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Thermodynamics, shadow, and quasinormal modes of AdS Ayón–Beato–García massive black hole AdS Ayón-Beato-García大质量黑洞的热力学、阴影和准正态模式

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Annals of Physics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2026.170382

Dharm Veer Singh , Sudhaker Upadhyay , Amit Kumar , Yerlan Myrzakulov , Kairat Myrzakulov , Himanshu Kumar Sudhanshu

We investigate the thermodynamics, photon sphere, and dynamical stability of an AdS Ayón–Beato–García (ABG) massive black hole with graviton mass and magnetic charge. The Gibbs free energy exhibits distinct limiting behaviours: it reduces to that of an AdS massive black hole when magnetic charge vanishes, to that of an AdS ABG black hole when graviton mass is zero, and smoothly interpolates to the AdS massive Reissner–Nordström case in the asymptotic regime. Furthermore, the photon sphere and shadow analysis indicate that increasing the graviton mass expands their radii, while increasing the magnetic charge causes contraction, in agreement with earlier studies of black hole spacetimes. Quasinormal mode (QNM) calculations further confirm dynamical stability, as the imaginary part remains negative, ensuring decay of perturbations. Additionally, the real part of the frequency decreases with graviton mass, while the imaginary part initially grows before saturating at higher values. Together, these results provide meaningful insights into the interplay between graviton mass, magnetic charge, and stability, thereby enriching the understanding of black holes in modified gravity theories.

研究了具有引力子质量和磁荷的AdS Ayón-Beato-García （ABG）大质量黑洞的热力学、光子球和动力学稳定性。吉布斯自由能表现出明显的极限行为：当磁荷消失时，吉布斯自由能降为AdS质量黑洞的吉布斯自由能，当引力子质量为零时，吉布斯自由能降为AdS ABG黑洞的吉布斯自由能，并且在渐近区域平滑地插值到AdS质量Reissner-Nordström情况。此外，光子球和阴影分析表明，增加引力子质量会扩大其半径，而增加磁荷会导致收缩，这与早期的黑洞时空研究一致。准正态模式（QNM）计算进一步证实了动态稳定性，因为虚部仍然为负，确保了扰动的衰减。此外，频率的实部随重子质量的增加而减小，而虚部在较大的数值达到饱和之前开始增大。总之，这些结果为引力子质量、磁荷和稳定性之间的相互作用提供了有意义的见解，从而丰富了修正引力理论中对黑洞的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Quantum complexity of finite-temperature charged particle in magnetic field 磁场中有限温度带电粒子的量子复杂性

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Annals of Physics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2026.170388

M. Radomirov

In this work, we explore the circuit quantum complexity of a charged particle subjected to an external magnetic field at finite temperature. Using the Nielsen geometric approach, we compute the complexity of the thermofield double state as a function of time, temperature, and cyclotron frequency. We also analyze the oscillatory behavior of the complexity amplitude across different parameter regimes, demonstrating that these features cannot be recovered as a limiting case of the harmonic oscillator. Finally, we evaluate the complexity growth rate and show that it respects the Lloyd bound.

在这项工作中，我们探索了在有限温度下受外加磁场作用的带电粒子的电路量子复杂性。利用尼尔森几何方法，我们计算了热场双态的复杂性作为时间、温度和回旋加速器频率的函数。我们还分析了复杂性振幅在不同参数范围内的振荡行为，证明了这些特征在谐振子的极限情况下是不能恢复的。最后，我们评估了复杂性增长率，并证明它遵从劳埃德界。

引用次数: 0

The necessary and sufficient condition for perfect teleportation and superdense coding and all the suitable states for teleportation and superdense coding 完美的隐形传态和超密编码的充分必要条件和所有适合隐形传态和超密编码的状态

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Annals of Physics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2026.170377

