Enhancing remediation efficiency of cadmium-contaminated soil: integrating forage-microorganism systems with agronomic strategies.

IF 3.8 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Environmental Geochemistry and Health Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI:10.1007/s10653-025-02383-2

Rou Chen, Xiaoming Chen, Yuxuan Xu, Imran Ali, Wenkun Zhu, Jikai Liu, Qing Wang, Wenyi Huang, Xueqi Dai

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Abstract

Soil contamination due to heavy metals, especially cadmium (Cd), poses a growing concern. This study seeks to develop an economical and non-polluting sustainable remediation program for Cd-contaminated soil to address this issue. This study pioneered the exploration of Cd accumulation patterns in three forage species: Lolium multiflorum Lamk (LMJS), Sorghum bicolor × sudanense (SSBJ), and Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf (SUJS) to identify their optimal harvest periods in Cd-contaminated soils. Additionally, a consortium of beneficial microorganisms (combinations of C, F, and H; C: 10% Bacillus subtilis; F: 20% Bacillus subtilis + 10% Bacillus cereus + 20% Citrobacter; H: 20% Deinococcus radiodurans + 10% Bacillus cereus) was implemented, with a focus on developing an efficient forage-microbial co-remediation system. Subsequently, agronomic strategies (mowing or chelating agents) were employed to improve the Cd enrichment capacity of the combined forage-microbe remediation system, offering sustainable field remediation strategies. The results indicate that the SSBJ + F combined remediation system was mowed on the 60th day (stubble left at 35 cm, light mowing) and harvested on the 120th day as the optimal choice. The bioaccumulation quantity (BCQ) unit accumulation in Cd-contaminated soil at a concentration of 10 mg/kg reached 0.397 mg/kg, and the annual Cd removal rate was 9.23%, representing a 29.63% increase compared to the control group. The results of this study provide valuable insights into the development of practical, field-applicable remedial measures for cadmium-contaminated soils while minimizing environmental impacts.

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提高镉污染土壤的修复效率：将牧草-微生物系统与农艺策略相结合。

重金属，特别是镉（Cd）引起的土壤污染日益引起人们的关注。本研究旨在开发一种经济、无污染、可持续的cd污染土壤修复方案来解决这一问题。本研究首次探索了3种牧草：多花Lolium multiflorum Lamk （LMJS）、双色苏丹高粱（SSBJ）和苏丹高粱（Piper） Stapf （SUJS）在Cd污染土壤中的Cd积累模式，以确定它们的最佳采收期。此外，有益微生物(C、F和H的组合；C: 10%枯草芽孢杆菌；F: 20%枯草芽孢杆菌+ 10%蜡样芽孢杆菌+ 20%柠檬酸杆菌；H: 20%耐辐射球菌+ 10%蜡样芽孢杆菌)，重点开发高效的牧草-微生物协同修复系统。随后，采用农艺策略（割草或螯合剂）提高牧草-微生物复合修复系统的Cd富集能力，提供可持续的田间修复策略。结果表明，SSBJ + F复合修复体系在第60天（留茬35 cm，轻割）进行刈割，第120天收获是最优选择。浓度为10 mg/kg时，Cd污染土壤的生物累积量（BCQ）单位累积量达到0.397 mg/kg，年Cd去除率为9.23%，比对照组提高29.63%。本研究的结果为开发实用的、现场适用的镉污染土壤补救措施提供了有价值的见解，同时尽量减少对环境的影响。

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来源期刊

Environmental Geochemistry and Health 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

8.00

自引率

4.80%

发文量

279

审稿时长

4.2 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Geochemistry and Health publishes original research papers and review papers across the broad field of environmental geochemistry. Environmental geochemistry and health establishes and explains links between the natural or disturbed chemical composition of the earth’s surface and the health of plants, animals and people. Beneficial elements regulate or promote enzymatic and hormonal activity whereas other elements may be toxic. Bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of water and vegetation. Environmental issues, such as pollution, arising from the extraction and use of mineral resources, are discussed. The effects of contaminants introduced into the earth’s geochemical systems are examined. Geochemical surveys of soil, water and plants show how major and trace elements are distributed geographically. Associated epidemiological studies reveal the possibility of causal links between the natural or disturbed geochemical environment and disease. Experimental research illuminates the nature or consequences of natural or disturbed geochemical processes. The journal particularly welcomes novel research linking environmental geochemistry and health issues on such topics as: heavy metals (including mercury), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and mixed chemicals emitted through human activities, such as uncontrolled recycling of electronic-waste; waste recycling; surface-atmospheric interaction processes (natural and anthropogenic emissions, vertical transport, deposition, and physical-chemical interaction) of gases and aerosols; phytoremediation/restoration of contaminated sites; food contamination and safety; environmental effects of medicines; effects and toxicity of mixed pollutants; speciation of heavy metals/metalloids; effects of mining; disturbed geochemistry from human behavior, natural or man-made hazards; particle and nanoparticle toxicology; risk and the vulnerability of populations, etc.