Comparison of Post-Radical Cystectomy Renal Function and Ileal Conduit-Related Complications Between Extracorporeal and Robot-Assisted Intracorporeal Urinary Diversion: A Single-Center Experience

Abstract

Introduction

Limited evidence exists regarding differences in post-operative renal function and ileal conduit-related complications, including ureteroenteric anastomotic stricture (UAS) and parastomal hernia (PH), between radical cystectomy (RC) with extracorporeal urinary diversion (ECUD) and robot-assisted RC with intracorporeal UD (ICUD).

Methods

We retrospectively collected the baseline and post-RC follow-up data from 179 patients receiving RC with ileal conduit UD (152 ECUD and 27 ICUD). The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m²) and occurrence of UAS and PH were post-operatively monitored. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages were determined based on eGFR level. UD-related complications were evaluated using the Clavien-Dindo system. Time-course changes in eGFR level and CKD-related survival rates were compared in both the original and propensity score-matched cohorts.

Results

Although the original ECUD group had higher eGFR levels (median, 60.9 vs. 52.1), comparison of the adjusted cohorts revealed no significant difference at any time points, CKD upstaging-free survival, and CKD stage 3b-free survival. Out of 179 patients, three (1.7%), eight (4.5%), and 14 (7.8%) experienced grade I, II, and IIIa UAS, respectively. Thirteen (7.3%) developed PH during follow-up. No significant differences were observed in UAS rates (p = 0.38), PH rates (p = 0.69), CKD upstaging-free survival, and CKD stage 3b-free survival between two groups.

Conclusion

No significant difference was observed in post-operative renal function and UD-related complication rates among the different types of surgery in patients undergoing RC in our institute. Further research is needed to determine the optimal surgical approach for each patient to minimize risks of CKD upstaging, UAS, and PH.