Peptide-driven strategies against lung cancer.

Abstract

Lung cancer remains one of the most significant global health challenges, responsible for 18 % of all cancer-related deaths. While risk factors such as heavy metal exposure and cigarette smoking are well-known contributors, the limitations of conventional treatments including severe side effects and drug resistance highlight the urgent need for more targeted and safer therapeutic options. In this context, peptides emerge as a novel, precise, and effective class of therapies for lung cancer treatment. Peptides have shown promise in limiting lung cancer progression by targeting key molecular pathways involved in tumour growth. Anti-non-small cell lung cancer peptides that specifically target proteins like EGFR, TP53, BRAF, MET, ROS1, and ALK have demonstrated potential in improving lung cancer outcomes. Additionally, anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-inducing peptides offer further therapeutic benefits. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the peptides currently in use or under investigation for the treatment of lung cancer, highlighting their mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential. As evidence continues to accumulate, peptides are poised to become a promising new therapeutic option in the fight against lung cancer.