Effects of selenite on growth and symbiotic nitrogen fixation of soybean

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Plant and Soil Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI:10.1007/s11104-025-07249-1

Lei Li, Ceng Yi, Zhuqing Zhao, Huan He, Xinwei Liu

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Abstract

Aims

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) has the potential to enhance the yield of legume crops, particularly under low nitrogen conditions. Selenium (Se) has been demonstrated to enhance plant adaptability to the environment. In this study, the effects of selenite on the growth of soybean and SNF were investigated.

Methods

A hydroponics experiment with four selenite concentrations (0, 0.5, 2, and 10 μM) and a soil experiment with three selenite application rates (0, 2, 5 mg kg⁻¹) were carried out. The soybean variety Zhonghuang 13 and Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA110 were utilized as experimental materials, Na₂SeO₃ used as the Se source.

Results

The application of Se significantly promoted soybean growth and improved physiological performance. Nodule biomass increased by 36.79% and 32.65% under 10 μM and 5 mg kg⁻¹ Se treatments, respectively, compared to the CK. Nitrogenase activity was markedly improved by 313% under 10 μM Se in hydroponic conditions. Se also elevated nitrogen content in soybean plants, promoting carbohydrate accumulation and transport. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in leaves increased, whereas the malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased in both roots and leaves following Se application. Metabolomics analysis revealed that Se treatment upregulated amino acid metabolism and the citrate cycle pathways in soybean roots, while downregulating the biosynthesis pathways of flavones, isoflavonoids, and flavonoids.

Conclusions

Selenite promotes soybean and nodule growth while enhancing SNF efficiency. Our results provide a theoretical basis for improving legume production by using Se fertilizer in the context of low nitrogen inputs.

Graphical Abstract

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亚硒酸盐对大豆生长和共生固氮的影响

目的共生固氮（SNF）具有提高豆科作物产量的潜力，特别是在低氮条件下。硒（Se）已被证明可以增强植物对环境的适应性。本试验研究了亚硒酸盐对大豆和SNF生长的影响。方法进行4种亚硒酸盐浓度（0、0.5、2、10 μM）的水培试验和3种亚硒酸盐施用量（0、2、5 mg kg−1）的土壤试验。以大豆品种中黄13号和重氮缓生根瘤菌USDA110为试验材料，硒源为Na2SeO3。结果硒显著促进大豆生长，改善大豆生理性能。在10 μM和5 mg kg - 1 Se处理下，与对照相比，结瘤生物量分别增加36.79%和32.65%。在10 μM Se水培条件下，氮酶活性显著提高313%。硒还能提高大豆植株的氮素含量，促进碳水化合物的积累和运输。硒处理提高了叶片超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性，降低了根系和叶片丙二醛（MDA）含量。代谢组学分析显示，硒处理上调了大豆根部氨基酸代谢和柠檬酸循环途径，下调了黄酮类、异黄酮和黄酮类化合物的生物合成途径。结论亚硒酸盐促进大豆生长和根瘤生长，提高SNF效率。本研究结果为在低氮投入条件下施用硒肥提高豆科作物产量提供了理论依据。图形抽象

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Plant and Soil 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

8.20

自引率

8.20%

发文量

543

审稿时长

2.5 months

期刊介绍： Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.