Anoth Maharjan, Mi-Reu Kim, Wonho Choi, Hyoung-Chin Kim, Jung-Ho Park
Commercialization has been primarily responsible for the recent sharp rise seen in energy consumption, which has coincided with an increasing global population. The lack of resources, higher costs, impacts on the ecosystem, and effects on climate are all the results of the continuous usage of fossil fuels. Biofuels, which are renewable energy sources, can be used instead of fossil fuels to promote sustainable energy development. Thus, the issues caused by the fossil fuel crisis may be mitigated by sustainable energy development through the use of green renewable energy sources. Because biofuels are non-toxic, sulfur-free, biodegradable, and renewable, they have been explored as alternatives to non-petroleum-based fuels for transportation. This article provides a comprehensive overview of advanced technologies used in the production of advanced biofuels.
{"title":"Advanced biofuels: a path to sustainable energy","authors":"Anoth Maharjan, Mi-Reu Kim, Wonho Choi, Hyoung-Chin Kim, Jung-Ho Park","doi":"10.1039/d4se00536h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4se00536h","url":null,"abstract":"Commercialization has been primarily responsible for the recent sharp rise seen in energy consumption, which has coincided with an increasing global population. The lack of resources, higher costs, impacts on the ecosystem, and effects on climate are all the results of the continuous usage of fossil fuels. Biofuels, which are renewable energy sources, can be used instead of fossil fuels to promote sustainable energy development. Thus, the issues caused by the fossil fuel crisis may be mitigated by sustainable energy development through the use of green renewable energy sources. Because biofuels are non-toxic, sulfur-free, biodegradable, and renewable, they have been explored as alternatives to non-petroleum-based fuels for transportation. This article provides a comprehensive overview of advanced technologies used in the production of advanced biofuels.","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141532320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Creating supercapacitor electrodes using environmentally friendly, sustainable, and renewable materials is crucial for adopting a green and eco-conscious strategy. Chemically stable and renewable cellulose-based supercapacitors need high-quality carbon materials with excellent mechanical and electrical characteristics to create a three-dimensional network-based electrode. Nevertheless, using cellulose as a supercapacitor electrode with enhanced electrochemical characteristics presents a difficulty. This paper describes the creation and production of electrodes for supercapacitors using nano-composites consisting of maleic anhydride-tuned cellulose nanocrystals (MACNC) wrapped around single-walled carbon nanotubes to enhance performance. The electrode's optimal electrochemical characteristics were achieved by using a concentration of 9wt% MACNC/CNT nano-composites. The proposed electrode material for the MACNC-based flexible supercapacitor assembly demonstrates outstanding electrochemical stability and effective electrochemical performance. It achieves an areal capacitance of 1389.202 mF/cm2 at a current density of 0.005 A/cm2, with 91% retention after 4,000 cycles, when tested in a three-electrode cell configuration. This study effectively converted agricultural waste into high-performing supercapacitor electrodes using a simple and cost-efficient method. This innovative design and outstanding electrochemical performance show great promise in using environmentally friendly materials to improve nanocellulose-based sustainable energy storage systems.
