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Structural Equation Modeling of Childhood Trauma and Self-Stigma in Adult Inpatients with Borderline Personality Disorder. 边缘型人格障碍成年住院患者童年创伤与自我污名的结构方程模型。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-30 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S476768
Marie Ociskova, Jan Prasko, Krystof Kantor, Jakub Vanek, Vlastimil Nesnidal, Kamila Belohradova

Purpose: Child abuse and trauma are significant risk factors in the etiology of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Apart from affecting the risk of developing BPD, adverse childhood experiences seem to increase its symptoms and related disability. Self-stigma presents another common issue with equally prominent consequences for mental health. Despite being theoretically linked, the connections among childhood trauma, self-stigma, and mental health have not been explored in patients with BPD. This study aimed to provide first insights into this understudied topic.

Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study included 283 inpatients diagnosed with BPD participating in a residential transdiagnostic psychotherapeutic program. The patients completed several measurements - the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire - Short Form, the Clinical Global Impression - Severity, the Beck Depression Inventory-II, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Dissociative Experiences Scale, the Sheehan Disability Scale, and a demographic questionnaire. The data was statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS and AMOS 26 programs, and bivariate correlation tests and structural equation modeling explored the hypotheses.

Results: Retrospectively reported childhood trauma positively correlated with current self-stigma. Both childhood trauma and self-stigma were also positively related to several indicators of general psychopathology and disability. The significance of these connections was subsequently confirmed by structural equation modeling, where self-stigma acted as a partial mediator of childhood trauma, general psychopathology, and disability.

Conclusion: Self-stigma significantly mediates the relationship between childhood trauma and selected mental health symptoms among adult patients diagnosed with BPD. Longitudinal studies are necessary to explore the causality of the findings. Therapeutic and societal efforts to tackle childhood trauma or self-stigma might benefit from reflecting its broader psychosocial context.

目的:虐待儿童和精神创伤是边缘型人格障碍(BPD)病因学中的重要风险因素。除了影响罹患边缘型人格障碍的风险外,童年的不良经历似乎还会增加边缘型人格障碍的症状和相关残疾。自我污名化是另一个常见问题,对心理健康的影响同样显著。尽管从理论上讲,童年创伤、自我污名和心理健康之间存在联系,但在 BPD 患者中,这些联系尚未得到探讨。本研究旨在为这一研究不足的课题提供第一手资料:这项横断面研究包括 283 名被诊断为 BPD 的住院病人,他们都参加了一个住院跨诊断心理治疗项目。患者完成了几项测量--精神疾病内部化耻辱感量表、童年创伤问卷--简表、临床整体印象--严重程度、贝克抑郁量表-II、贝克焦虑量表、分离体验量表、希恩残疾量表和人口学问卷。使用 IBM SPSS 和 AMOS 26 程序对数据进行了统计分析,并通过双变量相关检验和结构方程模型对假设进行了探讨:结果:回顾性报告的童年创伤与当前的自我成见呈正相关。童年创伤和自我污名还与几项一般精神病理学和残疾指标呈正相关。这些联系的重要性随后得到了结构方程模型的证实,在该模型中,自我污名是童年创伤、一般精神病理学和残疾的部分中介因素:结论:在被诊断为 BPD 的成年患者中,自我污名对童年创伤与特定心理健康症状之间的关系起着重要的中介作用。有必要进行纵向研究,以探讨研究结果的因果关系。治疗和社会为解决童年创伤或自我污名问题所做的努力可能会受益于反映其更广泛的社会心理背景。
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引用次数: 0
The ERP Components of Reward Processing Modulated by Status-Related Social Comparison. 与地位相关的社会比较调节奖励处理的ERP成分
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-30 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S456265
Huanke Ma, Boyi Zhang, Mengjia Liu, Xin Wu

Background: Although social status is closely related to income distribution, few studies have focused on social comparisons caused by income distribution based on social status.

Purpose: The neural indices of status-related social comparisons were investigated by modifying the classical social comparison task with the incorporation of event-related potentials (ERPs).

Methods: The study employed a total of 29 subjects (15 females), the status scores of whom were initially obtained through the utilization of classical measurements of objective (7 items) and subjective (2 items) socioeconomic status. Subsequently, the subjects were required to complete a dot-estimation task. To induce status-related and response-related (upward, equal, and downward) social comparisons, subjects were informed that rewards were distributed based on whether their status score or their response was superior to that of a selected competitor.

