Design and development of hexagonal-shaped copper and liquid metamaterial-loaded superstrate patch antenna for 5G, WLAN, tracking and detection applications

IF 6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Ain Shams Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.asej.2024.103236

Meshari Alsharari , Raj Agravat , Sunil Lavadiya , Ammar Armghan , Khaled Aliqab , Shobhit K. Patel

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Abstract

The novel T-shaped patch antenna with the superstrate approach is planned in the manuscript. The FR-4 dielectric material is used as a superstrate and substrate. The hexagonal-shaped rings are loaded in the superstrate to enable the metamaterial property in the structure. The copper-loaded metamaterial and liquid Sea water-loaded metamaterial are used in the planned antenna which increases the gain and BW of the planned antenna design. Different parametric analyses like the varying height of the superstrate and changing spacing among SRR rings are considered to achieve an optimum response. The analysis concerning S₁₁, gain, and directivity is carried out among simple patch antenna, copper ring loaded structure and seawater loaded structure. The frequency span of 1 GHz to 12 GHz is considered for analysis. The planned designs provide a minimum S₁₁ of −49.16 dB in CMRNGS, a Gain of 6.92 dB in SMRNGS, and a highest directivity of 8.56 dB for 8.83 GHz resonance. The planned design is compared with other papers to check the improvement of this planned antenna design. The Simulated and assessed responses were also compared and analysed. The planned design is suitable for 5G, WLAN, tracking and detection applications.

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来源期刊

Ain Shams Engineering Journal Engineering-General Engineering

CiteScore

10.80

自引率

13.30%

发文量

441

审稿时长

49 weeks

期刊介绍： in Shams Engineering Journal is an international journal devoted to publication of peer reviewed original high-quality research papers and review papers in both traditional topics and those of emerging science and technology. Areas of both theoretical and fundamental interest as well as those concerning industrial applications, emerging instrumental techniques and those which have some practical application to an aspect of human endeavor, such as the preservation of the environment, health, waste disposal are welcome. The overall focus is on original and rigorous scientific research results which have generic significance. Ain Shams Engineering Journal focuses upon aspects of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, civil engineering, chemical engineering, petroleum engineering, environmental engineering, architectural and urban planning engineering. Papers in which knowledge from other disciplines is integrated with engineering are especially welcome like nanotechnology, material sciences, and computational methods as well as applied basic sciences: engineering mathematics, physics and chemistry.