{"title":"Sedentary Behavior and Its Association With Psychological Well-Being and Sleep Quality in Adolescents: Evidence from a Propensity Score Analysis.","authors":"Lirong Zhang, Shaocong Zhao, Shuangyin Zhao, Hua Zheng, Yizhen Ke, Weichen Yang, Mingxing Lei","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S508382","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sedentary lifestyles among adolescents have been associated with various health concerns, particularly regarding psychological well-being and sleep quality. However, the associative relationship between sedentary behavior and these health outcomes remains unclear. This study aims to clarify the association between sedentary lifestyle and psychological and sleep health among adolescents through propensity scores matching analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 2,846 adolescents from three universities participated in the study. Data on demographics, exercise habits, eating patterns, sedentary behavior, psychological health, sleep health, self-esteem, and social support were collected. A sedentary lifestyle was defined as sitting for more than six hours daily. Psychological health was assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale for anxiety and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression, while sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Self-esteem was evaluated with the Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and social support was measured using the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Propensity scores matching analysis was employed to investigate the associative relationship between sedentary lifestyles and the measured outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prior to propensity scores matching, significant differences were observed in baseline characteristics between participants with and without sedentary lifestyles, including gender (P=0.01), dietary habits (P<0.001), mobile device usage (P<0.001), stress events (P=0.001), physical activity (P<0.001), and chronic diseases (P=0.024). Participants with sedentary lifestyles exhibited higher scores on the GAD-7 (P<0.001), PHQ-9 (P<0.001), and PSQI (P<0.001), along with lower self-esteem (SES, P=0.041) and social support (SSRS, P<0.001) compared to their more active counterparts. Following propensity scores matching, no significant differences in baseline characteristics were found between the two groups (All P>0.282), indicating a successful matching process. Post-matching analysis revealed that individuals with sedentary lifestyles had significantly higher GAD-7 (P=0.002), PHQ-9 (P=0.013), and PSQI scores (P=0.001) than those without sedentary lifestyles, while no significant differences were found in SES (P=0.755) and SSRS (P=0.676).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that a sedentary lifestyle is associated with poorer psychological health and sleep quality among adolescents, even after controlling for various demographic and lifestyle factors. These results underscore the importance of promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior in this population to enhance their overall well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"18 ","pages":"281-298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11814057/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S508382","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Sedentary lifestyles among adolescents have been associated with various health concerns, particularly regarding psychological well-being and sleep quality. However, the associative relationship between sedentary behavior and these health outcomes remains unclear. This study aims to clarify the association between sedentary lifestyle and psychological and sleep health among adolescents through propensity scores matching analysis.
Methods: A total of 2,846 adolescents from three universities participated in the study. Data on demographics, exercise habits, eating patterns, sedentary behavior, psychological health, sleep health, self-esteem, and social support were collected. A sedentary lifestyle was defined as sitting for more than six hours daily. Psychological health was assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale for anxiety and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression, while sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Self-esteem was evaluated with the Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and social support was measured using the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Propensity scores matching analysis was employed to investigate the associative relationship between sedentary lifestyles and the measured outcomes.
Results: Prior to propensity scores matching, significant differences were observed in baseline characteristics between participants with and without sedentary lifestyles, including gender (P=0.01), dietary habits (P<0.001), mobile device usage (P<0.001), stress events (P=0.001), physical activity (P<0.001), and chronic diseases (P=0.024). Participants with sedentary lifestyles exhibited higher scores on the GAD-7 (P<0.001), PHQ-9 (P<0.001), and PSQI (P<0.001), along with lower self-esteem (SES, P=0.041) and social support (SSRS, P<0.001) compared to their more active counterparts. Following propensity scores matching, no significant differences in baseline characteristics were found between the two groups (All P>0.282), indicating a successful matching process. Post-matching analysis revealed that individuals with sedentary lifestyles had significantly higher GAD-7 (P=0.002), PHQ-9 (P=0.013), and PSQI scores (P=0.001) than those without sedentary lifestyles, while no significant differences were found in SES (P=0.755) and SSRS (P=0.676).
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that a sedentary lifestyle is associated with poorer psychological health and sleep quality among adolescents, even after controlling for various demographic and lifestyle factors. These results underscore the importance of promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior in this population to enhance their overall well-being.
期刊介绍:
Psychology Research and Behavior Management is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal focusing on the science of psychology and its application in behavior management to develop improved outcomes in the clinical, educational, sports and business arenas. Specific topics covered in the journal include: -Neuroscience, memory and decision making -Behavior modification and management -Clinical applications -Business and sports performance management -Social and developmental studies -Animal studies The journal welcomes submitted papers covering original research, clinical studies, surveys, reviews and evaluations, guidelines, expert opinion and commentary, case reports and extended reports.