Results: The behavioral results demonstrated that status-related social comparisons were perceived as more unfair than response-related social comparisons. The ERP results indicated that the cue-P3 amplitude was lower under status-related cues than response-related cues. Additionally, the amplitude of feedback-related negativity was larger under status-related equal comparisons than response-related equal comparisons. Furthermore, the P3 amplitude was larger under status-related upward comparisons relative to response-related upward comparisons.

Conclusion: The findings indicated that status-related comparisons may contribute to the development of unfair consideration (enhanced FRN) and a reduction in task motivations (lowered cue-P3). Additionally, the status-related upward comparison may serve as a significant factor in the onset of relative deprivation (enhanced P3). It would therefore be beneficial to gain further insight into the neural basis of social comparisons.

背景:目的:通过修改经典的社会比较任务并加入事件相关电位(ERPs),研究了与地位相关的社会比较的神经指数:该研究共使用了 29 名受试者(15 名女性),他们的地位分数最初是通过对客观(7 个项目)和主观(2 个项目)社会经济地位的经典测量获得的。随后,受试者需要完成一项点估计任务。为了诱导与地位相关和与反应相关(向上、相等和向下)的社会比较,受试者被告知,奖励的分配是基于他们的地位得分或反应是否优于所选竞争对手的得分或反应:行为结果表明,与身份相关的社会比较比与反应相关的社会比较更被认为是不公平的。ERP结果显示,在与地位相关的暗示下,暗示-P3振幅低于与反应相关的暗示。此外,在与地位相关的平等比较中,反馈相关负性的振幅要大于与反应相关的平等比较。此外,相对于与反应相关的向上比较,与状态相关的向上比较下的 P3 振幅更大:研究结果表明,与地位相关的比较可能会导致不公平考虑的形成(增强 FRN)和任务动机的降低(降低提示-P3)。此外,与地位相关的向上比较可能是产生相对剥夺感(P3 增强)的一个重要因素。因此,进一步了解社会比较的神经基础将是有益的。
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引用次数: 0
The Symptom Structure and Causal Relationships of Comorbid Anxiety and Depression Among Chinese Primary and Middle School Teachers: A Network Analysis. 中国中小学教师合并焦虑和抑郁的症状结构及因果关系:网络分析
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-29 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S483231
Shumeng Ma, Ning Jia

Background: In China, as educational reforms progress, the characteristics of teachers' work have undergone significant changes, resulting in extremely high levels of stress that can trigger anxiety and depression. Anxiety and depression often co-occur, with two mainstream theories explaining this co-existence: the tripartite model and the diathesis-stress model. However, systematic research focusing on this population is relatively scarce, and the applicability of these models has not been thoroughly tested. This study aims to use network analysis methods to examine the interactions between symptoms and analyze the co-existence of anxiety and depression, thereby expanding the research on teachers.

Methods: Data were provided by the Science Database of People Mental Health, which includes 1670 teachers with a mean age of 30.01. The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale were used to estimate the network structures of anxiety and depression, respectively. Shared symptoms between depression and anxiety were identified using network analysis and clique percolation methods. Bayesian Networks was used to estimate causal relationships between symptoms. Data were analyzed using R packages. Network structure was constructed with the qgraph package, node centrality and bridge symptoms were evaluated using the networktools package, and network stability was measured via the bootnet package. The Clique Percolation method was implemented with the CliqurPercolation package, and Bayesian network modeling was performed via the Bnlearn package.

Results: Dizziness and Easy Fatigability & Weakness were central symptoms in the network. Bridging strength results showed that, the important bridging symptoms included Tachycardia, Depressed Affect, Fatigue, Crying Spell, Easy Fatigability & Weakness, Nightmares, Face Flushing, and Sweating were the strong bridging symptoms. Additionally, Sleep Disturbance played a key mediating role. Depressed Affect and Dissatisfaction were activation symptoms for anxiety-depression co-existence.

Conclusion: Using network analysis, this study elucidated core, bridging, and shared symptoms, as well as potential causal pathways between anxiety and depression. Specifically, somatic symptoms are crucial in maintaining and developing the anxiety-depression network among teachers. Sleep disturbance serves as the sole gateway for mild symptoms to develop into other communities. The Bayesian network identified two key activating symptoms within the teacher anxiety-depression network, validating the applicability of the tripartite model among teachers.

