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The Association Between Autistic Traits and Depression in College Students: The Mediating Roles of Interpersonal Emotion Regulation and Social Self-Efficacy. 大学生自闭症特质与抑郁之间的关联:人际情绪调节与社交自我效能的中介作用
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-13 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S482404
Caina Liu, Qingqing Zhang, Yiming Liu, Zixu Wang, Fangchen Chen, Yitian Li, Yami Zhao, Jing Zhu, Dandan Li, Chunyan Zhu

Purpose: Higher rates of depression are associated with autistic traits; however, the precise association between autistic traits and depression has yet to be fully elucidated. Good interpersonal emotional regulation and social self-efficacy are crucial for mental health; therefore, in this study, we investigated the relationships between autistic traits, interpersonal emotional regulation, social self-efficacy, and depression.

Patients and methods: In total, 1024 participants (613 females and 411 males) aged 16 to 23 years old (M = 19.03, SD = 0.95) completed questionnaires that were designed to evaluate their autistic traits, interpersonal emotion regulation, social self-efficacy and depression. Data were analyzed by Spearman correlation and mediation effects analyses.

Results: Autistic traits were significantly and positively correlated with depression (r = 0.39, p < 0.001), and autistic traits were shown to positively predict depression (B = 0.28, p < 0.001). Interpersonal emotion regulation and social self-efficacy were found to play a serial mediating role between autistic traits and depression (indirect effect = 0.020, p = 0.006).

Conclusion: This study is a supplement to the mechanism of the relationship between autistic traits and depression. Interpersonal emotion regulation and social self-efficacy are important predictors of possible depression in individuals with high autistic traits. These findings suggest combining interpersonal emotional regulation training and exploring the clinical value of interpersonal emotional regulation interventions in individuals with high autistic traits and autism spectrum disorder, aiming to build social confidence, reduce negative moods, restore social functioning, and other aspects.

目的:抑郁症的高发与自闭症特质有关;然而,自闭症特质与抑郁症之间的确切关联尚未完全阐明。良好的人际情绪调节能力和社交自我效能感对心理健康至关重要;因此,在本研究中,我们调查了自闭症特质、人际情绪调节能力、社交自我效能感和抑郁症之间的关系:共有 1024 名 16 至 23 岁的参与者(女性 613 人,男性 411 人)(M=19.03,SD=0.95)填写了调查问卷,旨在评估他们的自闭症特质、人际情绪调节能力、社交自我效能感和抑郁情况。数据通过斯皮尔曼相关分析和中介效应分析进行分析:自闭症特质与抑郁有明显的正相关(r = 0.39,p < 0.001),自闭症特质对抑郁有积极的预测作用(B = 0.28,p < 0.001)。研究发现,人际情绪调节和社会自我效能在自闭症特质与抑郁之间起到了连续的中介作用(间接效应=0.020,P=0.006):本研究是对自闭症特质与抑郁之间关系机制的补充。人际情绪调节和社会自我效能感是预测高度自闭症特质个体可能患抑郁症的重要因素。这些发现建议结合人际情绪调节训练,探索人际情绪调节干预对高度自闭症特质和自闭症谱系障碍个体的临床价值,旨在建立社交自信、减少负性情绪、恢复社交功能等方面。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence and Prediction of Video Gaming Addiction Among Saudi Adolescents, Using the Game Addiction Scale for Adolescents (GASA). 使用青少年游戏成瘾量表 (GASA) 预测沙特青少年视频游戏成瘾的发生率和预测结果。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-12 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S493776
Mostafa A Abolfotouh, Najla A Barnawi

Background: Understanding the prevalence and predictors of video game (VG) addiction is crucial in the Saudi context for improving the quality of life for adolescents and youths. We aim to determine the prevalence, types, and predictors of VG addiction disorders among Saudi adolescents using the validated Arabic-translated Game Addiction Scale for Adolescents (GASA).