Dafa Li

It is known that two local unitaries (LU) equivalent states possess the same amount of entanglement and can be used to perform the same tasks in quantum information theory (QIT). For a protocol for a task in QIT, we call a protocol LU invariant if two LU-equivalent states are either both suitable for the protocol or neither is. So far, no one has discussed whether a protocol for a task in QIT is LU invariant. In Agrawal and Pati (2006) proposed the perfect teleportation protocol (PTP) and the protocol for superdense coding to transmit 2-bit classical information by sending one qubit (PSDC-2) and 3-bit classical information by sending two qubits (PSDC-3). In this paper, we show that PTP and PSDC-2 are LU invariant. That is, two LU equivalent states are suitable for PTP and PSDC-2 or neither of them is. We show that PSDC-3 is not LU invariant. We also indicate that the teleportation proposed in Nielsen and Chuang (2000) is not LU invariant. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for a state to be suitable for PTP, PSDC-2, and PSDC-3, respectively. Via the LU invariance of PTP and PSDC-2, we prove that a state is suitable for PTP and PSDC-2 if and only if it has 1 ebit of shared entanglement, respectively and find all genuine entangled states and separable states which are suitable for PTP and PSDC-2, respectively. So far, no one has indicated that PTP and PSDC-2 do not require genuine entanglement. Agrawal and Pati suggested to study if there are subclasses of W SLOCC class which are suitable for PSDC-3. So far, it still remains an unsolved question. We show that any state of the SLOCC class W is not suitable for PSDC-3.

在量子信息理论（QIT）中，已知两个局部酉等效态具有相同的纠缠量，可以用来执行相同的任务。对于QIT中任务的协议，如果两个等效的LU状态都适合该协议，或者都不适合该协议，我们称该协议为LU不变量。到目前为止，还没有人讨论过QIT中任务的协议是否具有LU不变性。Agrawal和Pati（2006）提出了完善的隐形传态协议（PTP）和发送一个量子比特（PSDC-2）传输2位经典信息和发送两个量子比特（PSDC-3）传输3位经典信息的超密集编码协议。本文证明了PTP和PSDC-2是LU不变量。即PTP和PSDC-2有两种LU等效状态，或者两者都不适合。我们证明了PSDC-3不是LU不变的。我们还指出Nielsen和Chuang（2000）提出的隐形传态不是LU不变的。我们分别给出了PTP、PSDC-2和PSDC-3适合状态的充分必要条件。通过PTP和PSDC-2的LU不变性，证明了一个状态分别当且仅当PTP和PSDC-2具有1 ebit的共享纠缠时是适合的，并找到了适合PTP和PSDC-2的所有真实纠缠态和可分离态。到目前为止，还没有人表明PTP和PSDC-2不需要真正的纠缠。Agrawal和Pati建议研究W SLOCC类中是否存在适合PSDC-3的亚类。到目前为止，这仍然是一个未解决的问题。我们证明了SLOCC类W的任何状态都不适合PSDC-3。

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引用次数: 0

Modeling of non-rotating neutron stars in 5D Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity 5D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet重力下非旋转中子星的建模

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Annals of Physics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2026.170391

M. Mazhari , G.H. Bordbar

This study investigates the modeling of anisotropic magnetized static neutron stars within the framework of five-dimensional Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (5D EGB) gravity. While Einstein’s gravity has been traditionally employed to examine neutron stars, recent observational advancements have revealed its limitations in accurately describing high-mass astronomical objects-particularly in predicting or explaining certain observed neutron star masses. In response, this research seeks to address the limitations of Einstein’s gravity in characterizing high-mass neutron stars by modifying the gravitational action and incorporating the Gauss–Bonnet term. This term holds significant dynamical relevance in higher dimensions, particularly within the context of five-dimensional Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (EGB) gravity explored in this study, thereby providing a more realistic description of gravitational phenomena under extreme conditions. By deriving the generalized Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equations for five-dimensional Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity and utilizing the AV18 nuclear potential, we analyze the profiles of metric functions, density and pressure, gradients of density and pressure, the anisotropic function and its trace, mass-function and compactness, the mass–radius curve, surface redshift function, equation of state parameters, and radial and tangential sound speeds. Additionally, stability factors, adiabatic indices, and energy conditions are examined. The results indicate that all conditions are satisfied for specific values of the coupling constant, confirming the physical stability of the model. Furthermore, higher dimensions enhance resistance to gravitational collapse, resulting in an increase in the maximum mass predicted by the proposed model. Ultimately, calculations show that the modified Buchdahl inequality is satisfied as well.

