Influence of charge on wormhole in f(R,Lm) gravity surrounded by dark matter halos

Abstract

This paper examines charged wormhole models within $f(R,L_m)$ gravity, supported by anisotropic energy–momentum tensors and Maxwell fields. The wormhole geometry is shaped by dark matter halo profiles, including the Universal Rotation Curve (URC), Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW), and Scalar Field Dark Matter (SFDM) models, assuming a constant redshift function. Using the $f(R,L_m)=\frac{R}{2}+L_m^n$ model, shape functions are derived by correlating the energy densities of dark matter halo profiles with those predicted by $f(R,L_m)$ gravity. The null energy condition (NEC) is analyzed at the wormhole throat, $r=r_0$, demonstrating specific parameter regimes where the NEC is violated. Stability is assessed through the equilibrium of hydrostatic and anisotropic forces, which cancel each other. The volume integral quantifier (VIQ) is utilized to evaluate the distribution of exotic matter near the throat, offering a detailed understanding of its role in stabilizing the wormhole. Finally, embedding diagrams are presented to illustrate the wormhole geometry, providing a visual representation of its spatial structure.