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 787 adolescents was conducted via SurveyMonkey with the validated Arabic-translated GASA. The tool has seven domains, each containing three items, scored on a 5-point Likert scale. Data were collected on adolescent demographic characteristics (gender, age, education level, school performance, interaction, socialization, exercising, prayer, the parent's marital status, and education) and VG-related characteristics (age when child started playing VG, duration of playing VG per day, number of children in the family playing VG, parent's permission to play, parent's perception about the positive influence of VG). Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the predictors of VG addiction. Significance was considered at p < 0.05.

Results: Of the 787 adolescents, 8.3% were addicted gamers, 33.4% were problem gamers, and 2.2% were highly engaged. Being an addicted gamer was significantly associated with male gender (OR = 1.36, p = 0.038), higher fathers' education (OR = 1.62, p = 0.001), and favorable perception of parents to VG (OR = 1.51, p = 0.007). When the ROC curve was applied, a cut-off score of 85 was the optimum GASA score above which the adolescent was likely to be an addicted gamer, with 76.9% sensitivity, 84.2% specificity, and an area under the curve of 88.5%.

Conclusion: Our study could be a pilot study for similar studies in other Arab countries. Potential community-based educational programs, parental involvement strategies, or activities to promote alternative hobbies of adolescents are recommended. Additional studies are necessary on how cultural differences might influence gaming addiction and the applicability of Western-based tools like GASA to Saudi contexts.

背景:在沙特,了解电子游戏(VG)成瘾的患病率和预测因素对于提高青少年的生活质量至关重要。我们旨在使用经过验证的阿拉伯语翻译版《青少年游戏成瘾量表》(GASA)来确定沙特青少年电子游戏成瘾症的患病率、类型和预测因素:通过 SurveyMonkey 对 787 名青少年进行了横断面研究,并使用了经过验证的阿拉伯语翻译版 GASA。该工具有七个领域,每个领域包含三个项目,采用 5 分制李克特量表计分。收集的数据包括青少年人口特征(性别、年龄、受教育程度、在校表现、互动、社交、锻炼、祈祷、父母的婚姻状况和受教育程度)和 VG 相关特征(孩子开始玩 VG 的年龄、每天玩 VG 的时间、家中玩 VG 的孩子数量、父母是否允许孩子玩 VG、父母对 VG 积极影响的看法)。对VG成瘾的预测因素进行了逻辑回归分析。P<0.05为显著性:在 787 名青少年中,8.3% 为沉迷游戏者,33.4% 为问题游戏者,2.2% 为高度参与游戏者。沉迷游戏者与男性性别(OR = 1.36,p = 0.038)、父亲受教育程度较高(OR = 1.62,p = 0.001)和父母对 VG 的好感(OR = 1.51,p = 0.007)显著相关。根据 ROC 曲线,85 分是最佳的 GASA 临界值,超过 85 分的青少年可能是游戏成瘾者,灵敏度为 76.9%,特异度为 84.2%,曲线下面积为 88.5%:我们的研究可以作为在其他阿拉伯国家开展类似研究的试点。建议开展潜在的社区教育计划、家长参与策略或活动,以促进青少年的其他爱好。对于文化差异如何影响游戏成瘾,以及西方工具(如 GASA)在沙特的适用性等问题,有必要开展更多研究。
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引用次数: 0
Childhood Maltreatment and Adolescent Eating Disorders' Symptoms: A Moderated Mediation Model of Social Anxiety and Physical Activity. 童年虐待与青少年饮食失调症状:社交焦虑与体育活动的调节中介模型》(A Moderated Mediation Model of Social Anxiety and Physical Activity)。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-12 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S489186
Sihong Li, Xuerong Luo, Lintong Song, Xueping Gao, Yanmei Shen

Background: Childhood maltreatment contributes to an increased risk of eating disorders in adolescents. However, less is known regarding the underlying mechanism between childhood maltreatment and eating disorders' symptoms. This study tested the mediation effect of social anxiety in the association between childhood maltreatment and eating disorders' symptoms and whether this mediation was moderated by physical activity.

Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted among 848 students in grades 7-8 from a middle school in Changsha, China. The students completed measurements on childhood maltreatment (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) at the baseline and measurements on social anxiety (The Social Anxiety Scale-Adolescents), physical activity, and eating disorders' symptoms (The Eating Attitudes Test) after six months. Mediation and moderation analyses were carried out in SPSS macro-PROCESS.

Results: Emotional abuse was significantly related to eating disorders'symptoms, and the association was mediated by social anxiety (indirect effect: β = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.05, p<0.05). Furthermore, physical activities moderated the path of emotional abuse to social anxiety (β = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.25 to 0.39, p<0.01) and social anxiety to eating disorders'symptoms (β = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.10 to 0.26, p<0.01).

Conclusion: This research emphasizes the importance of social anxiety in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and eating disorders' symptoms. Additionally, these associations are weaker for adolescents with more physical activities, addressing the importance of physical activity in the prevention and management of eating disorders' symptoms.

背景:童年虐待会增加青少年患饮食失调症的风险。然而,人们对童年虐待与进食障碍症状之间的内在机制知之甚少。本研究测试了社交焦虑在童年虐待与饮食失调症状之间的中介效应,以及这种中介效应是否受到体育锻炼的调节:方法:本研究对中国长沙一所中学的 848 名 7-8 年级学生进行了纵向研究。这些学生在基线期完成了有关童年虐待的测量(童年创伤问卷),并在六个月后完成了有关社交焦虑(青少年社交焦虑量表)、体育活动和进食障碍症状(进食态度测试)的测量。在 SPSS 宏程序中进行了中介和调节分析:结果:情感虐待与进食障碍症状有明显的相关性,而社交焦虑则对这种相关性起到了中介作用(间接效应:β = 0.03,95% CI:0.01 至 0.05,p):这项研究强调了社交焦虑在童年虐待与饮食失调症状之间关系中的重要性。此外,这些关联对于体育活动较多的青少年来说较弱,这说明了体育活动在预防和控制进食障碍症状方面的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Mediating Effect of Emotional Symptoms on the Association Between Alexithymia and Substance Dependence in Patients with Substance Use Disorder: The Protective Role of Family Support and Self-Efficacy. 情绪症状对药物使用障碍患者的亚历山大症与药物依赖之间关联的中介效应:家庭支持和自我效能的保护作用》。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-08 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S478305
Dian-Jeng Li, Hung-Chi Wu

Background: The etiology of the association between alexithymia and substance use is complex, and there is an urgent need to explore the related factors. The aims of this study were to develop a conceptual model to verify the mediating effect of emotional symptoms and moderating effect of family support and self-efficacy on the association between alexithymia and substance dependence.

Methods: A total of 117 participants (103 males and 14 females; age at 35.29 ± 8.72 years) with substance use disorder were analyzed. Outcome measures included demographic characteristics, severity of dependence, symptoms of alexithymia, emotional symptoms (depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms), level of family support, and self-efficacy. The PROCESS macro in SPSS was used to estimate path coefficients and adequacy of the moderated mediation model, which was adjusted for demographic characteristics.

Results: Most of the participants had amphetamine use disorder (n = 42, 35.9%). After controlling for the effects of demographic characteristics, the moderated mediation model showed that the association between alexithymia and substance dependence was mediated by emotional symptoms and moderated by family support and self-efficacy. A higher level of family support reduced the effect of alexithymia on emotional symptoms, and a higher level of self-efficacy reduced the effect of emotional symptoms on substance dependence.

Conclusion: Family support and self-efficacy have a protective effect on the association between alexithymia and substance dependence in patients with substance use disorder. Early interventions to enhance these protective factors may be beneficial.

