Construction of durable biomass-based flame retardant with high phosphorus and nitrogen contents for wood coatings

IF 6.3 2区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE Polymer Degradation and Stability Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2024.111160

An Wei , Shunxiang Wang , Xulan Lu , Yongjin Zou , Cuili Xiang , Fen Xu , Lixian Sun , Yunhao Lu

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Abstract

As a commonly used material, wood's inherent flammability poses a significant fire safety hazard to people, and it is necessary to improve the flame-retardant performance of wood. This study prepared a novel lignin-based intumescent flame-retardant (PGL) using phosphorus-rich phytic acid, nitrogen-rich guanazole, and carbon-rich lignin as raw materials. Subsequently, PGL was infiltrated into the urea-formaldehyde resin as a flame-retardant component, and a series of PGL-modified urea-formaldehyde resin wood coatings (PGLUF) were prepared. The wood coated with PGLUF exhibited high flame retardancy and passed the UL-94 V-0 level test with a limit of oxygen index (LOI) of 36.5 %. The total heat release (THR) and peak heat release rate (PHRR) were reduced by 92.73 % and 93.58 %, respectively, compared to pure wood. Moreover, when the PGL content was 3 wt.%, the PGLUF could achieve comparable flame retardancy to the coating containing 5 wt.% commercial flame-retardant (triphenyl phosphate, TPP). PGL also exhibited a plasticizing effect on the coatings. The impact strength of PGLUF-coated wood increased with the increase of PGL content. PGL can simultaneously enhance the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of materials, and the preparation process is green and safe. Therefore, the PGL shows excellent potential in practical applications.

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木材作为一种常用材料，其固有的易燃性给人们带来了极大的消防安全隐患，因此有必要提高木材的阻燃性能。本研究以富含磷的植酸、富含氮的胍唑和富含碳的木质素为原料，制备了一种新型木质素基膨胀型阻燃剂（PGL）。随后，将 PGL 作为阻燃成分渗入脲醛树脂中，制备出一系列 PGL 改性脲醛树脂木涂料（PGLUF）。涂有 PGLUF 的木材具有很高的阻燃性，通过了 UL-94 V-0 级测试，氧指数（LOI）为 36.5%。与纯木材相比，总放热量（THR）和峰值放热率（PHRR）分别降低了 92.73 % 和 93.58 %。此外，当 PGL 含量为 3 wt.%时，PGLUF 的阻燃性能与含 5 wt.% 商用阻燃剂（磷酸三苯酯，TPP）的涂层相当。PGL 还对涂层具有增塑作用。PGLUF 涂层木材的冲击强度随着 PGL 含量的增加而增加。PGL 可同时提高材料的阻燃性和机械性能，而且制备过程绿色安全。因此，PGL 在实际应用中显示出巨大的潜力。

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来源期刊

Polymer Degradation and Stability 化学-高分子科学

CiteScore

10.10

自引率

10.20%

发文量

325

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： Polymer Degradation and Stability deals with the degradation reactions and their control which are a major preoccupation of practitioners of the many and diverse aspects of modern polymer technology. Deteriorative reactions occur during processing, when polymers are subjected to heat, oxygen and mechanical stress, and during the useful life of the materials when oxygen and sunlight are the most important degradative agencies. In more specialised applications, degradation may be induced by high energy radiation, ozone, atmospheric pollutants, mechanical stress, biological action, hydrolysis and many other influences. The mechanisms of these reactions and stabilisation processes must be understood if the technology and application of polymers are to continue to advance. The reporting of investigations of this kind is therefore a major function of this journal. However there are also new developments in polymer technology in which degradation processes find positive applications. For example, photodegradable plastics are now available, the recycling of polymeric products will become increasingly important, degradation and combustion studies are involved in the definition of the fire hazards which are associated with polymeric materials and the microelectronics industry is vitally dependent upon polymer degradation in the manufacture of its circuitry. Polymer properties may also be improved by processes like curing and grafting, the chemistry of which can be closely related to that which causes physical deterioration in other circumstances.