Lived experiences of urban working mothers during pandemic: A matricentric exploration in the Indian context

Abstract

In India, entrenched patriarchal norms dictate gender roles, perpetuating men-headed families and patrilineal traditions deeply ingrained in its culture. Within this framework, working mothers daily confront gender biases despite society undervaluing their crucial roles in caregiving and the economy. The Covid-19 pandemic intensified these challenges, as working mothers faced heightened expectations to excel in both professional and maternal roles. With inadequate support and intensified caregiving demands, their physical and mental well-being significantly suffered. This article explores the complex realities experienced by Indian working mothers during the pandemic. Viewing motherhood through a matricentric lens underscores its importance to society while highlighting the need to redistribute caregiving responsibilities beyond mothers alone. The researchers conducted a qualitative study, interviewing 30 Indian working mothers from various professional backgrounds using semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis revealed that despite seventy-seven years of independence, mothers in India continue to grapple with patriarchal oppression, inequality, and violence, underscoring the persistent challenges faced in navigating societal norms and expectations. By gaining insight into their experiences, policymakers can better grasp these burdens and implement measures to address associated physical and mental health concerns.