背景:亚历山大症与药物使用之间的关联病因复杂,迫切需要探索相关因素。本研究的目的是建立一个概念模型,以验证情绪症状的中介效应以及家庭支持和自我效能对亚历山大症与药物依赖之间关联的调节效应:共分析了 117 名药物使用障碍患者(男性 103 人,女性 14 人;年龄为 35.29 ± 8.72 岁)。结果测量包括人口统计学特征、依赖严重程度、无情感症状、情绪症状(抑郁、焦虑和躯体症状)、家庭支持水平和自我效能。SPSS的PROCESS宏用于估计路径系数和调节中介模型的充分性,该模型根据人口特征进行了调整:大多数参与者患有苯丙胺使用障碍(n = 42,35.9%)。在控制了人口统计学特征的影响后,调节中介模型显示,有情感障碍与药物依赖之间的关系由情绪症状中介,并由家庭支持和自我效能感调节。较高水平的家庭支持会降低情感症状对lexithymia的影响,而较高水平的自我效能会降低情感症状对药物依赖的影响:结论:家庭支持和自我效能对药物使用障碍患者的情感障碍和药物依赖之间的联系具有保护作用。早期干预以增强这些保护性因素可能是有益的。
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引用次数: 0
Hiding Uncertain Me in the Crowd: Avoidance-Oriented Affiliation Defense to Self-Uncertainty. 把不确定的我藏在人群中:以回避为导向的自我不确定性亲缘防卫
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-07 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S469906
Yang Gao, Weijia Peng, Xinjia Xi, Yaqing Gan, Yang Shen

Purpose: This study explored how individuals cope with self-uncertainty by subconsciously affiliating with groups. Specifically, we investigated whether this affiliation is driven by avoiding isolation rather than pursuing group identity or entitativity.

Methods: In Study 1, we recruited 50 undergraduate students and employed the Affect Misattribution Procedure (AMP) to measure implicit attitudes toward affiliation and isolation after inducing self-uncertainty. In Study 2, 70 participants were presented with images of abstract human avatars representing different group sizes to assess their preference for group affiliation under conditions of induced self-uncertainty.

Results: Study 1 revealed that individuals experiencing self-uncertainty exhibited a significantly more negative implicit attitude towards isolation than affiliation, with no significant positive shift towards group affiliation. Study 2 further supported these findings by demonstrating a pronounced tendency for self-uncertain individuals to prefer larger, cohesive groups (affiliation) and to report greater feelings of safety within such groups, indicating avoidance of isolation as a critical driver.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that individuals experiencing self-uncertainty instinctively seek refuge in groups as a defense mechanism against isolation rather than for identity validation. This avoidance-oriented affiliation underscores a fundamental psychological process for managing self-uncertainty, highlighting the importance of social proximity in alleviating feelings of insecurity.