本文研究了在五维爱因斯坦-高斯-邦纳（5D EGB）引力框架下各向异性磁化静态中子星的建模。传统上，爱因斯坦的引力理论被用来研究中子星，但最近的观测进展揭示了它在精确描述大质量天体方面的局限性——尤其是在预测或解释某些观测到的中子星质量方面。作为回应，本研究试图通过修改引力作用并纳入高斯-邦纳项来解决爱因斯坦引力在描述高质量中子星时的局限性。这个术语在高维中具有重要的动力学相关性，特别是在本研究中探索的五维爱因斯坦-高斯-邦纳（EGB）引力的背景下，从而为极端条件下的引力现象提供了更现实的描述。通过推导广义Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff五维爱因斯坦-高斯-博内重力方程，利用AV18核势，分析了重力的度函数、密度和压力、密度和压力梯度、各向异性函数及其迹、质量函数和紧度、质量半径曲线、表面红移函数、状态参数方程、径向和切向声速的分布。此外，还研究了稳定性因子、绝热指数和能量条件。结果表明，耦合常数的特定值满足所有条件，证实了模型的物理稳定性。此外，更高的维度增强了对引力坍缩的抵抗力，从而导致该模型预测的最大质量增加。最后，计算表明，修正的Buchdahl不等式也得到了满足。

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引用次数: 0

Relativistic stars in f(Q)-gravity: Exact analytic solution for the power-law case f(Q)=Q+bQν f(Q)引力中的相对论恒星：幂律情况f(Q)=Q+bQν的精确解析解

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Annals of Physics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2026.170387

Nikolaos Dimakis , Alex Giacomini , Andronikos Paliathanasis , Grigorios Panotopoulos

We investigate static spherically symmetric spacetimes within the framework of symmetric teleparallel

f (Q)

gravity in order to describe relativistic stars. We adopt a specific ansatz for the background geometry corresponding to a singularity-free spacetime. We obtain an expression for the connection, which allows the derivation of solutions for any

f (Q)

theory in this context. Our approach aims to address a recurring error appearing in the literature, where even when a connection compatible with spherical symmetry is adopted, the field equation for the connection is systematically omitted and not checked if it is satisfied. For the stellar configuration, we concentrate on the power-law model

f (Q) = Q + α Q_{0} {(\frac{Q}{Q_{0}})}^{ν}

. The de Sitter–Schwarzschild geometry naturally emerges as an attractor beyond a certain radius, we thus utilize it as the external solution beyond the boundary of the star. We perform a detailed investigation of the physical characteristics of the interior solution, explicitly determining the mass function, analyzing the resulting gravitational fluid properties and deriving the angular and radial speed of sound.

为了描述相对论性恒星，我们在对称遥平行f(Q)引力的框架下研究了静态球对称时空。我们对与无奇点时空相对应的背景几何结构采用了一种特殊的分析方法。我们得到了该连接的一个表达式，它允许在这种情况下推导任何f(Q)理论的解。我们的方法旨在解决文献中出现的一个反复出现的错误，即即使采用了与球对称兼容的连接，也系统地省略了连接的场方程，并且没有检查它是否满足。对于恒星构型，我们关注幂律模型f(Q)=Q+αQ0QQ0ν。在一定半径之外，德西特-史瓦西几何自然地作为吸引子出现，因此我们利用它作为恒星边界之外的外解。我们对内部溶液的物理特性进行了详细的研究，明确地确定了质量函数，分析了由此产生的重力流体特性，并推导了声速的角速度和径向速度。

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引用次数: 0

A two-mode model for black hole evaporation and information flow 黑洞蒸发和信息流的双模模型

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Annals of Physics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2026.170352

