Womens Studies International Forum最新文献

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Between gendered walls: Assessing the impact of single-sex and co-education on student achievement, self-confidence, and communication skills 在性别隔离墙之间：评估单一性别和男女同校对学生成绩、自信心和沟通技巧的影响

IF 1.5 3区社会学 Q2 WOMENS STUDIES

Womens Studies International Forum

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsif.2024.103003

In this study, we investigate the impact of educational environments characterized by single-sex and co-educational settings on students' academic performance, communication skills, and self-confidence. The analysis encompassed 677 research articles, comprising 798 effect sizes, and involving a cumulative sample size of 1,179,558 participants. The existing literature presents inconclusive results regarding the effects of co-education on students' overall educational well-being. This research contributes to this ongoing debate by examining the impact of educational settings, specifically co-educational and single-sex environments, on academic achievement, communication skills, and self-confidence. Our findings indicate that the type of educational setting, whether co-educational or single-sex, does not exert a statistically significant impact on academic achievement, except in countries with a low educational attainment index, where students in co-educational settings achieve higher. Additionally, students in co-educational settings demonstrate better communication skills and higher self-confidence than their counterparts in single-sex schools. These results challenge the prevailing notion that single-sex education enhances girls' achievement and self-confidence while providing a safer environment for self-expression. In contrast, our data suggest that gender-segregated schools may not be the most conducive environments for girls to thrive both socially and academically, potentially due to the promotion of passive femininity within such institutions.

在本研究中，我们调查了以单一性别和男女同校为特征的教育环境对学生学业成绩、沟通技巧和自信心的影响。分析涵盖了 677 篇研究文章，包括 798 个效应大小，涉及 1,179,558 名参与者的累计样本量。关于男女同校对学生整体教育福祉的影响，现有文献没有得出结论。本研究通过考察教育环境（特别是男女同校和单性别环境）对学业成绩、沟通技巧和自信心的影响，为这一持续的争论做出了贡献。我们的研究结果表明，教育环境的类型，无论是男女同校还是男女分校，对学业成绩的影响在统计学上并不显著，除非在教育程度指数较低的国家，男女同校环境下的学生学业成绩更高。此外，与单一性别学校的学生相比，男女同校的学生表现出更好的沟通技巧和更强的自信心。这些结果对普遍认为单一性别教育能提高女生的成绩和自信心，同时为她们提供一个更安全的自我表达环境的观点提出了质疑。与此相反，我们的数据表明，性别隔离的学校可能并不是最有利于女孩在社交和学业上茁壮成长的环境，这可能是由于这些机构提倡被动的女性气质。

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引用次数: 0

“Leave me out of it and raise my salary”: Invisible work in the labor market and the gender wage gap "别把我扯进去，给我涨工资"：劳动力市场中的隐形工作与性别工资差距

IF 1.5 3区社会学 Q2 WOMENS STUDIES

Womens Studies International Forum

Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsif.2024.103001

While the literature shows that “invisible work” – work that is neither defined nor recognized as labor – persists in the workplace, its relation to labor market outcomes, especially wages, remains relatively underexplored. This study examines the connection between invisible work and wages through a gendered perspective. Utilizing mixed-methods sequential analysis, we conducted 12 group interviews with employed women and men in Israel, uncovering four types of invisible work: physical care work, emotion labor, administrative work, and teamwork. Subsequently, we surveyed a representative sample of the Israeli labor force (n = 964). Regression analyses revealed significant relations between three types of invisible work and wages: doing physical care work correlated negatively with wages for all, while performing emotion labor and administrative work rewarded men more than women. Insights from the interviews elucidated gendered mechanisms linking wages to each invisible work type. The study emphasizes the need for gender-sensitive measures to address labor market inequality.