{"title":"Investigating the Electrochemical Performance of Maleic Anhydride-Tuned Cellulose Nanocrystals and Single-Wall Carbon Nanosheet Hybrids for Supercapacitor Applications","authors":"Nitesh Choudhary, Shiva Singh, Gaurav Malik, Shakshi Bhardwaj, Siddharth Sharma, Akshay Tomar, Sheetal Issar, Ramesh Chandra, Pradip Kumar Maji","doi":"10.1039/d4se00286e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4se00286e","url":null,"abstract":"Creating supercapacitor electrodes using environmentally friendly, sustainable, and renewable materials is crucial for adopting a green and eco-conscious strategy. Chemically stable and renewable cellulose-based supercapacitors need high-quality carbon materials with excellent mechanical and electrical characteristics to create a three-dimensional network-based electrode. Nevertheless, using cellulose as a supercapacitor electrode with enhanced electrochemical characteristics presents a difficulty. This paper describes the creation and production of electrodes for supercapacitors using nano-composites consisting of maleic anhydride-tuned cellulose nanocrystals (MACNC) wrapped around single-walled carbon nanotubes to enhance performance. The electrode's optimal electrochemical characteristics were achieved by using a concentration of 9wt% MACNC/CNT nano-composites. The proposed electrode material for the MACNC-based flexible supercapacitor assembly demonstrates outstanding electrochemical stability and effective electrochemical performance. It achieves an areal capacitance of 1389.202 mF/cm2 at a current density of 0.005 A/cm2, with 91% retention after 4,000 cycles, when tested in a three-electrode cell configuration. This study effectively converted agricultural waste into high-performing supercapacitor electrodes using a simple and cost-efficient method. This innovative design and outstanding electrochemical performance show great promise in using environmentally friendly materials to improve nanocellulose-based sustainable energy storage systems.","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141528023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carles Tortosa Valdés, Marina Navarro-Segarra, Pedro Guerrero, de la Caba K., Juan Pablo Esquivel
Environmental impacts from the fashion industry are at the top of global pollution. Fiber’s production, fabric preparation and distribution, and disposal of textiles, combined with the excessive consumerism of clothing, result in the wastage of thousands of million cubic meters of fresh water, the release of gigatons of CO2 equivalent, and tenths of million metric tons of textile waste generation every year. This situation evidences that there is an urgent and mandatory need to change the fashion paradigm, but, even if accomplished, the current textile waste spread worldwide still needs to be managed in an environmentally conscious way. Upcycling textile waste by pyrolisis is gaining interest as an alternative management option. The goal is to endow waste with new functionalities for its repurpose into new applications. This study focuses on applying pyrolysis to convert discarded clothing into a conductive carbon textile while avoiding treatments with hazardous chemicals. Envisioned to be applied for current collection in all-organic primary power sources, the ultimate goal is to replace synthetic polymers in commercial carbon current collectors. Actual textile waste has been successfully pyrolyzed without the need of pre-treatments nor activation. The structural composition of the samples was studied by SEM, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, EDS and BET surface area. Electrical and electrochemical characterization showed their suitability as current collectors, which was demonstrated by building an aqueous metal-free organic primary battery. A system of innocuous quinone-based redox chemistry coupled with the revalorized collectors delivered 11.17 mA·cm-2 and 1.4 mW·cm-2 of power density, proving the feasibility of the proposed application.
{"title":"Conductive carbon fabric generation from single-step upcycling of textile waste","authors":"Carles Tortosa Valdés, Marina Navarro-Segarra, Pedro Guerrero, de la Caba K., Juan Pablo Esquivel","doi":"10.1039/d3se01722b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d3se01722b","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental impacts from the fashion industry are at the top of global pollution. Fiber’s production, fabric preparation and distribution, and disposal of textiles, combined with the excessive consumerism of clothing, result in the wastage of thousands of million cubic meters of fresh water, the release of gigatons of CO2 equivalent, and tenths of million metric tons of textile waste generation every year. This situation evidences that there is an urgent and mandatory need to change the fashion paradigm, but, even if accomplished, the current textile waste spread worldwide still needs to be managed in an environmentally conscious way. Upcycling textile waste by pyrolisis is gaining interest as an alternative management option. The