背景:在中国,随着教育改革的不断深入,教师的工作特点也发生了很大的变化,导致教师压力极大,容易引发焦虑和抑郁。焦虑和抑郁常常同时存在,有两种主流理论可以解释这种并存的现象:三方模式和病因-压力模式。然而,针对这一人群的系统性研究相对较少,这些模型的适用性也没有得到彻底检验。本研究旨在利用网络分析方法,研究症状之间的相互作用,分析焦虑与抑郁的共存,从而拓展对教师的研究:数据由《人类心理健康科学数据库》提供,其中包括 1670 名教师,平均年龄为 30.01 岁。采用焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale)和抑郁自评量表(Self-Rating Depression Scale)分别估算焦虑和抑郁的网络结构。利用网络分析法和小群渗滤法确定了抑郁症和焦虑症之间的共同症状。贝叶斯网络用于估计症状之间的因果关系。数据使用 R 软件包进行分析。使用 qgraph 软件包构建网络结构,使用 networktools 软件包评估节点中心性和桥症状,使用 bootnet 软件包测量网络稳定性。利用 CliqurPercolation 软件包实现了 Clique Percolation 方法,并利用 Bnlearn 软件包进行了贝叶斯网络建模:结果:头晕、易疲劳和乏力是网络中的中心症状。桥接强度结果显示,重要的桥接症状包括心动过速、情绪低落、疲劳、哭闹、易疲劳和虚弱、噩梦、面部潮红和出汗。此外,睡眠紊乱也起到了关键的中介作用。抑郁情绪和不满是焦虑抑郁共存的激活症状:通过网络分析,本研究阐明了焦虑和抑郁之间的核心症状、桥接症状、共用症状以及潜在的因果关系。具体而言,躯体症状是维持和发展教师焦虑抑郁网络的关键。睡眠障碍是轻微症状发展成其他群体的唯一途径。贝叶斯网络确定了教师焦虑-抑郁网络中的两个关键激活症状,验证了三方模型在教师中的适用性。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Self-Esteem and Depression in the Relationship Between Physical Activity and Academic Procrastination Among Chinese Undergraduate Students: A Serial Mediation Model. 自尊和抑郁在中国大学生体育锻炼与学业拖延关系中的作用:串联调解模型
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-28 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S477659
Changqing Li, Sha Qu, Kai Ren

Purpose: Physical activity has been found to be negatively correlated with academic procrastination. However, the potential mediating variables in this relationship are not well understood. This study aimed to explore the mediating effects of self-esteem and depression in the relationship between physical activity and academic procrastination among Chinese undergraduate students.

Patients and methods: A total of 1233 Chinese undergraduate students participated in the study. The unidimensionality of the self-esteem, depression, and academic procrastination was examined using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Serial mediation analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.0 macro-PROCESS 3.3 to examine whether self-esteem and depression jointly mediated the relationship between physical activity and academic procrastination.

Results: Self-esteem, depression, and academic procrastination displayed a good-fit to the one-factor model. The results indicated that physical activity indirectly impact academic procrastination through three pathways: (1) self-esteem (β=-0.011, Boots 95% CI [-0.021, -0.001]), which accounted for of 12.09% of the total effect, (2) depression (β=-0.022, Boots 95% CI [-0.036, -0.009]), which accounted for 24.18% of the total effect, and (3) self-esteem and depression (β=-0.006, Boots 95% CI [-0.011, -0.002]), which accounted for 6.59% of the total effect. The total mediating effect was 42.86%.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that self-esteem and depression playing a mediating role in the relationship between physical activity and academic procrastination, respectively. Moreover, self-esteem and depression co-mediate this relationship through a serial pathway.