Erfan Bayenat , Babak Vakili

We develop and analyze a two-oscillator model for black hole evaporation in which an effective geometric degree of freedom and a representative Hawking radiation mode are described by coupled harmonic oscillators with opposite signs in their free Hamiltonians. The normal-mode structure is obtained analytically and the corresponding modal amplitudes determine the pattern of energy exchange between the two sectors. To bridge the discrete and semiclassical pictures, we introduce smooth envelope functions that provide a continuous effective description along the geometric variable. Numerical simulations in a truncated Fock space show that the two oscillators exchange quanta in an approximately out-of-phase manner, consistent with an effective conservation of

〈 n_{x} 〉 - 〈 n_{y} 〉

. The reduced entropy

S_{x} (t)

exhibits periodic growth, indicating entanglement generation. These results demonstrate that even a minimal two-mode framework can capture key qualitative features of energy transfer and information flow during evaporation.

我们建立并分析了一个黑洞蒸发的双振子模型，在该模型中，有效的几何自由度和具有代表性的霍金辐射模式由自由哈密顿量中具有相反符号的耦合谐振子来描述。解析得到了正模态结构，相应的模态振幅决定了两扇区之间能量交换的模式。为了连接离散和半经典图像，我们引入平滑包络函数，它沿着几何变量提供连续有效的描述。截断Fock空间中的数值模拟表明，两个振子以近似非相的方式交换量子，符合< nx > - < ny >的有效守恒。约简熵Sx(t)呈现周期性增长，表明纠缠产生。这些结果表明，即使是最小的双模框架也可以捕获蒸发过程中能量传递和信息流的关键定性特征。

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引用次数: 0

Zero and nonzero energy Majorana modes in an extended Kitaev chain 扩展Kitaev链中的零能和非零能Majorana模

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Annals of Physics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2026.170392

Mohammad Ghuneim , Raditya Weda Bomantara

This paper studies an extended Kitaev chain with three sublattices per unit cell. This extended version is obtained by hybridizing a modified Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model featuring trimerized unit cells with the standard Kitaev chain, resulting in a hexamer structure on the Majorana basis. Due to the interplay between the sublattice configuration and the

p

-wave superconducting pairing, a rich structure of edge modes beyond the expected Majorana zero modes is obtained. The various Majorana edge modes are further found to demonstrate considerable robustness against some generic perturbations and disorder. The presence of the non-zero Majorana edge modes in our system has the potential advantage that they could, in principle, be more unambiguously detected as compared to their zero energy counterparts, the detection of which remains an open problem. Therefore, while our system does not directly solve this open problem, it potentially offers a route to an intermediate solution that involves unambiguously detecting non-zero energy Majorana edge modes instead.

本文研究了一个每单元胞有三个子格的扩展基塔耶夫链。该扩展版本是通过将具有三聚体单元细胞的改进Su-Schrieffer-Heeger模型与标准Kitaev链杂交得到的，从而在Majorana基础上形成六聚体结构。由于亚晶格结构和p波超导对之间的相互作用，得到了超出预期的马约拉纳零模式的丰富边缘模式结构。进一步发现各种马约拉纳边模对一些一般扰动和无序表现出相当的鲁棒性。在我们的系统中，非零马约拉纳边缘模式的存在具有潜在的优势，即原则上，与零能量模式相比，它们可以更明确地检测到，这仍然是一个开放的问题。因此，虽然我们的系统不能直接解决这个开放性问题，但它可能提供了一条通往中间解决方案的途径，该解决方案涉及明确检测非零能量的Majorana边缘模式。

引用次数: 0

Form-preserving transformations of wave and Wigner functions 波函数和维格纳函数的保形变换

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Annals of Physics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2026.170380

Mustafa Amin, Mason Daub, Mark A. Walton

Solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation are mapped to other solutions for a (possibly) different potential by so-called form-preserving transformations. These time-dependent transformations of the space and time coordinates can produce remarkable solutions with surprising properties. A classic example is the force-free accelerating Airy beam found by Berry and Balazs. We review the 1-dimensional form-preserving transformations and show that they also yield Senitzky coherent excited states and the free dispersion of any harmonic-oscillator stationary state. Form preservation of the

D

- and 3-dimensional Schrödinger equation with both a scalar and a vector potential is then considered. Time-dependent rotations may be included when a vector potential is present; we find a general transformation formula for this case. Quantum form-preserving maps are also considered in phase space. First, the wave-function transformation is shown to produce a simple result for Wigner functions: they transform as a true phase-space probability would. The explicit transformation formula explains and generalizes the rigid evolution of curves in phase space that characterize the Airy beam and the coherent excited states. Then we recover the known form-preserving transformations from the Moyal equation obeyed by Wigner functions.