goal is to endow waste with new functionalities for its repurpose into new applications. This study focuses on applying pyrolysis to convert discarded clothing into a conductive carbon textile while avoiding treatments with hazardous chemicals. Envisioned to be applied for current collection in all-organic primary power sources, the ultimate goal is to replace synthetic polymers in commercial carbon current collectors. Actual textile waste has been successfully pyrolyzed without the need of pre-treatments nor activation. The structural composition of the samples was studied by SEM, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, EDS and BET surface area. Electrical and electrochemical characterization showed their suitability as current collectors, which was demonstrated by building an aqueous metal-free organic primary battery. A system of innocuous quinone-based redox chemistry coupled with the revalorized collectors delivered 11.17 mA·cm-2 and 1.4 mW·cm-2 of power density, proving the feasibility of the proposed application.","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141528108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prakash Prashanth, Jad Elmourad, Carla Grobler, Stewart Isaacs, Syed Shayan Zahid, James Abel, Christoph Falter, Thibaud Fritz, Florian Allroggen, Jayant S. Sabnis, Sebastian D. Eastham, Raymond L. Speth, Steven R. H. Barrett
The fundamental challenge facing today's aviation industry is to achieve net zero climate impacts while simultaneously sustaining growth and global connectivity. Aviation's impact on surface air quality, which is comparable to aviation's climate impact when monetized, further heightens this challenge. Prior studies have proposed solutions that aim to mitigate either aviation's climate or air quality impacts. No previous work has proposed an aircraft-energy system that simultaneously addresses both aviation's climate and air quality impacts. In this paper we (1) use a multi-disciplinary design approach to optimize aircraft and propulsion systems, (2) estimate lifecycle costs and emissions of producing sustainable fuels including the embodied emissions associated with electricity generation and fuel production, (3) use trajectory optimization to quantify the fuel penalty to avoid persistent contrail formation based on a full year of global flight operations (including, for the first time, contrail avoidance for a hydrogen burning aircraft), and (4) quantify climate and air quality benefits of the proposed solutions using a simplified climate model and sensitivities derived from a global chemistry transport model. We propagate uncertainties in environmental impacts using a Monte-Carlo approach. We use these models to propose and analyze near-zero environmental impact aircraft, which we define as having net zero climate warming and a greater than 95% reduction in air quality impacts relative to present day. We contrast the environmental impacts of today's aircraft-energy system against one built around either “drop-in” fuels or hydrogen. We find that a “zero-impact” aircraft is possible using either hydrogen or power-to-liquid “drop-in” fuels. The proposed aircraft-energy systems reduce combined climate and air quality impacts by 99%, with fuel costs increasing by 40% for hydrogen and 70% for power-to-liquid fueled aircraft relative to today's fleet (i.e., within the range of historical jet fuel price variation). Beyond the specific case presented here, this work presents a framework for holistic analysis of future aviation systems that considers both climate and air quality impacts.
{"title":"Near-zero environmental impact aircraft","authors":"Prakash Prashanth, Jad Elmourad, Carla Grobler, Stewart Isaacs, Syed Shayan Zahid, James Abel, Christoph Falter, Thibaud Fritz, Florian Allroggen, Jayant S. Sabnis, Sebastian D. Eastham, Raymond L. Speth, Steven R. H. Barrett","doi":"10.1039/d4se00419a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4se00419a","url":null,"abstract":"The fundamental challenge facing today's aviation industry is to achieve net zero climate impacts while simultaneously sustaining growth and global connectivity. Aviation's impact on surface air quality, which is comparable to aviation's climate impact when monetized, further heightens this challenge. Prior studies have proposed solutions that aim to mitigate either aviation's climate or air quality impacts. No previous work has proposed an aircraft-energy system that simultaneously addresses both aviation's climate and air quality impacts. In this paper we (1) use a multi-disciplinary design approach to optimize aircraft and propulsion systems, (2) estimate lifecycle costs and emissions of producing sustainable fuels including the embodied emissions associated with electricity generation and fuel production, (3) use trajectory optimization to quantify the fuel penalty to avoid persistent contrail formation based on a full year of global flight operations (including, for the first time, contrail avoidance for a hydrogen burning aircraft), and (4) quantify climate and