目的:研究发现,体育锻炼与学习拖延症呈负相关。然而,这一关系中的潜在中介变量并不十分清楚。本研究旨在探讨自尊和抑郁在中国大学生体育锻炼与学业拖延关系中的中介效应:共有 1233 名中国大学生参与了研究。研究使用确认性因素分析法(CFA)检验了自尊、抑郁和学习拖延的单维性。使用 SPSS 25.0 宏-PROCESS 3.3 进行序列中介分析,考察自尊和抑郁是否共同中介了体育锻炼与学习拖延之间的关系:结果:自尊、抑郁和学业拖延在单因素模型中显示出良好的拟合度。结果表明,体育锻炼通过三个途径间接影响学业拖延:(1)自尊(β=-0.011,Boots 95% CI [-0.021,-0.001]),占总效应的 12.09%;(2)抑郁(β=-0.022,Boots 95% CI [-0.036,-0.009]),占总效应的 24.18%;(3)自尊和抑郁(β=-0.006,Boots 95% CI [-0.011,-0.002]),占总效应的 6.59%。总的中介效应为 42.86%:这些研究结果表明,自尊和抑郁分别在体育锻炼和学习拖延之间起着中介作用。此外,自尊和抑郁还通过串联途径共同调节了这一关系。
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引用次数: 0
Erratum: Research on the Relations Among Personality Traits, Sports Commitment, and Exercise Behavior - A Case Study of Chinese College Students [Corrigendum]. 勘误:人格特质、运动承诺与锻炼行为的关系研究--以中国大学生为例[勘误]。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S500878

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S440540.].

[此处更正了文章 DOI:10.2147/PRBM.S440540]。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Disgust Certainty in Intuitive Thought Processing: Electrophysiological Evidence. 厌恶确定性在直觉思维过程中的作用:电生理学证据
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S471624
Zhaoxian Li, Wei Bao, Yao Wang, Shangsong Yan, Hong Zheng, Junlong Luo

Introduction: The impact of emotions on intuitive and analytical thinking has been widely studied. Most research suggests that negative emotions enhance analytical processing. However, there are studies indicating that the sense of certainty associated with disgust can stimulate intuitive processing. Despite these findings, the neuroelectrophysiological evidence supporting the role of disgust in promoting intuitive processing remains unexplored.

Methods: This study aimed to investigate the neuroelectrophysiological mechanisms by which disgust promotes intuitive processing. A total of 54 participants were recruited and randomly assigned to specific emotion groups. Emotional states were induced by exposing participants to disgust and fear videos designed to evoke specific dimensions of certainty and uncertainty. Event-related potentials (ERP) and the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) were utilized as experimental materials to measure participants' responses.

Results: The results demonstrated that disgust facilitated intuitive thinking, as evidenced by the lowest accuracy in behavioral outcomes. ERP findings showed that disgust led to smaller N2 and larger P3b amplitudes under conditions of conflict. These results suggest that disgust reduces individuals' conflict-detection ability, resulting in a stronger sense of certainty in intuitive but incorrect answers.

Conclusion: This study provides neuroelectrophysiological evidence that disgust enhances intuitive thinking. The findings offer a new perspective on the influence of emotions on dual-process thinking, highlighting the role of disgust in shaping intuitive and analytical thought processes.

导言情绪对直觉思维和分析思维的影响已被广泛研究。大多数研究表明,负面情绪会增强分析处理能力。然而,也有研究表明,与厌恶相关的确定感可以刺激直觉思维。尽管有这些研究结果,但支持厌恶感在促进直觉加工中的作用的神经电生理证据仍有待探索:本研究旨在探讨厌恶感促进直觉加工的神经电生理机制。共招募了 54 名参与者,并随机分配到特定的情绪组。通过让参与者观看恶心和恐惧视频来诱发情绪状态,这些视频旨在唤起确定性和不确定性的特定维度。实验采用了事件相关电位(ERP)和认知反思测试(CRT)作为实验材料来测量参与者的反应:结果:实验结果表明,厌恶会促进直觉思维,行为结果的准确性最低就是证明。ERP研究结果表明,在冲突条件下,厌恶会导致较小的N2和较大的P3b振幅。这些结果表明,厌恶会降低个体的冲突检测能力,从而导致直觉答案的确定性更强,但答案却不正确:本研究提供了神经电生理证据,证明厌恶会增强直觉思维。研究结果为情绪对双重思维过程的影响提供了一个新的视角,突出了厌恶在塑造直觉和分析思维过程中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Transcending Belief: Exploring the Impact of Belief in a Just World on Self-Regulated Learning in Chinese Adolescents Using Latent Transitions Analysis. 超越信念:利用潜伏转变分析法探索 "相信世界是公正的 "对中国青少年自我调节学习的影响。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S473451
Yuening An, Aitao Lu, Wanyi Chen, Shengping Xue, Xiayao Ke, Jiayi Li, Weiyan He

Introduction: While numerous studies have investigated the correlations between Belief in a Just World (BJW) and various variables, research on its stability and changes among different individuals, particularly in China, remains limited.