虽然有文献表明，"隐形工作"--既未被定义为劳动也未被认可为劳动的工作--在工作场所持续存在，但其与劳动力市场结果（尤其是工资）之间的关系仍然相对缺乏研究。本研究从性别角度探讨了隐形工作与工资之间的关系。利用混合方法的顺序分析法，我们对以色列的就业女性和男性进行了 12 次小组访谈，发现了四种类型的隐形工作：体力护理工作、情感劳动、行政工作和团队工作。随后，我们对以色列劳动力中具有代表性的样本（n = 964）进行了调查。回归分析显示，三类隐形工作与工资之间存在显著关系：从事体力护理工作与所有人的工资都呈负相关，而从事情感劳动和行政工作的男性比女性获得更多报酬。从访谈中获得的启示阐明了将工资与每种隐形工作类型联系起来的性别机制。这项研究强调，需要采取对性别问题有敏感认识的措施来解决劳动力市场的不平等问题。

引用次数: 0

“Feeling like” upholding conservative politics: The material and affective dimensions of women's support for AKP 维护保守政治的 "感觉"：妇女支持 AKP 的物质和情感维度

IF 1.5 3区社会学 Q2 WOMENS STUDIES

Womens Studies International Forum

Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsif.2024.102998

Through progressive and regressive periods, during electoral victories or unexpected losses, Turkish women's support for President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has been critical. The appeal of conservative patriarchal politics for women have been largely overlooked but they support the ruling party not only by showing up at the ballot box but also by active engagement and volunteerism. This article investigates how women explain their support for a government that undermines their rights and freedoms. Looking at the emotional pathways that result in attachment to the party, I argue that women's compliance with and support for the AKP regime cannot be understood solely as typical vote buying or a bargain. Instead, following Sara Ahmed's conceptualization of emotions as the “sticky” element of women's relationship with the regime, I complement the material dimensions of support with emotions. I explore the idea that support for the regime is rooted in material and affective realms which emerges through three emotional pathways: gratitude for recognition and redistribution, altruistic and egoistic senses of pride, and denial of resentment toward the party. I conclude that hegemonic success is not only a political and cognitive achievement but also an affective one, a necessary distinction in discussions of feminisms.

在进步和倒退时期，在选举胜利或意外失利期间，土耳其妇女对雷杰普-塔伊普-埃尔多安总统的支持一直至关重要。保守的父权政治对女性的吸引力在很大程度上被忽视了，但她们不仅通过投票箱，还通过积极参与和志愿服务来支持执政党。本文探讨了妇女如何解释她们对一个损害其权利和自由的政府的支持。通过观察导致依附于该党的情感途径，我认为妇女对 AKP 政权的服从和支持不能仅仅理解为典型的买票或讨价还价。萨拉-艾哈迈德（Sara Ahmed）将情感概念化为妇女与政权关系中的 "粘性 "因素，我认为情感是对支持的物质层面的补充。我探讨的观点是，对政权的支持根植于物质和情感领域，并通过三种情感途径产生：对认可和再分配的感激、利他和利己的自豪感以及对党的怨恨的否认。我的结论是，霸权的成功不仅是政治和认知上的成就，也是情感上的成就，这在女性主义的讨论中是一个必要的区分。

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引用次数: 0

“I feel free and comfortable”: The Escape the Corset Movement in South Korea and the question of women's agency "我感到自由和舒适"：韩国的 "逃离紧身胸衣运动 "与妇女的能动性问题

IF 1.5 3区社会学 Q2 WOMENS STUDIES

Womens Studies International Forum

Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsif.2024.102973

Women's conformity to beauty standards are influenced not only by external pressures but also by internalized beliefs, creating some complex issues with regard to women's agency question. Considering the Escape the Corset Movement (ECM) in South Korea as a critical case, this study examines how female college students who loosely participated in the ECM articulate its impact on their daily lives, especially the extent to which they assess its role in their attainment of freedom, liberation, and independence from societal beauty standards. The findings suggest that young female students experienced heightened self-enlightenment and recognition of beauty ideals, as well as a sense of comfort and safety from societal expectations and the male gaze. However, the accounts of women's ambiguous and critical reflections on the perceived transformations also serve to indicate whether the movement has led to fundamental changes in the prevailing power dynamics of gender systems and social structures. We contend that a nuanced perspective on women's adherence to beauty standards should be integrated into scholarly discourse, as women's perceptions present a complex issue regarding their agency in conforming to or resisting societal beauty standards.