air quality benefits of the proposed solutions using a simplified climate model and sensitivities derived from a global chemistry transport model. We propagate uncertainties in environmental impacts using a Monte-Carlo approach. We use these models to propose and analyze near-zero environmental impact aircraft, which we define as having net zero climate warming and a greater than 95% reduction in air quality impacts relative to present day. We contrast the environmental impacts of today's aircraft-energy system against one built around either “drop-in” fuels or hydrogen. We find that a “zero-impact” aircraft is possible using either hydrogen or power-to-liquid “drop-in” fuels. The proposed aircraft-energy systems reduce combined climate and air quality impacts by 99%, with fuel costs increasing by 40% for hydrogen and 70% for power-to-liquid fueled aircraft relative to today's fleet (<em>i.e.</em>, within the range of historical jet fuel price variation). Beyond the specific case presented here, this work presents a framework for holistic analysis of future aviation systems that considers both climate and air quality impacts.","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141528020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ilya Martynov, Aleksandra Zhivchikova, Mikhail Tereshchenko, Iliya E. Kuznetsov, Stepan Baryshev, Valentyn Volkov, Marina Tepliakova, Alexander V Akkuratov, Aleksey V. Arsenin
There is a renascence in the use of triphenylamine-based donor materials (TPA) in the field of perovskite photovoltaics. This work presents the synthesis of two novel conjugated small molecules (CSM's), TPA-t and TPA-t EH, which are functionalized with triisopropylsilyl groups and 2-ethylhexyl side chains. These molecules show promise as hole transport materials, which possess high hole mobilities of 1.5 × 10-4 and 2.9 × 10-3 cm2 V−1 s-1. TPA-t and TPA-t EH possess HOMO energy levels at -5.38 and -5.31 eV, which are well-aligned with valence band of standard perovskite MAPbI3.This resulted in outstanding open-circuit voltages of 1100 and 1080 mV. TPA-based molecules were investigated as HTLs in n-i-p PSCs without additional doping and enabled high efficiency (17.3 %) same as for devices with state-of-the-art polytriarylamine (PTAA) HTL. The obtained results suggest that developed materials could potentially compete with PTAA when further material structure modification
{"title":"Conjugated Small Molecules Based on Alkylsilyl-Modified Triphenylamine: A Promising Hole Transport Materials in Perovskite Photovoltaics","authors":"Ilya Martynov, Aleksandra Zhivchikova, Mikhail Tereshchenko, Iliya E. Kuznetsov, Stepan Baryshev, Valentyn Volkov, Marina Tepliakova, Alexander V Akkuratov, Aleksey V. Arsenin","doi":"10.1039/d4se00521j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4se00521j","url":null,"abstract":"There is a renascence in the use of triphenylamine-based donor materials (TPA) in the field of perovskite photovoltaics. This work presents the synthesis of two novel conjugated small molecules (CSM's), TPA-t and TPA-t EH, which are functionalized with triisopropylsilyl groups and 2-ethylhexyl side chains. These molecules show promise as hole transport materials, which possess high hole mobilities of 1.5 × 10-4 and 2.9 × 10-3 cm2 V−1 s-1. TPA-t and TPA-t EH possess HOMO energy levels at -5.38 and -5.31 eV, which are well-aligned with valence band of standard perovskite MAPbI3.This resulted in outstanding open-circuit voltages of 1100 and 1080 mV. TPA-based molecules were investigated as HTLs in n-i-p PSCs without additional doping and enabled high efficiency (17.3 %) same as for devices with state-of-the-art polytriarylamine (PTAA) HTL. The obtained results suggest that developed materials could potentially compete with PTAA when further material structure modification","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141528021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Narendra Naik Deshavath, William Woodruff, Vijay Singh
Hydrothermal pretreatment is a promising approach to lignocellulosic biomass processing for enzymatic hydrolysis and high-yield bioethanol fermentation, as it reduces downstream inhibitor content and the amount of toxic byproducts generated. In this study, the ethanol yield and productivity of an engineered xylose-fermenting strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were tested on lignocellulosic hydrolysates produced with varying citrate buffer concentration, solid loading, supplemental nitrogen source, and feedstock of origin, and a semi-integrated bioprocess which integrates enzymatic hydrolysis and bioethanol fermentation was developed. The greatest ethanol yields (gp/gs) of 0.490 ± 0.008, 0.460 ± 0.001, 0.420 ± 0.002 and 0.410 ± 0.002 were obtained from bioenergy sorghum (BES), Miscanthus × giganteus (MG), energy cane (EC), and oilcane (OC), respectively. In addition, an equivalent of 291 L, 253.54 L, 257.8 L, and 260.3 L of bioethanol were produced per ton of BES, MG, EC, and OC, respectively, by using urea as a nitrogen source in a bioreactor.