Methods: This study aims to identify the classification and trajectories of BJW among Chinese adolescents using a person-oriented approach, including latent profile analysis and latent transition analysis. It also examines the impact of social status on BJW and its influence on self-regulated learning. The longitudinal data were collected from 756 Chinese high school students (35.71% male, Mage = 16.00, age range = 14-19).

Results: Three distinct BJW profiles were identified: High-level BJW (~33%), Moderate-level BJW (~51%), and Low-level BJW (~14%). The findings indicate that membership in moderate and high BJW profiles was relatively stable, while the low-level BJW profile showed moderate stability. Higher perceptions of BJW were associated with higher subjective social status. Additionally, students in the High-level BJW profile exhibited the highest levels of self-regulated learning, even after controlling for gender, residence, class cadre, and parental educational levels.

Discussion: These results suggest that subjective social status can enhance Belief in a Just World, which in turn fosters better self-regulated learning skills. The study offers insights into the role of BJW and provides implications for interventions aimed at improving BJW and associated outcomes.

尽管已有大量研究探讨了 "相信世界是公正的"(Belief in a Just World,简称BJW)与各种变量之间的相关性,但对其在不同个体间(尤其是在中国)的稳定性和变化的研究仍然有限:本研究旨在采用以人为本的方法,包括潜在特征分析和潜在转变分析,确定中国青少年对公正世界信念的分类和轨迹。研究还探讨了社会地位对 BJW 的影响及其对自我调节学习的影响。纵向数据收集自 756 名中国高中生(35.71% 为男性,Mage = 16.00,年龄范围 = 14-19):结果:发现了三种不同的北京时间特征:结果:研究发现了三种不同的北京青年形象:高水平北京青年(约占 33%)、中等水平北京青年(约占 51%)和低水平北京青年(约占 14%)。研究结果表明,中度和高度北京青少年行为特征的成员相对稳定,而低度北京青少年行为特征则表现出适度的稳定性。较高的北京时间观念与较高的主观社会地位相关。此外,即使在控制了性别、居住地、班级干部和父母教育水平之后,处于高水平北京赛车计划群的学生也表现出了最高的自我调节学习水平:这些结果表明,主观社会地位可以增强 "对公正世界的信念",进而提高自我调节学习的能力。这项研究深入揭示了 "公正世界信念 "的作用,并为旨在改善 "公正世界信念 "及相关结果的干预措施提供了启示。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of the Psychometric Properties of the Perceived Empathic and Social Self-Efficacy Scale in Chinese Adolescents. 评估中国青少年感知共情和社会自我效能感量表的心理测量学特性。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S484649
Yanhua Zhao, Jiahui Niu, Yuguo Wang, Ping Wang

Purpose: There is a burgeoning interest in nurturing adolescents' social and emotional skills, acknowledging the significant influence these abilities have on adolescents' social development and overall well-being. The Perceived Empathic and Social Self-Efficacy Scale (PESSE) emerges as a promising tool designed to capture adolescents' self-perceptions regarding their self-efficacy in empathic and social domains. This study seeks to investigate the psychometric properties of the Chinese Version of the Perceived Empathic and Social Self-Efficacy Scale (PESSE) by examining its factor structure, measurement invariance across gender and age groups, along with its predictive validity concerning adolescent subjective and social well-being.

Participants and methods: A sample of 512 adolescents (233 boys, 265 girls) aged 10-16 years old (M = 12.69, SD = 1.49) from mainland China participated in this study. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multi-group CFA were employed to assess the two-factor structure and the measurement invariance of the PESSE across gender and age groups.

Results: The results demonstrate that the Chinese PESSE maintains robust psychometric properties as the original version, establishing its reliability (Cronbach's alpha for empathic self-efficacy scale was 0.82, for social self-efficacy scale was 0.85) and validity for assessing adolescents perceived empathic and social self-efficacy. Additionally, findings consistently highlight positive correlations between perceived empathic and social self-efficacy and indicators for adolescents' subjective well-being (self-esteem, positive and negative affect, and symptoms of depression and anxiety) and social well-being (perceived peer support online prosocial behavior, school connectedness, and social relationship).

Conclusion: This study supports that the PESSE is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing adolescent perceived empathic and social self-efficacy, underlining the importance of fostering empathic and social self-efficacy skills in adolescence.

