A comprehensive review on compressed air energy storage in geological formation: Experiments, simulations, and field applications

Abstract

Compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems offer a promising solution to the sporadic of renewable energy sources. By storing surplus electrical energy as compressed air in geological formations, CAES systems can pledge steady and dispatchable power during high-demand energy. This review delves into the various aspects of recent CAES technology based on experiments, modeling and simulations, and field application findings. It highlights the potential use of carbon dioxide as a cushion gas in CAES operations, which has been overlooked in previous reviews. Furthermore, CAES estimation technique and recommended policy for CAES development were discussed for the first time in this paper. Moreover, field operating case studies from Canada and China have been reported in this review paper as being overlooked in previous review papers. In addition, economic analysis for CAES in geological formation has been analyzed for the first time in this review paper. The paper also identifies challenges and research gaps that need to be addressed to enhance CAES's effectiveness, affordability, and sustainable development. By overcoming these challenges, CAES can help combat climate change and provide a sustainable energy supply.