女性对美的标准的遵从不仅受到外部压力的影响，也受到内在信念的影响，这就造成了一些有关女性代理权问题的复杂问题。本研究以韩国的 "逃离紧身胸衣运动"（ECM）为重要案例，探讨了松散参与 ECM 运动的女大学生如何阐述该运动对其日常生活的影响，尤其是她们在多大程度上评估了该运动在实现自由、解放和独立于社会审美标准方面的作用。研究结果表明，年轻的女学生经历了更高的自我启蒙和对美的理想的认可，以及从社会期望和男性目光中获得的舒适感和安全感。然而，女性对所感知到的转变所进行的模棱两可的批判性反思，也有助于说明这场运动是否导致了性别制度和社会结构中普遍存在的权力动态发生根本性变化。我们认为，应将有关妇女遵守美的标准的细致入微的观点纳入学术论述，因为妇女的看法提出了一个复杂的问题，涉及她们在遵守或抵制社会美的标准方面的能动性。

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引用次数: 0

Navigating restrictions: External funding and WPS implementation 突破限制：外部资金和 WPS 的实施

IF 1.5 3区社会学 Q2 WOMENS STUDIES

Womens Studies International Forum

Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsif.2024.103000

The Women, Peace and Security (WPS) Agenda promotes women's agency, gender equality, and women and civil society's role within national and international processes to achieve peace and security outcomes. The adoption of the United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 2242 further extends women and civil society organisations' role within peace and security activities to include activities to counter-terrorism and counter-violent extremism (CT/CVE). However, historical tensions and ongoing state restrictions have closed CT/CVE engagement opportunities for civil society. Applying Pfeffer and Salancik's (1978) resource dependency theory, I argue that access to international funds has enabled CSOs to survive despite the closing civic space in Nigeria and create WPS opportunities. Access to external resources and the ability of these actors to implement measures aligned with local women needs, as opposed to the requirements of donors has enabled these actors to achieve some WPS outcomes in Nigeria.

妇女、和平与安全（WPS）议程促进妇女机构、性别平等以及妇女和民间社会在国家和国际进程中的作用，以实现和平与安全成果。联合国安理会（UNSCR）第 2242 号决议的通过进一步扩大了妇女和民间社会组织在和平与安全活动中的作用，将反恐和反暴力极端主义（CT/CVE）活动纳入其中。然而，历史上的紧张局势和当前的国家限制使民间社会失去了参与 CT/CVE 的机会。应用 Pfeffer 和 Salancik（1978 年）的资源依赖理论，我认为，尽管尼日利亚的公民空间正在关闭，但获得国际资金使民间社会组织得以生存，并创造了 WPS 机会。由于能够获得外部资源，而且这些行为者有能力实施符合当地妇女需求的措施，而不是捐助者的要求，因此这些行为者能够在尼日利亚取得一些 WPS 成果。

引用次数: 0

A lack of understanding: Unpacking the transformative power of women's anger in politics 缺乏理解：解读妇女对政治的愤怒所产生的变革力量

IF 1.5 3区社会学 Q2 WOMENS STUDIES

Womens Studies International Forum

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsif.2024.102996

This paper argues that women's rage is a legitimate and transformative response to systemic injustices and gender-based oppression. By examining the philosophical and feminist traditions the paper demonstrates how rage differs from anger by driving individuals towards action. Traditional political philosophy has often emphasized rationality and self-control, neglecting the significance of emotions and the contributions of women. The analysis reveals that women's anger, particularly when viewed through intersectional lenses, is frequently dismissed, further entrenching marginalization. By recognizing and embracing women's rage, society can address the root causes of injustice and empower women to challenge oppressive structures. This paper highlights the importance of understanding and validating women's emotional responses as crucial for achieving social and political change.

本文认为，妇女的愤怒是对系统不公正和性别压迫的一种合法的、变革性的反应。通过研究哲学和女权主义传统，本文论证了愤怒与愤怒的不同之处，即愤怒促使个人采取行动。传统的政治哲学往往强调理性和自我控制，忽视了情感的重要性和女性的贡献。分析表明，女性的愤怒，尤其是通过跨部门视角来看待女性的愤怒时，经常被忽略，从而进一步加深了边缘化。通过承认和接受女性的愤怒，社会可以解决不公正的根源，并赋予女性挑战压迫性结构的能力。本文强调了理解和认可妇女的情绪反应对于实现社会和政治变革的重要性。

引用次数: 0

A digital narrative study concerning global crisis period: The pandemic's impact on the domestic responsibilities of women health workers in Türkiye 关于全球危机时期的数字叙事研究：大流行病对土耳其女卫生工作者家庭责任的影响