{"title":"Sustainable strategies to achieve industrial ethanol titers from different bioenergy feedstocks: scale-up approach for better ethanol yield","authors":"Narendra Naik Deshavath, William Woodruff, Vijay Singh","doi":"10.1039/d4se00520a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4se00520a","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrothermal pretreatment is a promising approach to lignocellulosic biomass processing for enzymatic hydrolysis and high-yield bioethanol fermentation, as it reduces downstream inhibitor content and the amount of toxic byproducts generated. In this study, the ethanol yield and productivity of an engineered xylose-fermenting strain of <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> were tested on lignocellulosic hydrolysates produced with varying citrate buffer concentration, solid loading, supplemental nitrogen source, and feedstock of origin, and a semi-integrated bioprocess which integrates enzymatic hydrolysis and bioethanol fermentation was developed. The greatest ethanol yields (g<small><sub>p</sub></small>/g<small><sub>s</sub></small>) of 0.490 ± 0.008, 0.460 ± 0.001, 0.420 ± 0.002 and 0.410 ± 0.002 were obtained from bioenergy sorghum (BES), <em>Miscanthus</em> × <em>giganteus</em> (MG), energy cane (EC), and oilcane (OC), respectively. In addition, an equivalent of 291 L, 253.54 L, 257.8 L, and 260.3 L of bioethanol were produced per ton of BES, MG, EC, and OC, respectively, by using urea as a nitrogen source in a bioreactor.","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sb2Se3 is a promising photocathode with good stability and large theoretical photocurrent density but suffers from severe recombination of electron-hole pairs at the interface, which greatly limits its application in photoelectrochemistry. To tackle this issue, heterostructured photoelectrode with efficient cocatalysts should be rationally designed and fabricated, which is usually made by expensive and complicated atomic layer deposition methods (ALD). Herein, a facile chemical bath deposition (CBD) is proposed to construct the heterostructured photocathode composing TiO2 and Sb2Se3, as well as to deposit cocatalyst of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) on the photoelectrode. The TiO2 layer could protect the Sb2Se3 and also capture the photogenerated electrons produced by Sb2Se3, then improve the charge separation. Pt is utilized as a co-catalyst to enhance the carrier injection efficiency and hence accelerate the surface hydrogen evolution reaction. Under simulated sunlight conditions, Sb2Se3-5/TiO2-3/Pt-6 with optimized configuration exhibited a flat band potential of 0.52 VRHE, which is positively shifted by 0.09 V with respect to that of bare Sb2Se3. Notably, the photocurrent densities of -1.0 mA/cm2 at -0.2 VRHE and 0.56 mA/cm2 at 0 VRHE were achieved. This represented 12.5 and 7 times improvement in photocurrent densities compared to bare Sb2Se3 NPs. Our study provides a facile and effective method for the interface engineering of Sb2Se3, resulting in a significant enhancement of its photoelectrochemical activity for serving as a high-performance photocathode for solar water splitting.
{"title":"Interfacial Engineering Enabling Solution - Processed Cu: NiOx/Sb2Se3/TiO2/Pt Photocathode for Highly Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water - Splitting","authors":"Yinbo Zhan, Ying-Chu Chen, Xia Long","doi":"10.1039/d4se00602j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4se00602j","url":null,"abstract":"Sb2Se3 is a promising photocathode with good stability and large theoretical photocurrent density but suffers from severe recombination of electron-hole pairs at the interface, which greatly limits its application in photoelectrochemistry. To tackle this issue, heterostructured photoelectrode with efficient cocatalysts should be rationally designed and fabricated, which is usually made by expensive and complicated atomic layer deposition methods (ALD). Herein, a facile chemical bath deposition (CBD) is proposed to construct the heterostructured photocathode composing TiO2 and Sb2Se3, as well as to deposit cocatalyst of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) on the photoelectrode. The TiO2 layer could protect the Sb2Se3 and also capture the photogenerated electrons produced by Sb2Se3, then improve the charge separation. Pt is utilized as a co-catalyst to enhance the carrier injection efficiency and hence accelerate the surface hydrogen evolution reaction. Under simulated sunlight conditions, Sb2Se3-5/TiO2-3/Pt-6 with optimized configuration exhibited a flat band potential of 0.52 VRHE, which is positively shifted by 0.09 V with respect to that of bare Sb2Se3. Notably, the photocurrent densities of -1.0 mA/cm2 at -0.2 VRHE and 0.56 mA/cm2 at 0 VRHE were achieved. This represented 12.5 and 7 times improvement in photocurrent densities compared to bare Sb2Se3 NPs. Our study provides a facile and effective method for the interface engineering of Sb2Se3, resulting in a significant enhancement of its photoelectrochemical activity for serving as a high-performance photocathode for solar water splitting.","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141528026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fuqiang Zhang, Zhiqiang Qi, Xiangsheng Han, Hongzhen Cai, Keyan Yang
Interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG) is an effective method to produce clean water through evaporating seawater actuated by solar energy. Nevertheless, developing a solar evaporator that is simultaneously simple in process and maintains good stability and high efficiency is still difficult but in great demand. Herein, the aerogel solar evaporator was prepared by cross-linking chitosan (CS) and two-dimensional transition metal carbide/nitride (MXene) nanosheets with excellent properties via a simple freeze-drying strategy. The unique three-dimensional network structure and good biocompatibility could quickly transport wet from the bottom up to the evaporation surface by capillary force. MXene nanosheets combined a broad spectral response with strong solar absorption capacity, enabling the CS/MXene aerogel solar evaporator to exhibit strong light absorption, light-to-heat conversion, and water transport capabilities. The results showed that the water evaporation rate under one sun was as high as 1.80 kg∙m–2∙h–1, with an energy conversion efficiency of 84%. Notably, the stability of the solar evaporator ensured stable solar water evaporation over a long period compared with most CS-based solar evaporators. Meanwhile, clean water could be continuously produced from acidic, alkaline, organic dye solutions, and saline brines. These tactics pave a new way for developing solar absorbers for solar-driven desalination.
