Worker risk from ultrasonicator aerosolization in medical device reprocessing: a particulate and bio-burden approach

Abstract

Background

Reprocessing reusable medical devices and surgical instruments is vital for ensuring safe health care in hospitals. Medical device reprocessing departments (MDRDs) handle the cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of these instruments. While previous research has examined bioburden on surfaces and associated patient health risks, there is limited focus on occupational hazards for MDRD workers.

Aim

To investigate the potential bioaerosol exposure and particle concentrations generated by ultrasonic sterilizing water baths within the MDRD at Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.

Methods

Bioaerosol sampling was conducted using Andersen-style samplers for bacterial and fungal cultures. Particle sampling was measured using optical particle samplers.

Results

The majority of bioaerosols were composed of low-risk skin microflora and waterborne bacteria, predominantly Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus spp. However, potentially harmful bacteria such as Citrobacter spp. and Acinetobacter spp. were detected. Fungal genera identified included Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium.

Conclusions

Although the overall aerosol generation from ultrasonic cleaning appeared minimal, this study highlights the importance of appropriate personal protective equipment, and suggests the need for further research on ventilation and additional aerosol sources in MDRDs.