目的:青少年的社交和情感技能对其社会发展和整体健康有着重要影响,因此,培养青少年的社交和情感技能正受到越来越多的关注。感同身受和社交自我效能感量表(PESSE)是一种很有前途的工具,它可以反映青少年在感同身受和社交方面的自我效能感。本研究旨在研究中文版感知共情和社会自我效能感量表(PESSE)的心理测量学特性,考察其因子结构、跨性别和年龄组的测量不变性,以及其对青少年主观和社会幸福感的预测效度:本研究选取了中国大陆 512 名 10-16 岁青少年(男生 233 人,女生 265 人)(中=12.69,标差=1.49)作为样本。研究采用了确认性因素分析(CFA)和多组因素分析(CFA)来评估 PESSE 的双因素结构和跨性别、跨年龄组的测量不变性:结果表明,中文版 PESSE 与原版 PESSE 一样保持了良好的心理测量学特性,在评估青少年感知共情和社会自我效能感方面具有良好的信度(共情自我效能感量表的 Cronbach's alpha 为 0.82,社会自我效能感量表的 Cronbach's alpha 为 0.85)和效度。此外,研究结果一致强调了感知共情和社交自我效能感与青少年主观幸福感指标(自尊、积极和消极情绪、抑郁和焦虑症状)和社交幸福感指标(感知同伴支持在线亲社会行为、学校联系和社会关系)之间的正相关性:本研究证明,PESSE 是评估青少年移情和社交自我效能感的有效、可靠的工具,强调了在青少年时期培养移情和社交自我效能感技能的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Association Between Gallstones and Depressive Symptoms: Results from NHANES and Mendelian Randomization Study. 胆结石与抑郁症状之间的关系:NHANES 和孟德尔随机研究的结果。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S477449
Ruidong Ma, Wei Li, Qiufeng Peng, Ao Ren, Ling Zhao, Jiawei Li, Shiqiao Luo

Purpose: Prior research has suggested a correlation between gallstones and depressive symptoms, yet the specifics of this relationship remain unclear. This study aims to explore the association between gallstones and depressive symptoms among adults.

Patients and methods: Initially, we conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017 - March 2020. After propensity score matching (PSM) for participants with gallstones and those without gallstones, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the potential association between gallstones and depressive symptoms. This was followed by Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to further elucidate the causal relationship between them. Using the genome-wide association study database, we extracted instrumental variables and performed bidirectional univariate and multivariate MR analyses.

Results: In the cross-sectional study of NHANES 2017 - March 2020, 835 pairs of participants with comparable characteristics, both with and without gallstones, were identified after PSM. The multivariate adjusted logistic regression analyses revealed a significant association between gallstones and depressive symptoms [fully adjusted model: OR=1.821 (95% CI, 1.181-2.808), P=0.007]. Subsequent MR analyses further clarified the causal relationship, indicating that genetically determined gallstones significantly increase the risk of developing depressive symptoms [forward univariate MR analysis: OR=1.04 (95% CI, 1.01-1.06), P=0.002; multivariate MR analysis: OR=1.03 (95% CI, 1.01-1.05), P=0.009], with no evidence of reverse causation [inverse univariate MR analysis: OR=1.28 (95% CI, 0.90-1.83), P=0.17].

Conclusion: Gallstones are a risk factor for depressive symptoms among adults. Hence, we recommend timely depression screening for patients diagnosed with gallstones, facilitating early detection and effective treatment of depressive symptoms, thus alleviating its impact on both individuals and society.