IF 1.5 3区社会学 Q2 WOMENS STUDIES

Womens Studies International Forum

Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsif.2024.102994

The COVID-19 pandemic has exerted a profound influence on female healthcare workers, resulting in a notable escalation in the time allocated to domestic duties and unpaid household labor. This study delves into the professional and personal experiences of these women through the medium of digital narratives. Employing interpretive analysis within a phenomenological framework, the research scrutinized six female healthcare workers, all of whom were mothers of children under the age of 18. The investigation revealed that the pandemic has exacerbated existing gender disparities, manifesting in an increased burden of unpaid domestic responsibilities coupled with a concomitant reduction in personal time. Moreover, the utilization of digital narratives emerged as a multifaceted tool, not only facilitating socialization among healthcare workers but also nurturing their well-being and fostering the development of digital literacy skills.

COVID-19 大流行对女性医护人员产生了深远的影响，导致分配给家务劳动和无偿家务劳动的时间明显增加。本研究以数字叙事为媒介，深入探讨了这些女性的职业和个人经历。研究采用现象学框架下的解释性分析方法，仔细研究了六名女性医护人员，她们都是 18 岁以下儿童的母亲。调查显示，大流行病加剧了现有的性别差异，表现为无偿家务负担加重，同时个人时间减少。此外，数字叙事的利用成为一种多方面的工具，不仅促进了医护人员的社会化，还培养了他们的幸福感，促进了数字扫盲技能的发展。

引用次数: 0

‘Mostly women's issues’ – Gender differences in community responses to a large-scale NGO programme to prevent violence against women in urban India 主要是妇女问题"--印度城市社区对非政府组织防止暴力侵害妇女大型计划的反应存在性别差异

IF 1.5 3区社会学 Q2 WOMENS STUDIES

Womens Studies International Forum

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsif.2024.102997

Despite striking gender differences in men's and women's engagement in past prevention programmes to stop violence against women (VAW), few empirical studies have determined why such gender differences arise. We did a grounded theory study of a large-scale NGO programme in informal settlements in Mumbai, India, aiming to analyse how gender affects participation in community action to address VAW. We did 27 focus group discussions and 31 semi-structured interviews with 77 women and 36 men, as well as with 9 NGO staff. We supplemented qualitative data with quantitative monitoring data on referrals to NGO counselling centres. We found that male participants in the NGO programme not only reported violence to the NGO at lower rates but took less intensive action to support survivors. When they did engage, they more often defended perpetrators or asked survivors to accommodate them than female participants. These differences could be explained by a greater (1) affective response to VAW (2) perceived stake in addressing VAW (3) sense of empowerment from taking action, and (4) perceived NGO support for self among women compared to men. Differences were evident even between male and female participants who had taken part in NGO activities for years. We theorise that these differences ultimately stem from men and women's structurally different position in a gender unequal society. Our findings identify key motivational barriers to address to improve the effectiveness of programmes to prevent VAW. Given the greater barriers to men's community action compared to women's community action, it may be useful to recognize the value of prevention programmes with differing levels of male engagement, including women-only programmes and programmes in which male community participants play a secondary role and are not expected to be as active as female participants.

尽管在过去为制止对妇女的暴力行为（VAW）而开展的预防计划中，男性和女性的参与程度存在明显的性别差异，但很少有实证研究能够确定这种性别差异产生的原因。我们对印度孟买非正规居住区的一项大型非政府组织计划进行了基础理论研究，旨在分析性别如何影响参与社区行动以解决暴力侵害妇女问题。我们与 77 名女性和 36 名男性以及 9 名非政府组织工作人员进行了 27 次焦点小组讨论和 31 次半结构式访谈。我们用非政府组织咨询中心转介情况的定量监测数据对定性数据进行了补充。我们发现，非政府组织计划的男性参与者不仅向非政府组织报告暴力事件的比例较低，而且采取的支持幸存者的行动也较少。与女性参与者相比，他们在参与时更多地为施暴者辩护或要求幸存者迁就他们。这些差异的原因可能是：（1）对暴力侵害妇女行为的情感反应；（2）在处理暴力侵害妇女行为中的利益感；（3）采取行动的授权感；（4）与男性相比，女性认为非政府组织对自己的支持更大。即使是参加非政府组织活动多年的男性和女性参与者之间也存在明显差异。我们推断，这些差异最终源于男女在性别不平等社会中的不同地位。我们的研究结果指出了为提高预防暴力侵害妇女计划的有效性而需要解决的主要动机障碍。与女性社区行动相比，男性社区行动面临着更大的障碍，因此，认识到男性参与程度不同的预防计划的价值可能是有益的，这些计划包括只针对女性的计划，以及男性社区参与者在其中扮演次要角色、不像女性参与者那样积极的计划。