目的:本研究探讨了个体如何通过下意识地从属于群体来应对自我不确定性。具体来说,我们研究了这种从属关系是否是由避免孤立而不是追求群体认同或权益性所驱动的:在研究 1 中,我们招募了 50 名本科生,并采用情感错误归因程序(AMP)来测量他们在诱导自我不确定性后对归属和孤立的内隐态度。在研究2中,向70名参与者展示了代表不同群体规模的抽象人类头像,以评估他们在诱导自我不确定性条件下对群体归属的偏好:研究 1 显示,经历过自我不确定性的人对孤立的内隐态度明显比对从属关系的内隐态度消极,而对群体从属关系的内隐态度则没有明显的积极转变。研究 2 进一步证实了这些发现,表明自我不确定的个体更倾向于较大的、有凝聚力的群体(从属关系),并报告在这些群体中更有安全感,这表明避免孤立是一个关键的驱动因素:研究结果表明,经历过自我不确定的个体本能地在群体中寻求庇护,这是一种防止孤立的防御机制,而不是为了验证身份。这种以回避为导向的从属关系强调了管理自我不确定性的基本心理过程,突出了社会亲近感在缓解不安全感方面的重要性。
{"title":"Hiding Uncertain Me in the Crowd: Avoidance-Oriented Affiliation Defense to Self-Uncertainty.","authors":"Yang Gao, Weijia Peng, Xinjia Xi, Yaqing Gan, Yang Shen","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S469906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S469906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study explored how individuals cope with self-uncertainty by subconsciously affiliating with groups. Specifically, we investigated whether this affiliation is driven by avoiding isolation rather than pursuing group identity or entitativity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In Study 1, we recruited 50 undergraduate students and employed the Affect Misattribution Procedure (AMP) to measure implicit attitudes toward affiliation and isolation after inducing self-uncertainty. In Study 2, 70 participants were presented with images of abstract human avatars representing different group sizes to assess their preference for group affiliation under conditions of induced self-uncertainty.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study 1 revealed that individuals experiencing self-uncertainty exhibited a significantly more negative implicit attitude towards isolation than affiliation, with no significant positive shift towards group affiliation. Study 2 further supported these findings by demonstrating a pronounced tendency for self-uncertain individuals to prefer larger, cohesive groups (affiliation) and to report greater feelings of safety within such groups, indicating avoidance of isolation as a critical driver.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that individuals experiencing self-uncertainty instinctively seek refuge in groups as a defense mechanism against isolation rather than for identity validation. This avoidance-oriented affiliation underscores a fundamental psychological process for managing self-uncertainty, highlighting the importance of social proximity in alleviating feelings of insecurity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20954,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"17 ","pages":"3827-3840"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11552385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association Between Serum Magnesium Levels and Depression in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis: A Study Conducted at Handan First Hospital, China. 腹膜透析患者血清镁水平与抑郁之间的关系:中国邯郸市第一医院的一项研究。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-07 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S476203
Yan-Ping Cao, Bo Yuan, Rui-Qing Zhang, Ya-Meng Ding, Wei-Jia Shi, Ru-Juan Chen, Ya-Min Wang

Background: Depression exhibits notable prevalence among patients affected by chronic kidney disease(CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Emerging reports suggest a potential association between magnesium (Mg) levels and depressive symptoms, there has been a surge of interest in exploring Mg supplementation as a complementary measure in depression treatment.

Objective: In this study our aim is to investigate the correlation between depressive symptoms and serum Mg level in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) at Handan First Hospital, China. Additionally, we assessed the diagnostic significance of this relationship and identified pertinent influencing factors.

Methods: This study comprises a cohort of 140 individuals undergoing PD for a minimum duration of 3 months at the PD center of the Handan First Hospital. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) served as the assessment tool to evaluate the psychological status of the patients. Serum Mg levels, hemoglobin (Hb), and various demographic and clinical data were collected. Logistic regression and ROC analysis were performed to identify significant predictors of depression.

Results: The prevalence of depression was higher in patients with hypomagnesemia (60%) compared to those with normal or elevated Mg levels. Notably, a correlation emerged between abnormal serum Mg levels and the presence of depressive symptoms among individuals undergoing PD. Furthermore, binary logistic regression analysis revealed that serum Mg levels, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, and unemployment significantly influenced the likelihood of occurrence of depression in patients undergoing PD (P< 0.05).

Conclusion: In addition, serum Mg levels demonstrate significant predictive value in anticipating onset of depression, indicating that rectifying low serum Mg levels among patients undergoing PD may serve as a preventive measure against depression. Further research is recommended to explore the therapeutic potential of Mg supplementation in this population.