{"title":"MXene nanosheets-reinforced chitosan as a stable photothermal evaporator for efficient solar evaporation","authors":"Fuqiang Zhang, Zhiqiang Qi, Xiangsheng Han, Hongzhen Cai, Keyan Yang","doi":"10.1039/d4se00617h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4se00617h","url":null,"abstract":"Interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG) is an effective method to produce clean water through evaporating seawater actuated by solar energy. Nevertheless, developing a solar evaporator that is simultaneously simple in process and maintains good stability and high efficiency is still difficult but in great demand. Herein, the aerogel solar evaporator was prepared by cross-linking chitosan (CS) and two-dimensional transition metal carbide/nitride (MXene) nanosheets with excellent properties via a simple freeze-drying strategy. The unique three-dimensional network structure and good biocompatibility could quickly transport wet from the bottom up to the evaporation surface by capillary force. MXene nanosheets combined a broad spectral response with strong solar absorption capacity, enabling the CS/MXene aerogel solar evaporator to exhibit strong light absorption, light-to-heat conversion, and water transport capabilities. The results showed that the water evaporation rate under one sun was as high as 1.80 kg∙m–2∙h–1, with an energy conversion efficiency of 84%. Notably, the stability of the solar evaporator ensured stable solar water evaporation over a long period compared with most CS-based solar evaporators. Meanwhile, clean water could be continuously produced from acidic, alkaline, organic dye solutions, and saline brines. These tactics pave a new way for developing solar absorbers for solar-driven desalination.","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141529446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rational design of materials as the catalytic system is the prominent determinant of the efficiency of sustainable energy sources. Flatland two-dimensional (2D) materials (MXenes, MBenes, transition metal dichalcogenides/phosphides (TMDs/TMPs), phosphorene, graphene derivatives) have left no stone unturned in order to prove their ascendancy towards energy-driven aspirations in the considerations of their superior physiochemical properties as compared to their non-layered counterpart materials that transcend their transport properties and conductivity. Herein, we aim to provide an encyclopaedic account of the position where the flatland materials stand currently to imbibe the goal of sustainability in the light of their photochemical and electrochemical nitrogen fixation applications. As of now, numerous strands have limited the expansion of 2D-materials derived nitrogen fixation operations for scalable applications. Therefore, we have summarized techno-economic analysis and future perspectives of nitrogen fixation applications as implications for practical ammonia applicability. We have succinctly summarized the functionality of flatland materials and classified them on the basis of their photochemical and electrochemical efficiencies.
{"title":"Flatland Materials for Photochemical and Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation Applications: From Lab-door Experiments to Large-scale Applicability","authors":"Syed Asim Ali, Iqra Sadiq, Tokeer Ahmad","doi":"10.1039/d4se00565a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4se00565a","url":null,"abstract":"Rational design of materials as the catalytic system is the prominent determinant of the efficiency of sustainable energy sources. Flatland two-dimensional (2D) materials (MXenes, MBenes, transition metal dichalcogenides/phosphides (TMDs/TMPs), phosphorene, graphene derivatives) have left no stone unturned in order to prove their ascendancy towards energy-driven aspirations in the considerations of their superior physiochemical properties as compared to their non-layered counterpart materials that transcend their transport properties and conductivity. Herein, we aim to provide an encyclopaedic account of the position where the flatland materials stand currently to imbibe the goal of sustainability in the light of their photochemical and electrochemical nitrogen fixation applications. As of now, numerous strands have limited the expansion of 2D-materials derived nitrogen fixation operations for scalable applications. Therefore, we have summarized techno-economic analysis and future perspectives of nitrogen fixation applications as implications for practical ammonia applicability. We have succinctly summarized the functionality of flatland materials and classified them on the basis of their photochemical and electrochemical efficiencies.","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141528024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haozhe Zhang, Yanjie Wang, Wentian Niu, Tatchamapan Yoskamtorn, Mingyu Luo, Robert Tayler, Sarah Day, Shik Chi Edman Tsang