目的:先前的研究表明胆结石与抑郁症状之间存在相关性,但这种关系的具体细节仍不清楚。本研究旨在探讨成年人胆结石与抑郁症状之间的关系:最初,我们利用 2017 年至 2020 年 3 月的美国国家健康与营养调查(NHANES)数据开展了一项横断面研究。在对有胆结石和无胆结石的参与者进行倾向得分匹配(PSM)后,我们使用多变量逻辑回归分析来探讨胆结石与抑郁症状之间的潜在关联。随后进行了孟德尔随机化(MR)分析,以进一步阐明两者之间的因果关系。我们利用全基因组关联研究数据库提取了工具变量,并进行了双向单变量和多变量 MR 分析:在 NHANES 2017 - 2020 年 3 月的横断面研究中,经过 PSM 后确定了 835 对具有可比特征的参与者,其中既有胆结石患者,也有非胆结石患者。多变量调整逻辑回归分析显示,胆结石与抑郁症状之间存在显著关联[完全调整模型:OR=1.821(95% CI,1.181-2.808),P=0.007]。随后的磁共振分析进一步明确了这一因果关系,表明由基因决定的胆结石会显著增加抑郁症状的发病风险[正向单变量磁共振分析:OR=1.04(95% CI)-2.808(P=0.007)]:OR=1.04(95% CI,1.01-1.06),P=0.002;多变量 MR 分析:OR=1.03(95% CI,1.01-1.05),P=0.009],没有证据表明存在反向因果关系[逆向单变量MR分析:OR=1.28(95% CI,0.90-1.83),P=0.17]:结论:胆结石是成年人出现抑郁症状的一个危险因素。因此,我们建议对胆结石患者进行及时的抑郁症筛查,以便及早发现和有效治疗抑郁症状,从而减轻其对个人和社会的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Scoping Review of Vicarious Post-Traumatic Growth Among Nurses: Current Knowledge and Research Gaps. 护士创伤后虚拟成长的范围审查:目前的知识和研究空白。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-10-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S483225
Yitong Cai, Ming Liu, Weixiang Luo, Jingping Zhang, Chaoran Qu

Background: Nurses frequently experience both direct and indirect trauma, leading to significant psychological challenges. While much research has focused on the negative impacts of such trauma, less attention has been given to vicarious post-traumatic growth (VPTG). Given the high levels of indirect trauma that nurses face, understanding VPTG is crucial for mitigating its adverse effects and enhancing mental health and work efficiency.

Objective: To map and synthesize the literature on vicarious post-traumatic growth and identify key knowledge gaps in vicarious post-traumatic growth research.

Methods: This scoping review follows the approach proposed by Arksey and O'Malley. We conducted this scoping review using the methodology recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute, supported by the PAGER framework. We searched 7 databases and gray literature on May 19, 2023 to obtain relevant research.

Results: Finally, we included 29 studies from 9 countries. There are currently no reliable data on the incidence of vicarious post-traumatic growth among nurses worldwide. There are multiple instruments available to investigate vicarious post-traumatic growth in nurses, and the vicarious post-traumatic growth inventory is more recommended. Factors affecting nurses' vicarious post-traumatic growth include coping styles, psychological factors, and social support. Indirect trauma exposure and vicarious post-traumatic growth coexist. There are currently three intervention strategies for vicarious post-traumatic growth, but none have been proven in clinical trials.

Conclusion: This is the first scoping review on vicarious post-traumatic growth, there are a lot of research deficiencies and gaps in current research on vicarious post-traumatic growth for nurses. In view of the impact of secondary traumatic events on nurses, future research should pay more attention to nurses' vicarious post-traumatic growth and promote the development of vicarious post-traumatic growth.

背景:护士经常会经历直接和间接创伤,从而导致重大的心理挑战。虽然很多研究都集中在这种创伤的负面影响上,但对创伤后替代性成长(VPTG)的关注较少。鉴于护士面临的间接创伤程度很高,了解 VPTG 对于减轻其负面影响、提高心理健康和工作效率至关重要:绘制并综合有关替代性创伤后成长的文献,并确定替代性创伤后成长研究中的关键知识空白:本范围界定综述采用了 Arksey 和 O'Malley 提出的方法。我们采用乔安娜-布里格斯研究所(Joanna Briggs Institute)推荐的方法并在 PAGER 框架的支持下进行了此次范围界定综述。我们于 2023 年 5 月 19 日检索了 7 个数据库和灰色文献,以获取相关研究:最后,我们纳入了来自 9 个国家的 29 项研究。目前还没有关于全球护士创伤后替代性成长发生率的可靠数据。有多种工具可用于调查护士的创伤后替代性成长,其中创伤后替代性成长量表更值得推荐。影响护士创伤后替代性成长的因素包括应对方式、心理因素和社会支持。间接创伤暴露和创伤后替代性成长是并存的。目前有三种针对创伤后替代性成长的干预策略,但没有一种在临床试验中得到证实:这是第一篇关于创伤后替代性成长的范围综述,目前关于护士创伤后替代性成长的研究还存在很多不足和空白。鉴于二次创伤事件对护士的影响,今后的研究应更多地关注护士的创伤后替代性成长,促进创伤后替代性成长的发展。
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Psychology Research and Behavior Management
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