时间相关Schrödinger方程的解通过所谓的保形变换映射到（可能）不同势的其他解。这些时空坐标的时变变换可以产生具有惊人性质的非凡解。一个经典的例子是贝里和巴拉兹发现的无力加速艾里光束。我们回顾了一维保形变换，并证明它们也能产生森尼茨基相干激发态和任意谐振子定态的自由色散。然后考虑具有标量势和矢量势的D和3维Schrödinger方程的形式保存。当矢量势存在时，可以包括随时间变化的旋转；我们找到了这种情况下的一般变换公式。在相空间中也考虑了量子保形映射。首先，波函数变换显示为维格纳函数产生一个简单的结果：它们像真正的相空间概率那样变换。显式变换公式解释和推广了表征艾里光束和相干激发态的相空间曲线的刚性演化。然后我们从Moyal方程中恢复已知的维格纳函数所服从的保形变换。

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引用次数: 0

Detection of twisted radiowaves with Rydberg atoms 用里德伯原子探测扭曲无线电波

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Annals of Physics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2026.170378

P.O. Kazinski, P.S. Korolev, V.A. Ryakin

The dynamics of the outer electron in an alkali atom in the presence of structured electromagnetic waves is described. The interaction of the alkali Rydberg atom with twisted radiowaves is considered. The two schemes for Rydberg-atom based detector of twisted radiowaves are proposed. According to the theoretical model for these detectors, they can record a source of twisted radiowaves with power down to several nW. The first scheme of the detector employs the nondipole transitions between Rydberg states induced by twisted radio photons. The second scheme involves the array of Rydberg-atom based antennas, every antenna measuring the dipole transitions excited by plane radiowaves comprising the twisted one.

描述了结构电磁波存在下碱原子外层电子的动力学。考虑了碱里德伯原子与扭曲无线电波的相互作用。提出了两种基于里德堡原子的扭曲无线电波探测方案。根据这些探测器的理论模型，它们可以记录功率低至几个nW的扭曲无线电波源。探测器的第一种方案利用扭曲无线电光子诱导的里德伯态之间的非偶极子跃迁。第二种方案涉及基于里德堡原子的天线阵列，每个天线测量由扭曲的平面无线电波激发的偶极子跃迁。

引用次数: 0

The one-loop setting sun diagram with complex external momenta 具有复杂外动量的单环夕阳图

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Annals of Physics

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2026.170379

D. Dudal , D.M. van Egmond , G. Krein

We revisit the issue of analytically continuing Feynman integrals from Euclidean to Minkowski signature, allowing for generic complex momenta. Although this is well-known in terms of the Källén–Lehmann representation, we consider potential alternative takes on the same problem and discuss how these are not necessarily equivalent to the Källén–Lehmann integral outcome. We present our analysis for a simple enough case—the setting sun diagram in

d = 2

with a real mass at one-loop—but already with an eye out to the more general case with complex masses which will further complicate matters.

我们重新审视了从欧几里得到闵可夫斯基签名的解析连续费曼积分的问题，允许一般复动量。虽然这在Källén-Lehmann表示方面是众所周知的，但我们考虑了同样问题的潜在替代方案，并讨论了这些不一定等同于Källén-Lehmann积分结果的原因。我们对一个非常简单的情况进行分析，即d=2时的日落图，在一个环上有一个实际质量，但我们已经注意到具有复杂质量的更一般的情况，这将使问题进一步复杂化。

引用次数: 0

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