"It Needs to Become a Norm Again and Not Make It Feel Like It's Something so Foreign": (Re)normalizing and Reclaiming Breastfeeding in African American Families.

Abstract

Purpose: To explore the lived experiences and perspectives of 3 generations of African American women regarding breastfeeding within their historical and cultural contexts, and to identify factors influencing their breastfeeding decisions and practices.

Background: African American communities have a rich cultural heritage that includes infant nurturing. However, breastfeeding rates among African American mothers are comparatively low due to various societal factors, despite well-established health benefits. This disparity stems from historical trauma, socioeconomic inequities, and systemic barriers that disrupt community breastfeeding norms.

Methods: This study presents a secondary analysis of data from an original qualitative study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 African American women from 15 family dyads/triads across 3 generations. Data were reexamined using deductive thematic analysis, allowing for emergent themes.

Results: Six main themes emerged: intergenerational dynamics, tenacity/grit, self-empowerment, Blactivism, overcoming guilt, and a supportive breastfeeding ecosystem. These themes collectively form the framework of "(Re)Normalizing and Reclaiming Breastfeeding in African American Families," highlighting patients' resilience and agency in reclaiming breastfeeding practices.

Conclusions: This study provides valuable insights into the complex factors influencing breastfeeding decisions and experiences among African American women. Findings underscore the importance of intergenerational support, self-empowerment, community activism, and a nurturing ecosystem in renormalizing breastfeeding within the African American community.

Implications: Results can inform the development of culturally relevant interventions, policies, and support systems that promote breastfeeding equity and empowerment. Future research could focus on implementing and evaluating these strategies while addressing historical trauma and ongoing systemic barriers faced by African American women.