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引用次数: 0

Men want to take care of princesses! Costs, resistances and challenges of competitive women athletes in couple relationships in Spain 男人想照顾公主！西班牙竞技女运动员在夫妻关系中的成本、阻力和挑战

IF 1.5 3区社会学 Q2 WOMENS STUDIES

Womens Studies International Forum

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsif.2024.102991

The aim of this study was to explore whether women's challenge of patriarchal dominance in the sport context extends to the realm of their couple relationships and how it may, or may not, affect their intrinsic relationship dynamics. A qualitative methodology was used. Forty-five women living in Córdoba (Spain) participated in this study. Five focus groups were organized according to age and type of sport practiced. Grounded Theory was used for data analysis. Their narratives suggest that the attitudes of their (male) partners remain anchored in patriarchal gender norms. They identify in them paternalistic attitudes, the suffering of certain forms of punishment for their athletic bodies and the generation of feelings of discomfort for their successes. Two types of discourses coexist: one of resistance and another reflecting patriarchal ideas.

本研究旨在探讨女性在体育运动中对父权制支配地位的挑战是否会延伸到她们的夫妻关系领域，以及这种挑战会不会影响她们内在的关系动态。研究采用了定性方法。居住在科尔多瓦（西班牙）的 45 名妇女参与了本研究。根据年龄和从事的运动类型组织了五个焦点小组。数据分析采用了基础理论。她们的叙述表明，其（男性）伴侣的态度仍停留在父权制的性别规范上。她们在其中发现了家长式的态度、因其运动身体而遭受的某种形式的惩罚以及因其成功而产生的不适感。两种话语并存：一种是反抗话语，另一种是反映父权思想的话语。

引用次数: 0

Who Cares? Women entrepreneurs and the transition to the Canada-wide Early Learning and Child Care Agreement in Nova Scotia 谁在乎？女企业家与新斯科舍省向全加拿大《早期学习和儿童保育协议》的过渡

IF 1.5 3区社会学 Q2 WOMENS STUDIES

Womens Studies International Forum

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.wsif.2024.102992

The Canada-wide Early Learning and Child Care Agreements signed in 2021/2022 represent an unprecedented investment into child care across Canada, supporting the expansion of care spaces, reductions in parent fees, and increased wages for care workers. In the province of Nova Scotia, however, the new funding model faced considerable pushback from women entrepreneurs in the care field, who felt overlooked and bullied by the provincial government amidst the policy rollout. This paper evaluates the experiences of child care owners in Nova Scotia during the transition to the new funding agreement through a series of interviews with entrepreneurs. The paper posits that the consultation and communications between the province and care owners reified gendered power relations, particularly through the devaluation and exploitation of women's care work. Interviewees report feeling treated as “glorified babysitters” and experiencing significant mental health strains as a result of the policy negotiation with the province.

2021/2022 年签署的《全加拿大早期学习和儿童保育协议》代表了加拿大对儿童保育领域前所未有的投资，支持扩大保育空间、降低家长费用并提高保育工作者的工资。然而，在新斯科舍省，新的资助模式遭到了保育领域女性企业家的强烈反对，她们认为在政策推出过程中，省政府忽视了她们，并对她们进行了欺凌。本文通过对企业家的一系列访谈，评估了新斯科舍省托儿所业主在向新资助协议过渡期间的经历。本文认为，新斯科舍省与托儿所业主之间的协商和沟通重新确认了性别权力关系，尤其是通过贬低和剥削妇女的托儿工作。受访者称，她们感觉自己被当作 "光荣的保姆"，并在与该省的政策谈判中承受了巨大的心理健康压力。

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