背景:抑郁症在慢性肾脏病(CKD)和终末期肾脏病(ESRD)患者中的发病率很高。新近的报告显示,镁(Mg)水平与抑郁症状之间存在潜在的关联,因此,人们对将补充镁作为抑郁症治疗的辅助措施的兴趣大增:本研究旨在探讨中国邯郸市第一医院腹膜透析(PD)患者抑郁症状与血清镁水平之间的相关性。此外,我们还评估了这种关系的诊断意义,并确定了相关的影响因素:本研究包括在邯郸市第一医院透析中心接受至少 3 个月透析的 140 名患者。汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)是评估患者心理状况的工具。此外,还收集了血清镁水平、血红蛋白(Hb)以及各种人口统计学和临床数据。通过逻辑回归和 ROC 分析来确定抑郁症的重要预测因素:结果:与镁水平正常或升高的患者相比,低镁血症患者的抑郁症发病率更高(60%)。值得注意的是,在接受肺结核治疗的患者中,血清镁水平异常与抑郁症状之间存在相关性。此外,二元逻辑回归分析表明,血清镁水平、血红蛋白(Hb)浓度和失业率显著影响了腹膜透析患者出现抑郁症的可能性(P< 0.05):此外,血清镁水平在预测抑郁症的发生方面具有重要价值,这表明,在接受腰椎间盘突出症治疗的患者中纠正低血清镁水平可作为预防抑郁症的措施。建议进一步开展研究,探索在这一人群中补充镁的治疗潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Doctors' Abusive Supervision and Patients' Deviant Behavior in Taizhou, China: The Mediating Role of Patients' Negative Emotion. 中国台州医生的粗暴监管与患者的偏差行为:患者负面情绪的中介作用。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-07 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S476132
Chengwen Luo, Tao-Hsin Tung, Hai-Xiao Chen

Objective: To explore the association between doctors' abusive supervision and patients' deviant behavior, and to evaluate the mediating role of patients' negative emotion.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with a convenient sample was conducted among hospitalized patients from April 13 to May 23, 2022, at a medical center in Taizhou, China. A total of 923 hospitalized patients participated in this survey. Collected data was analyzed based on correlation analyses and mediation regression approach.

Results: The findings showed that inpatients who think they experienced abusive supervision from their doctors exhibited higher negative emotion and were more likely to engage in both interpersonal and organizational deviance. In addition, the higher negative emotion the inpatients had, the more likely they would take deviant behavior. Of note, patients' negative emotion served as a mediator between doctors' abusive supervision and patients' deviant behavior.

Conclusion: Both doctors' abusive supervision and patients' negative emotion were found to be significantly correlated with patients' deviant behavior, with negative emotion playing a mediating role between abusive supervision and deviance. This finding will be helpful for studying the doctor-patient relationship.

目的探讨医生滥用监督权与患者偏差行为之间的关系,并评估患者负性情绪的中介作用:方法:2022 年 4 月 13 日至 5 月 23 日,在中国台州市某医疗中心对住院患者进行了一项方便抽样的横断面研究。共有 923 名住院患者参与了此次调查。根据相关分析和中介回归法对收集的数据进行了分析:研究结果表明,住院病人如果认为自己受到了医生的虐待性监督,就会表现出更高的负性情绪,更有可能出现人际和组织偏差。此外,住院病人的负面情绪越高,他们越有可能采取偏差行为。值得注意的是,患者的负面情绪在医生的滥用监督和患者的偏差行为之间起到了中介作用:结论:研究发现,医生的粗暴监管和病人的负面情绪都与病人的偏差行为显著相关,其中负面情绪在粗暴监管和偏差行为之间起着中介作用。这一发现将有助于研究医患关系。
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引用次数: 0
The Combined Impact of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior on Executive Functions in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. 体育锻炼和久坐行为对老年人执行功能的综合影响:一项横断面研究
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-07 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S486089
Hung-Yu Chen, Chen-Sin Hung, Ting-Ting Wu, Fei-Fei Ren, Yu-Kai Chang, Feng-Tzu Chen

Background: The interplay between physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) significantly influences cognitive health in older adults, with executive functions (EFs) being particularly vulnerable to lifestyle factors. However, previous research on older adults focused mainly on PA and is limited due to the lack of comprehensive consideration of other factors that influence EFs. Current guidelines suggest an association between sedentary behavior (SB) and EFs, yet few studies have examined the combined effects of PA and SB on EFs.

Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the relationship between PA, SB, and EFs in older adults.

