 11%), NH₄⁺-N (9 ± 7 mg.L⁻¹/65 ± 37%), PO₄⁻³-P (2 ± 1 mg.L⁻¹/50 ± 17%), and TSS (12 ± 16 mg.L⁻¹/94 ± 14%). Microbial community analysis revealed that biochar's distinctive physicochemical properties enhanced bacterial groups responsible for heterotrophic nitrification/autotrophic denitrification and simultaneous nitrification-denitrification, contributing significantly to total nitrogen removal. The evaluated industrial BC demonstrated good microbial activity and robust pollutant removal efficiencies, reinforcing its potential as a sustainable and efficient alternative. This study confirms the high applicability of biochar-based wetland system as a decentralized treatment technology, aligning wastewater treatment with circular economy strategies.

在人工湿地（CWs）中使用废物衍生材料作为过滤介质可以加强污染物的去除，并有助于循环经济。本研究评估了直接来自热电厂的工业生物炭（BC）残渣，未经任何改性或预处理，作为中试规模的紧密型垂直流人工湿地（VFCW）的过滤介质，处理原始生活废水。BC，其特点是高表面积（428.3平方米）。g−1)，在3.1 m2的模块中作为过滤材料，运行一年，平均水力负荷率（HLR）为0.4 m3 m−2 d−1（进料3.5天/休息3.5天）处理实际生活废水。该系统在亚热带气候条件下稳定运行，平均去除率为：COD(60±46 mg)；L−1/67±22%),BOD5(22±8 mg。L−1/80±11%),NH4+-N(9±7 mg。L−1/65±37%),PO4−3-P(2±1 mg。L−1/50±17%)，TSS（12±16 mg）。l−1/94±14%)。微生物群落分析表明，生物炭独特的理化性质增加了负责异养硝化/自养反硝化和同时硝化-反硝化的细菌群，对总氮的去除有显著贡献。经评估的工业BC表现出良好的微生物活性和强大的污染物去除效率，增强了其作为可持续和高效替代品的潜力。本研究证实了生物炭湿地系统作为分散式处理技术的高适用性，使废水处理与循环经济战略相结合。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing nursery production of Rhizophora mangle L. for ecological restoration of degraded mangroves 红树林退化生态恢复中根霉苗圃生产优化

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2026.107901

Cândida Juliana Albertin-Santos , Mariana Caroline Gomes de Lima , Robson Souza , Laureen Michelle Houllou

Mangrove forests are among the most threatened yet ecologically valuable ecosystems, providing coastal protection, biodiversity support, and climate change mitigation. Successful restoration depends on the availability of high-quality seedlings able to withstand post-planting stress under variable field conditions. Here, we evaluated the growth and development of Rhizophora mangle L. seedlings cultivated in four substrate types, native mangrove soil, vermiculite, a commercial forest substrate (Basaplant Florestal®), and a 50/50 vermiculite, Basaplant mixture, over 13 weeks. Morphometric traits (total length, stem diameter, leaf traits, and root development) were measured and statistically analyzed. Seedlings grown in commercial substrate and vermiculite showed superior performance compared to those in native mangrove soil, which, although ecologically representative, exhibited lower growth and presents logistical constraints for large-scale use. By identifying scalable and environmentally sustainable alternatives to natural mangrove soil, this study advances nursery technologies that directly support mangrove restoration programs. Our findings contribute to ecological engineering strategies for habitat reconstruction, enhancing coastal resilience, and achieving global restoration targets such as those defined by the Global Mangrove Alliance.

红树林是最受威胁但具有生态价值的生态系统之一，提供海岸保护、生物多样性支持和减缓气候变化。成功的恢复取决于能否获得高质量的幼苗，这些幼苗能够在可变的田间条件下承受种植后的压力。在这里，我们评估了在四种基质类型（原生红树林土壤、蛭石、商业森林基质（Basaplant Florestal®）和50/50的蛭石、Basaplant混合物）中培养的根霉（Rhizophora mangle L.）幼苗的生长发育情况，为期13周。形态计量性状（总长度、茎粗、叶片性状和根系发育）测定并进行统计分析。与原生红树林土壤相比，在商业基质和蛭石中生长的幼苗表现出更好的性能，原生红树林土壤虽然具有生态代表性，但生长速度较低，并且对大规模使用存在后勤限制。通过确定可扩展且环境可持续的天然红树林土壤替代品，本研究推进了直接支持红树林恢复计划的苗圃技术。我们的研究结果有助于生境重建的生态工程策略，增强沿海恢复力，实现全球红树林联盟（global红树林Alliance）确定的全球恢复目标。

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引用次数: 0

Long-term monitoring of a constructed wetland under high seasonal variations 高季节变化下人工湿地的长期监测

IF 4.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Engineering

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2026.107903

Tomáš Lukáč , Miloslav Drtil , Igor Bodík , Kristína Ščavnická , Tomáš Mackuľak , Ines Vavrová , Zuzana Imreová

This study presents the results of a long-term monitoring campaign (July 2020–August 2024) of a hybrid constructed wetland (CW) located near a recreational facility in the village of Častá, Slovakia. The CW treats wastewater under seasonally fluctuating loads, utilizing a horizontal filter bed (HF) followed by two vertical filter beds (VF). Throughout the monitoring period, the system demonstrated high treatment efficiency, with average removal rates of 93.46% for COD and 92.18% for ammonium nitrogen (N_amon). Total phosphorus (P_tot) removal was comparatively lower (32.20%) but showed a clear seasonal dependency. The average N_tot concentration during the monitoring period was 77.94 mg L⁻¹. Seasonal variations in influent loading and HRT had no negative impact on effluent quality, which consistently met both national and internal regulatory limits. The performance of the individual filtration stages was supported by analyses of microbial activity and N_amon oxidation kinetics, which confirmed ongoing biological processes even during winter. Correlation and PCA analyses indicated the influence of operational parameters (hydraulic and organic loading, temperature) on treatment efficiency and emphasized the system's adaptability to changing environmental conditions (temperature, vegetation). The study confirms the suitability of CW technology for locations where connection to a centralized sewer system is not feasible due to economic or geographical constraints.

本研究介绍了位于斯洛伐克Častá村娱乐设施附近的混合人工湿地（CW）的长期监测活动（2020年7月至2024年8月）的结果。连续流化床在季节性波动负荷下处理废水，利用一个水平过滤床（HF）和两个垂直过滤床（VF）。在整个监测期间，系统显示出较高的处理效率，COD的平均去除率为93.46%，铵态氮（Namon）的平均去除率为92.18%。总磷去除率相对较低（32.20%），但具有明显的季节依赖性。监测期间Ntot平均浓度为77.94 mg L−1。进水负荷和HRT的季节变化对出水质量没有负面影响，出水质量始终符合国家和内部监管限制。微生物活性和纳蒙氧化动力学分析支持了单个过滤阶段的性能，证实了即使在冬季也在进行生物过程。相关分析和主成分分析表明了运行参数（水力和有机负荷、温度）对处理效率的影响，并强调了系统对变化的环境条件（温度、植被）的适应性。该研究证实，在由于经济或地理限制而无法连接集中式下水道系统的地区，CW技术是合适的。

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引用次数: 0