The augmentation of photocatalytic activity in layered perovskite oxides via the integration of graphene-like materials presents a promising pathway for the optimization of solar energy conversion. The electron-rich nature of graphene, coupled with its high electron conductivity, functions as an effective photosensitizer, thereby enhancing visible light harvesting. In this investigation, we have, for the first time, assembled ultrathin exfoliated Dion–Jacobson perovskite layers with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layers, resulting in a high surface area layered nanocomposite, achieved through a tailored electrostatic approach. To further refine the electron properties of the layered perovskite–reduced graphene oxide composites, we have explored the use of various lanthanides as A-site cations in the Dion–Jacobson perovskites, including LaNb2O7 (LNO), PrNb2O7 (PNO), and NdNb2O7 (NNO). The synthesized composites demonstrate exceptional performance in photocatalytic H2 production, with rGO/NNO exhibiting the highest activity, achieving a hydrogen evolution rate (HER) of 835 μmol g−1 under light illumination, attributable to optimal interfacial effects. Our experimental and theoretical analyses indicate that hydrogen production is predominantly influenced by the A-site cation charge density at the materials' interface, as dictated by the charge transfer dynamics. This research potentially contributes to the comprehension and enhancement of photocatalytic processes for applications in solar energy conversion.
通过整合类石墨烯材料来增强层状过氧化物的光催化活性，为优化太阳能转换提供了一条前景广阔的途径。石墨烯富含电子的特性与其高电子传导性相结合，可作为一种有效的光敏剂，从而提高可见光的收集能力。在这项研究中，我们首次将超薄剥离的 Dion-Jacobson 包晶石层与还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）层组装在一起，通过定制的静电方法获得了高比表面积的层状纳米复合材料。为了进一步完善层状包晶石-还原氧化石墨烯复合材料的电子特性，我们探索了在狄昂-矢量包晶石中使用各种镧系元素作为 A 位阳离子，包括 LaNb2O7 (LNO)、PrNb2O7 (PNO) 和 NdNb2O7 (NNO)。合成的复合材料在光催化产氢方面表现出卓越的性能，其中 rGO/NNO 的活性最高，在光照下的氢进化率（HER）达到 835 μmol g-1，这归功于最佳的界面效应。我们的实验和理论分析表明，制氢主要受材料界面上 A 位阳离子电荷密度的影响，这是由电荷转移动力学决定的。这项研究可能有助于理解和加强光催化过程在太阳能转换中的应用。
{"title":"Tuning 2D perovskite–graphene layered composite for photocatalysis","authors":"Haozhe Zhang, Yanjie Wang, Wentian Niu, Tatchamapan Yoskamtorn, Mingyu Luo, Robert Tayler, Sarah Day, Shik Chi Edman Tsang","doi":"10.1039/d4se00630e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4se00630e","url":null,"abstract":"The augmentation of photocatalytic activity in layered perovskite oxides <em>via</em> the integration of graphene-like materials presents a promising pathway for the optimization of solar energy conversion. The electron-rich nature of graphene, coupled with its high electron conductivity, functions as an effective photosensitizer, thereby enhancing visible light harvesting. In this investigation, we have, for the first time, assembled ultrathin exfoliated Dion–Jacobson perovskite layers with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layers, resulting in a high surface area layered nanocomposite, achieved through a tailored electrostatic approach. To further refine the electron properties of the layered perovskite–reduced graphene oxide composites, we have explored the use of various lanthanides as A-site cations in the Dion–Jacobson perovskites, including LaNb<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>7</sub></small> (LNO), PrNb<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>7</sub></small> (PNO), and NdNb<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>7</sub></small> (NNO). The synthesized composites demonstrate exceptional performance in photocatalytic H<small><sub>2</sub></small> production, with rGO/NNO exhibiting the highest activity, achieving a hydrogen evolution rate (HER) of 835 μmol g<small><sup>−1</sup></small> under light illumination, attributable to optimal interfacial effects. Our experimental and theoretical analyses indicate that hydrogen production is predominantly influenced by the A-site cation charge density at the materials' interface, as dictated by the charge transfer dynamics. This research potentially contributes to the comprehension and enhancement of photocatalytic processes for applications in solar energy conversion.","PeriodicalId":104,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Energy & Fuels","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141528022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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