Methods: A total of 116 healthy older adults aged ≥65 years were recruited and categorized into four groups based on activity lifestyles: higher PA and higher SB (PHSH); higher PA and lower SB (PHSL); lower PA and higher SB (PLSH); and lower PA and lower SB (PLSL). EFs were assessed using the Tower of London (TOL) task and the Stroop test, which measure high-order EFs (planning and problem-solving) and core EFs (inhibitory control), respectively.

Results: The PHSL group performed better on the TOL task, with lower total move scores and shorter total problem-solving times, compared to the PLSH group. The total move score of the PLSL group was better, and the total problem-solving time of the PHSH group was shorter than those of the PLSH group. However, the Stroop test scores did not differ between the four groups.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that increasing PA or reducing SB selectively enhances executive functions, particularly in planning and problem-solving, while less impacting inhibitory control in older adults. This highlights the importance of considering the nuanced effects of PA and SB on different aspects of executing functioning in older adults.

背景:体力活动(PA)和久坐行为(SB)之间的相互作用对老年人的认知健康有重大影响,其中执行功能(EFs)尤其容易受到生活方式因素的影响。然而,以往对老年人的研究主要集中在体力活动方面,由于缺乏对影响执行功能的其他因素的综合考虑,因此研究成果有限。目前的指导方针表明,久坐行为(SB)与EFs之间存在关联,但很少有研究探讨PA和SB对EFs的综合影响:本横断面研究旨在探讨老年人的体力活动、久坐行为和EFs之间的关系:共招募了 116 名年龄≥65 岁的健康老年人,并根据活动生活方式分为四组:较高 PA 和较高 SB(PHSH);较高 PA 和较低 SB(PHSL);较低 PA 和较高 SB(PLSH);较低 PA 和较低 SB(PLSL)。采用伦敦塔(TOL)任务和 Stroop 测试对 EFs 进行评估,这两项测试分别测量高阶 EFs(计划和解决问题)和核心 EFs(抑制控制):与 PLSH 组相比,PHSL 组在 TOL 任务中表现更好,移动总分更低,解决问题总时间更短。与 PLSH 组相比,PHSL 组的移动总分更高,解决问题总时间更短。然而,四组之间的 Stroop 测试得分并无差异:这些研究结果表明,增加 PA 或减少 SB 可选择性地增强老年人的执行功能,尤其是在计划和解决问题方面,而对抑制控制的影响较小。这凸显了考虑PA和SB对老年人执行功能不同方面的细微影响的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Maternal Childhood Trauma on Children's Problem Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Maternal Depression and the Moderating Role of Mindful Parenting. 母亲的童年创伤对儿童问题行为的影响:母亲抑郁的中介作用和用心养育的调节作用。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S485821
Xianhua Zhang, Enqin Yan

Objective: This study investigates the impact of maternal childhood trauma on children's problem behaviors, focusing on the mediating role of maternal depression and the moderating role of mindful parenting.

Methods: The study used a convenience sampling method to survey 385 mother-child pairs from kindergartens in Jinan, China. Data were collected in two waves, and various validated questionnaires were used to assess maternal childhood trauma, depression, mindful parenting, and children's problem behaviors.

Results: Maternal childhood trauma positively predicted children's problem behaviors. Maternal depression was found to mediate this relationship. Mindful parenting moderated the effects of maternal childhood trauma and depression on children's problem behaviors, with high levels of mindful parenting mitigating these adverse effects.

Conclusion: Maternal childhood trauma impacts children's problem behaviors both directly and indirectly through maternal depression. Mindful parenting serves as a protective factor, reducing the negative impact of maternal childhood trauma and depression on children's problem behaviors. These findings highlight the importance of interventions aimed at enhancing mindful parenting practices to improve child outcomes.

