2D Ti3C2Tx–xGnP incorporating PVDF/PMMA blend composites for dielectric capacitors

Abstract

A comprehensive study of the dielectric and ferroelectric characteristics of polymer composites of xGnP–MXene hybrids (GMHs) in PVDF/PMMA blend films made via a solution casting method is reported. In the present study, we processed a flexible dielectric material by utilizing xGnP–MXene hybrids (GMHs) in a PVDF/PMMA blend. The heterogeneous polymer–polymer and polymer–GMH interactions in these hybrid nanocomposites (HNCs), as well as the composition-dependent crystal phases of the PVDF, were validated by the structural and morphological characteristics. The permittivity and AC conductivity of a composite containing 15 wt% hybrids are 157.4 and 8.04 × 10⁻⁸ S cm⁻¹ at 100 Hz, respectively. These values are 15 times and 5 orders of magnitude greater than those of the pure blend. Thermal analysis showed 13.59% crystallinity for 15 wt% HNCs. The maximum energy density of the 15 wt% HNC is 2.78 J cm⁻³, and its power density is 12.12 MW cm⁻³. An excellent balance of dielectric properties was accomplished by combining Ti₃C₂T_x and xGnP in a suitable (1 : 1 wt%) ratio. The processed materials are particularly effective in flexible microelectronic devices and are especially efficient at storing energy in dielectric capacitors.