Almond consumption for 8 weeks differentially modulates metabolomic responses to an acute glucose challenge compared to crackers in young adults

IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Nutrition Research Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI:10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.003
Jaapna Dhillon , Saurabh Pandey , John W. Newman , Oliver Fiehn , Rudy M. Ortiz
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Abstract

This study investigated the dynamic responses to an acute glucose challenge after 8 weeks of almond or cracker consumption (clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT03084003). Young adults (n = 73, age: 18-19 years, BMI: 18-41 kg/m2) participated in an 8-week randomized, controlled, parallel-arm intervention and were assigned to consume either almonds (2 oz/d, n = 38) or an isocaloric control snack of graham crackers (325 kcal/d, n = 35) daily. Twenty participants from each group underwent a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) at the end of the intervention. Metabolite abundances in the oGTT serum samples were quantified using untargeted metabolomics, and targeted analyses for free PUFAs, total fatty acids, oxylipins, and endocannabinoids. We hypothesized that 8-week almond consumption would differentially modulate the metabolomic response to a glucose challenge compared to crackers. Multivariate, univariate, and chemical enrichment analyses were conducted to identify significant metabolic shifts. Findings exhibit a biphasic lipid response with higher levels of unsaturated triglycerides earlier in the oGTT followed by lower levels later in the almond vs cracker group (p-value <.05, chemical enrichment analyses). Almond (vs cracker) consumption was also associated with higher AUC120 min of aminomalonate, and oxylipins (P-value <.05), but lower AUC120 min of l-cystine, N-acetylmannosamine, and isoheptadecanoic acid (P-value <.05). Additionally, the Matsuda Index in the almond group correlated with AUC120 min of CE 22:6 (r = -0.46; P-value <.05) and 12,13 DiHOME (r = 0.45; P-value <.05). Almond consumption for 8 weeks leads to dynamic, differential shifts in response to an acute glucose challenge, marked by alterations in lipid and amino acid mediators involved in metabolic and physiological pathways.

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本研究调查了食用杏仁或饼干 8 周后对急性葡萄糖挑战的动态反应(clinicaltrials.gov ID:NCT03084003)。年轻成年人(n = 73,年龄:18-19 岁,体重指数:18-41 kg/m2)参加了一项为期 8 周的随机对照平行臂干预,并被分配每天食用杏仁(2 盎司/天,n = 38)或等热量对照零食谷物饼干(325 千卡/天,n = 35)。在干预结束时,每组各有 20 名参与者接受 2 小时口服葡萄糖耐量试验 (oGTT)。我们使用非靶向代谢组学对 oGTT 血清样本中的代谢物丰度进行了量化,并对游离 PUFA、总脂肪酸、氧脂蛋白和内源性大麻素进行了靶向分析。我们假设,与饼干相比,食用 8 周杏仁会对葡萄糖挑战的代谢组学反应产生不同的调节作用。我们进行了多变量、单变量和化学富集分析,以确定显著的代谢变化。研究结果表明,杏仁组与饼干组的脂质反应呈双相,不饱和甘油三酯水平在 oGTT 早期较高,而在后期较低(p 值为 0.05,化学富集分析)。食用杏仁(与饼干相比)还与较高的氨基丙二酸和氧脂蛋白 AUC120 分钟有关(P 值为 0.05),但与较低的 l-胱氨酸、N-乙酰甘露糖胺和异十七酸 AUC120 分钟有关(P 值为 0.05)。此外,杏仁组的松田指数与 CE 22:6 的 AUC120 分钟相关(r = -0.46;P 值为 0.05),与 12,13 DiHOME 的 AUC120 分钟相关(r = 0.45;P 值为 0.05)。连续 8 周食用杏仁会导致对急性葡萄糖挑战的反应发生动态的、不同的变化,其特点是参与代谢和生理途径的脂质和氨基酸介质发生了改变。
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来源期刊
Nutrition Research
Nutrition Research 医学-营养学
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
2.20%
发文量
107
审稿时长
58 days
期刊介绍: Nutrition Research publishes original research articles, communications, and reviews on basic and applied nutrition. The mission of Nutrition Research is to serve as the journal for global communication of nutrition and life sciences research on diet and health. The field of nutrition sciences includes, but is not limited to, the study of nutrients during growth, reproduction, aging, health, and disease. Articles covering basic and applied research on all aspects of nutrition sciences are encouraged, including: nutritional biochemistry and metabolism; metabolomics, nutrient gene interactions; nutrient requirements for health; nutrition and disease; digestion and absorption; nutritional anthropology; epidemiology; the influence of socioeconomic and cultural factors on nutrition of the individual and the community; the impact of nutrient intake on disease response and behavior; the consequences of nutritional deficiency on growth and development, endocrine and nervous systems, and immunity; nutrition and gut microbiota; food intolerance and allergy; nutrient drug interactions; nutrition and aging; nutrition and cancer; obesity; diabetes; and intervention programs.
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