研究目的本研究探讨了母亲童年创伤对儿童问题行为的影响,重点研究了母亲抑郁的中介作用和正念养育的调节作用:本研究采用便利抽样法对济南市幼儿园的 385 对母子进行了调查。数据分两轮收集,并使用各种有效问卷对母亲的童年创伤、抑郁、正念养育和儿童的问题行为进行评估:结果:母亲的童年创伤对儿童的问题行为有积极的预测作用。结果发现:母亲的童年创伤对儿童的问题行为有积极的预测作用,而母亲的抑郁则是这种关系的中介。正念养育调节了母亲童年创伤和抑郁对儿童问题行为的影响,高水平的正念养育减轻了这些不利影响:结论:母亲的童年创伤会直接或通过母亲抑郁间接影响儿童的问题行为。正念养育是一种保护因素,可减少母亲的童年创伤和抑郁对儿童问题行为的负面影响。这些研究结果突显了旨在加强正念养育实践以改善儿童结果的干预措施的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
The Mediation Effect of Academic Self-Efficacy on Academic Procrastination, Performance, and Satisfaction of Chinese Local Technology University Undergraduates. 学业自我效能感对中国地方理工大学本科生学业拖延、学习成绩和满意度的中介效应
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S479189
Qi Tian, Siti Maziha Mustapha, Jie Min

Purpose: To identify the relationship between academic procrastination, performance, self-efficacy, and satisfaction, we investigate the mediational role of academic self-efficacy between academic procrastination and satisfaction, and between academic performance and satisfaction, respectively, among undergraduate students of local technology universities in China.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 388 undergraduate students from 22 local technology universities in Hubei, China. Data was collected through an online questionnaire measuring academic procrastination, performance, self-efficacy, and satisfaction. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze the relationship between variables. Structural equation modeling analysis and the bootstrap method were employed to examine the mediating effect of academic self-efficacy on the relationship between academic procrastination, academic performance, and academic satisfaction, respectively.

Results: (a) Academic procrastination was widespread, with 47.6% of respondents exhibiting high levels and 30.2% showing moderate tendencies. (b) Academic procrastination exhibited a negative and statistically significant relationship with academic self-efficacy and satisfaction, respectively. Conversely, academic performance was positively and statistically significantly associated with self-efficacy and satisfaction. Furthermore, academic self-efficacy displayed a positive and statistically significant correlation with academic satisfaction. (c) Academic self-efficacy mediated the relationship between academic procrastination and satisfaction as well as between academic performance and satisfaction.

Conclusion: This study highlights the mechanism of academic satisfaction of undergraduate students, with a particular emphasis on the mediating role of academic self-efficacy, especially verifying its mediating role between academic performance and satisfaction. The findings hold significant implications for policymakers, university administrators, educators, and undergraduate students, offering insights for enhancing academic satisfaction in undergraduate learning and contributing to expanding the mechanistic understanding of academic satisfaction.

目的:为了明确学业拖延、学习成绩、自我效能感和满意度之间的关系,我们分别研究了学业自我效能感在学业拖延和满意度之间以及学业成绩和满意度之间的中介作用:方法:我们对湖北省 22 所地方科技大学的 388 名本科生进行了横断面研究。数据通过在线问卷调查的方式收集,调查内容包括学业拖延、学习成绩、自我效能感和满意度。研究采用了描述性统计和皮尔逊相关系数来分析变量之间的关系。结果:(a) 学业拖延现象十分普遍,47.6%的受访者表现出高度拖延,30.2%的受访者表现出中度拖延。(b) 学业拖延分别与学业自我效能感和满意度呈负相关,且在统计学上有显著关系。相反,学业成绩与自我效能感和满意度呈正相关,且在统计上有显著性差异。此外,学业自我效能感与学业满意度呈统计意义上的正相关。(c) 学业自我效能感在学业拖延与满意度之间以及学业成绩与满意度之间起到了中介作用:本研究强调了本科生学业满意度的形成机制,特别是强调了学业自我效能感的中介作用,尤其是验证了它在学业成绩和满意度之间的中介作用。研究结果对政策制定者、大学管理者、教育工作者和本科生具有重要意义,为提高本科生的学业满意度提供了启示,并有助于拓展对学业满意度机制的理解。
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引用次数: 0
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Psychology Research and Behavior Management
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